Traditional Recruitment Rites of Russian Residents of Udmurtia: Ethnographic Parallels with Recruitment Rites of Ural-Volga Region Peoples

The article is devoted to the reconstruction of the Russian recruitment rite that existed in the territory of modern Udmurtia in the early and mid-20th century. The source base for the reconstruction was ethnographic stories recorded by the author in the 1990s in folklore and ethnographic expeditions of the Udmurt Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. As a result of preliminary analysis and systematization of the material, the functioning of a single, general structure of the ritual in this region is proved. The article demonstrates the tendency of the Russian traditional culture of the region to unite into two large ethno-cultural areas. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the recruitment rites of Russian residents of Udmurtia were first considered in the context of traditional recruitment rites of other peoples of the Ural-Volga region. The results of a comparative analysis of Russian recruitment rituals in Udmurtia and traditional recruitment rituals of Bashkirs, Besermyans, Komi-Permyaks, Mari, Tatars, Chuvash, Udmurts living in the Ural-Volga region are presented. The typological similarity of recruitment rites of these peoples is proved. The analysis revealed numerous ethnographic parallels in the conduct of traditional recruitment rites among the peoples of the Ural-Volga region and the Russian population of modern Udmurtia

Folklore of Russian Resettlers in Context of Local Traditional Culture: Phenomenon of Wedding Ceremony in Arzamastsevo of Udmurt Republic

The article is devoted to the specifics of the wedding ceremony in Arzamastsevo village of Karakulinskiy district of the Udmurt Republic (UR), where the Russian migrants from the Tambov province live since the first third of the XIX century. The history of the village is covered - documentary sources, stories, oral narratives. The local-group nicknames “yaguty,” “sleporody,” “slepushi,” the toponym “Arzamastsevo” are analysed. Elements of the wedding ceremony are characterized. Dialectal names to ritual actions are presented. Peculiar wedding customs are revealed - bride’s otbivaniye zori ; buddies’ riding of kurnik and the bride’s bed, stealing the bed; feast at the bride’s house after the wedding; stretching the filaments in the yard of the bride during the arrival of the bridegroom for the bride. The results are presented of a comparative analysis of wedding rituals of Arzamastsevo and other Russian dialect traditions of UR. It is established that the marriage rites of Arzamastsevo organically correlate with the Russian wedding folklore of Karakulinskiy district and other local traditions of UR. It is mentioned that the probable cause of this fact is that by the time Arzamastsevo arose on the territory of the Middle Kama region there had developed a strong local tradition, typologically close to the Russian traditional culture of the Central provinces of Russia. It is emphasized that the traditional culture of Arzamastsevo is a multi-component phenomenon, which is based on the original folklore of resettlers

Symbols of Time in Russian Wedding Folklore of Udmurtia

The article is devoted to the study of the system of artistic images of Russian wedding  folklore of the modern Udmurt Republic.  The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the temporal processes of the wedding ritual itself, as well as family-clan  and natural rhythms are first considered on the example of wedding folklore that exists in the territory of the modern republic. Particular attention is paid to the images of heavenly bodies, the kingdom of plants, zooand ornithomorphic   images,   the   symbolism   of sound signals. The sun  is  shown  to  be the central artistic  image  associated  with  the display of time. As a result of the analysis, it was found that  semantically,  the  images of evening dawn, morning dawn and night have significant  similarities.  The  question of the possible division of the night into two time periods is considered — a dark one, which does not correspond to a wedding situation, and a light one,  which  regulates the course of ritual time. It  is  shown  that  the image of the night is a symbol of the first conjugal intercourse. It has been established that the mention of the trumpet and the bell   in the songs emphasizes  the  sacred  status  of the wedding ceremony.  It is  noted  that  in wedding songs, the symbolism of the sound of the bell and trumpet merges with  the symbolism of the sun. It was revealed that in the description of emporal processes there may be categories of morality

Bioactive Calcium Phosphate Coatings on Metallic Implants

Biocomposites based on bioinert metals or alloys and bioactive calcium phosphate coatings are a promising tendency of the new-generation implants development. In recent years, the approach of regenerative medicine based on the use of biodegradable biomaterials has been priority direction. Such materials are capable of initiating the bone tissue regeneration and replaced by the newly formed bone. The microarc oxidation (MAO) method allows obtaining the bioactive coatings with a porous structure, special functional properties, and modified by the essential elements. During the last decade, the investigations in the field of the nanostructured biocomposites based on bioinert Ti, Zr, Nb and their alloys with a calcium phosphate coatings deposited by the MAO method have been studied in the Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, Tomsk. In this article the possibility to produce the bioactive coatings with high antibacterial and osseoconductive properties due to the introduction in the coatings of Zn, Cu, Ag, La, Si elements and wollastonite CaSiO[3] was shown. The high hydrophilic and bioresorbed coatings stimulate the processes of osseointegration of the implant into the bone tissue. A promising direction in the field of the medical material science is a development of the metallic implants with good biomechanical compatibility to the bone, such as Ti-Nb alloys with a low elastic modulus that can be classified as biomaterials of the second generation. Zr and its alloys are promising materials for the dentistry and orthopedic surgery due to their high strength and corrosion resistance. Biodegradable Mg alloys are biomaterials of third generation. Such materials can dissolve with a certain speed in human body and excreted from the body thereby excluding the need for reoperation. This article presents the analysis of the study results of bioactive MAO coatings on Ti, Ti-Nb, Zr-Nb and Mg alloys and their promising medical application

