Effects of supplemental microbial phytase enzyme on performance and phytate phosphorus digestibility of a corn-wheat-soybean meal diet in broiler chicks

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of supplemental phytase in a corn-wheatsoybean meal basal diet on phosphorus (P) digestibility and performance of broiler chicks. 378 one-day old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were allocated to 3×3 factorial arrangements with three levels of phytase enzyme (0, 500 and 1000 FTU/kg) and three levels of non-phytate P (100, 80 and 60% of NRC requirements). Broiler chicks received experimental diets from 7 to 49 days of age. Phytase significantly (P < 0.05) improved body weight gain and feed intake. Tibial ash and P contents increased significantly by phytase supplementation. Ileal P digestibility increased and P excretion reduced by added phytase. The greatest response due to supplemental phytase regarding P digestibility and utilization was obtained at the lowest dietary non-phytate P (NPP) level (60% of NRC requirements). Difference between various levels of added phytase (500 and 1000 FTU/kg) regarding P excretion and utilization was not significant. The interactions between supplemental phytase and dietary NPP for P utilization, tibial ash and P contents were significant (P < 0.05). The results indicate that, supplemental microbial phytase (500 FTU/kg of diet) added to diet containing NPP lower than NRC requirements (60%) can improve growth performance, tibial ash and phytate P utilization in broiler chickens.Key words: Broiler, phytase, phosphorus digestibility, growth performance, tibia

Possible role of available phosphorus in potentiating the use of low-protein diets for broiler chicken production

A total of 945 male Ross 308 broiler chicks were used in a growth study to explore the interaction between dietary crude protein concentration and available phosphorus. Nine experimental treatments were constructed factorially by offering low, medium, or standard protein concentrations without or with low, standard, or high available phosphorus. Diets were based on corn, wheat, and soybean meal and all nutrients other than protein/amino acids and available phosphorus were maintained at or above breeder guidelines. Additional synthetic amino acids were used in the diets with low protein concentration in attempt to maintain digestible amino acid supply. Diets were offered to 7 replicate pens of 15 chicks per pen from day 8 to 35. Growth performance was measured during the grower (day 8–24) and finisher (day 25–35) periods. On day 35 carcass composition was determined, blood was drawn for various biochemical measurements and the tibia was excised for mechanical and compositional analyses. Birds that received the low-protein diet had lower terminal body weight and higher feed conversion ratio compared with those that received diets with adequate crude protein content. However, addition of available phosphorus to the low-protein diet resulted in significant reductions in weight-corrected feed conversion that were not evident in the diet with adequate protein content. Bone architecture was only moderately influenced by dietary treatment but birds that ingested the diets containing low and medium protein concentrations had relatively heavier abdominal fat pad weight. Blood biochemistry, especially ammonia, uric acid, and phosphorus, was influenced by both dietary protein and available phosphorus and trends suggested that both axes are involved in protein accretion and catabolism. It can be concluded that performance losses associated with feeding low protein diets to broiler chickens may be partially restored by additional available phosphorus. The implications for use of exogenous enzymes such as protease and phytase and protein nutrition per se warrants further examination

Copper hydroxychloride is more efficacious than copper sulfate in improving broiler chicken's growth performance, both at nutritional and growth-promoting levels

This study was designed to compare the effects of nutritional and growth-promoting levels of copper hydroxychloride (CH) with copper sulfate (CuSO4) on growth, carcass characteristics, tibia traits and mineral concentration in broilers fed a conventional wheat-soybean meal-based diet. Day-old Ross 308 male chicks (n = 864) were randomly assigned into 8 dietary treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks per treatment. The dietary treatments included a basal diet containing no supplemental copper (Cu) serving as the negative control (NC); basal diet supplemented with 15 or 200 mg/kg Cu as CuSO4; basal diet supplemented with either 15, 50, 100, 150, or 200 mg/kg Cu from CH. Diets were fed over the starter (day 1–14) and grower (day 14–35) phases. Birds in the NC group gained the same body weight and had similar feed conversion ratio (FCR) to birds receiving 15 mg/kg Cu as CuSO4, but birds receiving 15 mg/kg Cu as CH had a lower FCR than the NC birds (day 0-35; P 4 (P P P > 0.05). The highest and lowest tibia ash content were observed in birds fed diet with 150 mg/kg Cu as CH and 200 mg/kg Cu as CuSO 0.05). The highest and lowest tibia ash content were observed in birds fed diet with 150 mg/kg Cu as CH and 200 mg/kg Cu as CuSO4, respectively (P 4 (P 4 in promoting growth performance, both at nutritional and pharmacological levels

