Evolution of ore-forming fluids in the Bukovik-Kadiica porphyry Cu deposit, Republic of Macedonia

The Bukovik-Kadiica mineralized system is hosted by Tertiary dacitic and andesitic volcanic rocks which have intruded the basement of Palaeozoic schists in the Serbo-Macedonian Massif of eastern Macedonia. The latest geological exploration has confirmed that this porphyry copper mineralizationis characterized by a dominance of chalcocite and covellite with associated chalcopyrite, emplectite, and bornite, with the highest grades in a zone of supergene enrichment. Silicification is the dominant alteration within the mineralized system, whilst zones of potassic, phyllic, argillic, propylitic, and advanced argillic alteration are also present. Silicification and sulphide mineralization are located in stockworks in altered dacite and andesite breccia. Dissolution of primary sulphides and chemical leaching are evident in the zones of oxidation, dominated by limonite breccia.The main copper mineralization has a vertical extent between 90 and 220 m. Fluid inclusion studies of mineralized quartz veins have identified three separate groups of fluids: saline inclusions which homogenize at 326-501 °C and have a salinity of 32-45 wt% NaCl equiv., vapour-dominated inclusions which homogenize at 438-497 °C and have a salinity of 6–16 wt% NaCl equiv., and more dilute, two-phase vapour–liquid inclusions that homogenize at 360-627 °C and have a salinity of 3-24 wt% NaCl equiv

Form of presence of gold in porphiry copper deposit Buchim (Eastern Macedonia)

Tho investigations and examinations done so far determined that the distribuiton of gold in the deposit is in close correlation to that of the copper, where gold most often occurs as native (hosted mainly in the chalcopyrites, par tially in pyrites and rarely in the magnetites) and in the form of gold tellurides (calaverite and krennerite). The latest ore microscope examinations and analyses of the elec­ tronic microprobe determined that in Buchim deposit, bisides the determined mineralogical forms of presence of go ld, electrum and petzite also appear, which at the same time, represent new mineral kinds for the mineral association in t his deposit , At the same time the distribution of Au and Ag in t he electrum and the variations of Au in individual parts (central bnd rim) of the larger grains of the native gold was followed. and it was det ermined that the contents of Au and Ag in the electrum are close to the standard , while the Au contents in the native gold are variable and range within 80 - 92 % Au

Бизмутско - селенска минерализација во бакарното наоѓалиште Бучим - Радовиш

Порфиското бакарно наоѓалиште Бучим му припаѓа на рудниот реон Бучим - Дамјан - Боров дол, кој како посебна металогенетска единица влегува во составот на металогенетската зона Лице - Халкидик. Ова наоѓалиште ги завзема северните денови од споменатиот руден реон, односно деловите кои престорно му припаѓаат на Српско-Македонскиот насив. Во геолошката градба на наоѓалштето Бучим учествуваат претежно гнајсеви, никашисти и амфиболити, кои во основа го чинат фундаментотна СММ. Во периодот на неогените тектоно - магнетски процеси овој фундамент бил пробиен со продуктите на неогениот магнатизам, кои н аденешниот ерозионен ниво се претставени со субвулканско - вулкански фазии на латити и андензите - латити во вид на дајкови и некови. Овие неогени магматски членови, покрај тоа што завземаат значајно место во геолошката градба на потесната околина на наоѓалиштето Бучин, тие имаат големо влијание и на просторниот распоред на бакарното оруднување во наоѓалиштето

Сребрените минерали од олово - цинковото наоѓалиште Саса, Источна Македонија

Рудното наоѓалиште Саса се наоѓа во североисточниот дел на Осоговските планини на С.Р Македонија на 12км северно од Македонска Каменица. Од металогенетски аспект тоа представува дел од рудниот регион Саса - Тораница, која влегува во рамките на издвоената од Богоевски (1962,1962) рудна зона Бесна Кобила - Пехчево. Тој реон заедно со делот во кој се терциерните рудни наоѓалишта на Бугарската територија е дефинирана како Манков (М нков 1965, Манков 1974) како Руеднско рудно поле. Во регионален план наоѓалиштето Саса влегува во т.н. Српско - Македонска провинција (Јанкович 1967), во која се вклучени многубројни основно олово - цинкови наоѓалишта и рудни појави

Нов тип Бизмутова минерализација за наоѓалиштето "Саса", источна Македонија

Рудното наоѓалиште "Саса" претставува едно од најголемите сребрено - олово - цинково наоѓалиште во Европа. Од досега спроведените научни проучувања се добиени јасни сознанија поврзани за геолошката градба, минералниот состав и општата квантитативна распределба на главните и придружните елементи во рудите (Bari), 1961; Пенџерковски 1962; Богојевски 1962 и 1967 год

Хидротермални промени во дел од наогалиштето Алшар

Полиметалното рудно наоѓалиште на Антимон, ѕрсен, телију и злато Алшар се наоѓа во рамките на Кожувскиот вулкански комплекс. Овој вулкански комплекс во основа е изграден од интермедиарни до кисели стени кои во основа се претсавени со: латити, андезити, кварцлатити, риолити, трахити и група на преодни стени помеѓу нив. Основната карактеристика на оваа група на стени е таа да припаѓа на серијата на калко алалните стени. Староста на овој вулкански комплекс е плопценска до плеистоцеска. Рудното наоѓалиште Алшар е во парагенетска врска со овој вулкански комплекс. Тоа е наоѓалиште о контактно метасомски тип, односно рудната минерализација на антимон, арсен и талијум се наоѓа во контактните делови помеѓу магматските стени (представени со субвулкански тела на литити) и околните карбонатни стени (претставени со долимати)

