Basement Membrane beneath Serous Mesothelial Cells Contains α1(IV), α2(IV), α5(IV), and α6(IV) Chains of Type IV Collagen Demonstrated by Chain-specific Monoclonal Antibodies

Serous membrane (SM) covers inner surface of abdominal, thoracic and pericardial cavities, aswell as outer surface of organs inside the cavities. It consists of surface mesothelial cells andloose connective tissue. Between them, a thim layer of basement membrane (BM) is located. Type IVcollagen is major constituent of BM, and consists of 6 different a(IV) chains, a1(IV) through a6(IV).Chain-specific functions are assumed by a chain-specific manner of localization. The a(IV) chaincomposition of skin, covering outer surface of the body, is demonstrated to have a1(IV), a2(IV), a5(IV),and a6(IV) chains, whereas that of SM, covering inner surface of the body, is yet to be analyzed. Abdominal wall, small intestine, thoracic wall, lung, pericardium and epicardium of humanmaterials were used in this study. Chain-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) used were H11(for a1), H22 (for a2), H31 (fo a3), H43 (for a4), H53 (for a5) and H63 (for a6). Fresh frozen sectionswere stained with indirect immunofluorescence staining using the mAbs. Four out of six a(IV) chains, a1, a2, a5 and a6, were demonstrated in BM beneath themesothelial cells of all types of SMs, whereas only capillary BM consisted of a1 and a2. Besides,epicardial SM expressed a3 and a4 moderately as extra components. The a(IV) chain composition was same as those of epidermal skin BM. Therefore, these a(IV)chains are designated to be essential for BM covering inside and outside of the body

ダイガク ニオケル イッパン キョウイク カモク セイブツガク ワ ドウ アル ベキカ

Since the beginning of 20th century,universities and colleges in Japan like occidentalcounterparts have traditionally been requiring the so-called general education courses (liberalarts) for undergraduate studedents. The reason is simple to enlighten the professional-to-bestudents with general intellectual capacities. In recent years, however, general education hassomehow been underestimated at if it is minor and less significant. Biology as well as physics andchemistry in the field of natural science has been recognized in this way, thus the students showlittle interests, and even teachers lack eagerness and corage toward teaching the courses. Inthis paper, the authors, with different backgrounds and expertises within biology have intimatelydiscussed and analyzed the recent situation and reached criticism with our mutualrecommendations for biological science in liberal arts at university level

スゲゾク シバスゲセツ ニオケル ヨウリョクタイ DNA オ モチイタ ブンシ ケイトウガクテキ ケンキュウ

カヤツリグサ科スゲ属植物は, 種類が非常に多く, しかも形態がよく似ており分類が困難なグループである。本研究では, スゲ属のRFLPs分析による系統分類を目的として葉緑体DNAの単離を試みた。しかし, 葉の組織がケイ素の集積で硬く繊維質が多いため純度の高い葉緑体が得られずDNAの収量が悪かった。そこで, スゲ属シバスゲ節の種内異数体を含む4種の全DNAをCTAB法によって単離し, イネの葉緑体DNAをプローブとしてサザンハイブリダイゼーションを行った。その結果, 4種間および種内異数体間で異なる断片パターンが認められ, このRELPs分析が本属の系統の解析に有効であることが明らかになった。The species Carex are difficult to distinguish because the morphological features are very similar. In order to clarify the phylogenetic relationships among the species of this genus, restriction fragment analysis of cpDNA was applied to four species of section Praecoces. Total DNA was isolated from fresh leaves by the CTAB procedure and digested with four restriction enzymes. The probes for Southern hybridization were prepared from the clone bank of Oryza sativa cpDNA. Different restriction sites were recognized among four species and intraspecific aneuploids of Carex conica. This result shows the restriction fragment analysis of cpDNA is an effectual method of phylogenetic analysis in the genus Carex