Effect of seed source and pelleting temperature during steam pelleting on apparent metabolizable energy value of full-fat canola seed for broiler chickens

Eleven canola seed (CS) samples were collected from different commercial feedmills and crushing plants in Australia and analyzed for nutrient profile. Six of these samples were selected to determine the effect of seed chemical composition and pellet temperature (PT) during steam pelleting on apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn) values of CS for broiler chickens using a 6 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The CS samples were incorporated into a corn-soybean meal diet at 15% by replacing energy-yielding ingredients, and diets were steam pelleted at either 75 or 90°C. A total of 420 18-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) was assigned to 14 experimental diets replicated 6 times, with 5 chicks per cage. After a 5-day diet acclimation period from d 18 to 22, excreta were collected for 72 h using the substitution method to determine AME and AMEn. There was no interaction of seed source and PT for ileal digestible energy (IDE), AME, or AMEn values of CS (P > 0.05). PT did not affect energy availability of CS (P > 0.05) but increasing the PT improved the pellet durability index of the diets by approximately 5.0 percentage points. A significant effect of seed source was detected for all the energy utilization values of CS (P 0.05). PT did not affect energy availability of CS (P > 0.05) but increasing the PT improved the pellet durability index of the diets by approximately 5.0 percentage points. A significant effect of seed source was detected for all the energy utilization values of CS (P 0.05) but increasing the PT improved the pellet durability index of the diets by approximately 5.0 percentage points. A significant effect of seed source was detected for all the energy utilization values of CS (

Experimental Study and Kinetic Modeling of Decoking of Pacol Process Dehydrogenation Catalyst

The Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalyst life time was limited by the formation of coke on the external and internal surfaces of catalyst in dehydrogenation reactors. The kinetics of decoking of dehydrogenation catalyst was studied in a pilot scale fixed bed reactor experimentally. The effects of temperature, oxygen concentration and other operating conditions on decoking process were investigated. A kinetic model was deve-loped to describe the decoking of mentioned catalyst. An objective function was defined as the sum of squares of the deviations among the calculated and plant data. Accordingly the appropriate values were found in order to minimize this function. It was concluded that there was a good agreement between simulation results and experimental data.  © 2015 BCREC UNDIP. All rights reservedReceived: 18th September 2014; Revised: 28th February 2015; Accepted: 9th March 2015How to Cite: Toghyani, M., Rahimi, A., Mamanpoush, M., Kazemian, R., Harandizadeh, A.H. (2015). Experimental Study and Kinetic Modeling of Decoking of Pacol Process Dehydrogenation Catalyst. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis, 10 (2): 155-161. (doi:10.9767/bcrec.10.2.7357.155-161) Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.10.2.7357.155-161  </p

Experimental Study and Kinetic Modeling of Decoking of Pacol Process Dehydrogenation Catalyst

The Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalyst life time was limited by the formation of coke on the external and internal surfaces of catalyst in dehydrogenation reactors. The kinetics of decoking of dehydrogenation catalyst was studied in a pilot scale fixed bed reactor experimentally. The effects of temperature, oxygen concentration and other operating conditions on decoking process were investigated. A kinetic model was deve-loped to describe the decoking of mentioned catalyst. An objective function was defined as the sum of squares of the deviations among the calculated and plant data. Accordingly the appropriate values were found in order to minimize this function. It was concluded that there was a good agreement between simulation results and experimental data.  © 2015 BCREC UNDIP. All rights reservedReceived: 18th September 2014; Revised: 28th February 2015; Accepted: 9th March 2015How to Cite: Toghyani, M., Rahimi, A., Mamanpoush, M., Kazemian, R., Harandizadeh, A.H. (2015). Experimental Study and Kinetic Modeling of Decoking of Pacol Process Dehydrogenation Catalyst. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis, 10 (2): 155-161. (doi:10.9767/bcrec.10.2.7357.155-161) Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.10.2.7357.155-161  </p