Spatial distribution and associated spatial uncertainty of potential toxic elements - the Lake Kalimanci case study (Republic of Macedonia)

Pollution from mining activities is a significant problem in various regions of the Republic of Macedonia. A geochemical survey of the surface deposits of Lake Kalimanci in the easterly region of the Republic of Macedonia was carried out before (2001) and later (2007) the dam failure and thus allowing the measurement of the tailings’ material from Sasa Pb-Zn Mine-Osogovo Mountains (Eastern Macedonia). The concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTE): Ag, Au, Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Sb, Th, S, U and Zn were obtained by ICP Mass Spectrometry (ACME Laboratories in Vancouver, Canada). Data analysis, through Principal Component Analysis (PCA), was performed in order reduce the space of analyses by the construction of synthesis variables (Principal Factors). Geostatistical modeling was used, throughout conventional variography and the Sequential Gaussian Simulation algorithm (SGS), to model the new factors' spatial distribution. A hundred simulations, differing in their initial random-number seed, were performed and a Mean Image (MI) obtained. Spatial uncertainty evaluation (simulation’s Standard Deviation) allowed the definition of future monitoring and sampling strategies as well as the measurement of remediation possibilities

Терциарен магматизам во Динаридите на Вардарската зона и Српско - Македонската маса

This paper deals with tho results of several years' regional and detlliled geological investigati­ons and examinations of the tertiary volcanogenic-intrusive magmatic complexes in the Dinllrides, the Vardar Zone and the Serbo-Macedonian mass. The lagrest part of the investigations were relaled to the accomplishment of the project "Cretaceous and Postcretaceous Magmatism in the Dinarides andod Caucasus" accomplished through MANU, SANU,and AN USSR. In this work we made a synthesis of the most significant results from the investigated volcanic areas. The completed investigations include the petrological, petrochemical, volcanological and geochemical characteristics of the plutonic subvolcanic-volcanic facies of the teniary magmatism in the treated volcanogenic areas. A number of geochronological ecaminalions by K/Ar method were also made. On the basis of the ootianed results we made a reconstruction of the tectono-magmatic processes and the evolution of tho teniary magmatism in the Dinarides, the Vardar Zone and theSerbo-Macedonian mass from ~enc to pliocene. In this context, we made a correlotion between individual examined volcanogenic areas wbich arc intercsting as bcacors of significant polymclailic mineralizations

Ore loses and dilution of the ore vein no. 4 in the Zletovo mine, Republic of Macedonia

Zletovo mines have a tradition of exploration and exploitation of vein lead-zinc ores for almost a century. Ore losses and dilutions have always been imperative in production since traditional old methods of mining and low-productivity mineralization are used. In conditions of classical and sub-level method excavations used, the calculated ore losses in ore vein No. 4 are 13.5%, while at the level of all excavations in the Zletovo mines dilution averages at 10%. Ore dilution is also an important technical parameter and several possible variants were calculated. When analyzing the dilution that occurs during the preparation of the sub-level corridor with parameters such: different drop angle (45-60o), constant thickness of 1.47 m as the average vein thickness in the calculated ore reserves, width of the sub-level corridor of 1.57 m or to the width of the ore vein No. 4 were added 10 cm (left and right to 5 cm) as much as is taken in the calculation of the planned dilution and height of 2.5 m as suggested for this mining method, it can be noticed that the planned dilution during this method of mining ranges from 26.3% to 42.3%. In conditions of use of this underground method of excavation, parameters are selected that allow for the indicated lowering of the dilution. Namely, the thickness of the ore wire would be 1.47 m, the mining width would be 1.57 m, only 10 cm (left and right up to 5cm) to the thickness of the ore vein will be added, the height difference between the consecutive levels would be 7.5 m, dip angle of 45 to 60°, and with the excavation the whole ore vein would be covered in height. On the basis of these parameters, models were prepared in which the ore vein would have a different dip angle, from which the values for the planned ore dilution ranged from 6.7 to 7.8%, which is significantly lower than the average dilution in the Zletovo Mine

Allchar mineral assemblage

The paper is a summary of investigations carried out on minerals of the Allchar deposit. It discusses the Tl-As-Sb-Au mineral assemblage after detailed and intense research work. Four types of mineralization have been distinguished based on the mineral assemblage present: 1. The first type is characterized by high content of iron and sulphur, but lower arsenic and thallium content. The pyrite-marcasite mineral assemblage is characterized by the presence of some quantities of arsenic-pyrit. 2. The second type is characterized by the high antimony and low iron and thallium content. Stibnite is the most common mineral in the group. 3. The third type is characterized by the high arsenic and sulphur and relatively low thallium content. Orpiment is the most common mineral in this group. 4. The fourth type of minerals is characterized by the high content of arsenic, sulphur, iron and thallium. This type of minerals is accompanied by the high content of manganese and zinc