The transformation of the cultural memory through a prism of the Cyberspace

The paper considers the analysis of the cultural memory, which at the beginning of the XXI century underwent essential changes. The beginning of the memory research as a special phenomenon belongs to the Russian scientist, Nikolaj Miljukov [1] who has proved the emergence of social memory with the emergence of the intellectuals. In the article “Intellectuals and Historical Tradition”, Miljukov emphasizes the importance of social memory for the forward positive development of society. Since Halbwachs social memory gets the status of the independent research project. At the end of the XIX century the main theoretical concepts of social memory are formed: cultural and historical, semiotics, informational, psychological. The beginning of the third millennium is marked by the basic change of research trajectories of social memory. Specific research projects are put in the forefront. Such articles can be used as an example. The main research objective consists in the identification of the sociocultural bases of the transformation of social memory research. In modern investigations of the cultural memory, this phenomenon finds the new paradigmatic characteristics, which are fully submitted in the modern Internet space

Modern requirements to preparation of professional and pedagogical personnel

The relevance of the researched problem is caused by the need of providing the educational organizations of the system of professional education with specialists in projecting and implementation of educational programs of training of workers and specialists of a middle link, and formation of a personnel resource for innovative productions. The purpose of the presented article consists in consideration of the discrepancies arising while introduction of the professional standard "Teacher of Vocational Training, Vocational Education and Further Vocational Education" and changes revelation of a pedagogical personnel which are necessary for improvement of preparation quality. The leading approach to the research of this problem is the system-based approach which allows us to reveal the discrepancies arising by the comparison of the professional standard and educational programs that are developed taking into account requirements of the educational standard for the direction of preparation Vocational Training (branch-wise). According to the analysis results, the option of adjustment of educational programs for the direction of preparation Vocational Training (branch-wise) is offered; it promotes improvement of preparation quality of pedagogical personnel for the system of professional education and further vocational education, and also the corporate educational organizations and innovative productions. The materials of the publication can be useful to heads of educational organizations while forming the personnel potential in educational institutions. © 2016 Zyryanova et al

Probing High Frequency Noise with Macroscopic Resonant Tunneling

We have developed a method for extracting the high-frequency noise spectral density of an rf-SQUID flux qubit from macroscopic resonant tunneling (MRT) rate measurements. The extracted noise spectral density is consistent with that of an ohmic environment up to frequencies ~ 4 GHz. We have also derived an expression for the MRT lineshape expected for a noise spectral density consisting of such a broadband ohmic component and an additional strongly peaked low-frequency component. This hybrid model provides an excellent fit to experimental data across a range of tunneling amplitudes and temperatures

Single flux quantum circuits with damping based on dissipative transmission lines

We propose and demonstrate the functioning of a special Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) circuit with frequency-dependent damping. This damping is achieved by shunting individual Josephson junctions by pieces of open-ended RC transmission lines. Our circuit includes a toggle flip-flop cell, Josephson transmission lines transferring single flux quantum pulses to and from this cell, as well as DC/SFQ and SFQ/DC converters. Due to the desired frequency-dispersion in the RC line shunts which ensures sufficiently low noise at low frequencies, such circuits are well-suited for integrating with the flux/phase Josephson qubit and enable its efficient control.Comment: 6 pages incl. 6 figure

Rate-dependent propagation of cardiac action potentials in a one-dimensional fiber

Action potential duration (APD) restitution, which relates APD to the preceding diastolic interval (DI), is a useful tool for predicting the onset of abnormal cardiac rhythms. However, it is known that different pacing protocols lead to different APD restitution curves (RCs). This phenomenon, known as APD rate-dependence, is a consequence of memory in the tissue. In addition to APD restitution, conduction velocity restitution also plays an important role in the spatiotemporal dynamics of cardiac tissue. We present new results concerning rate-dependent restitution in the velocity of propagating action potentials in a one-dimensional fiber. Our numerical simulations show that, independent of the amount of memory in the tissue, waveback velocity exhibits pronounced rate-dependence and the wavefront velocity does not. Moreover, the discrepancy between waveback velocity RCs is most significant for small DI. We provide an analytical explanation of these results, using a system of coupled maps to relate the wavefront and waveback velocities. Our calculations show that waveback velocity rate-dependence is due to APD restitution, not memory.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure