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    Post-socialist transition of authority in the Balkans - the case of two capitals: Belgrade and Sofia in the 1990s

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    Π¦ΠΈΡ™ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ јС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π°ΡšΠ΅ ΠΈ објашњавањС процСса Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ власти Ρƒ Π‘Π΅ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρƒ ΠΈ Π‘ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ Ρƒ послСдњој Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ 20. Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. Π£ ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡˆΡ‚Ρƒ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° су процСси ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΡ…, Скономских, Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΈ ΡƒΡ€Π±Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΎΡ˜Π° Π²ΠΈΡˆΠ΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ систСма ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… односа. Π£ ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌ прСстоницама ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΌ дСвСдСсСтих Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ˜Π° сС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΈ систСм Π½Π° Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡƒ, успоставља сС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏ смСнС власти, Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΡ€Π±Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ су ΠΈ сукобима ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°ΡšΠ΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ›Π°ΡšΠ°. Економска Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° Π‘Π΅ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π° ΠΈ Π‘ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ дСшавала сС Ρƒ условима Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π°, Ρ…ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π»Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈ. Π£ ΠΎΠ±Π° Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½Π° Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π° присутни су процСси власничкС Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅, ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ настанком Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Π½Π°Ρ˜Ρ‡Π΅ΡˆΡ›Π΅ ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π° Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅. Π£ ΡƒΡ€Π±Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΎΡ˜Ρƒ Π½Π°ΠΏΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π° сС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€Π°ΡšΠ°, Π° Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ’Π°Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ˜Ρƒ власници ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅, односно Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… станова. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ Ρƒ Π‘Π΅ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρƒ ΠΈ Π‘ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ Ρƒ послСдњој Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ 20. Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Ρ™Π°Ρ˜Ρƒ Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ β€žΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚Π°β€œ, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’Ρƒ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ пост-ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡˆΡšΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ 21. Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ°, Π° који ΠΈΡ… јС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π²Π°ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΎΡ˜Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ° саврСмСних капиталистичких Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π° Ρƒ западноСвропским Π·Π΅ΠΌΡ™Π°ΠΌΠ°.The goal of this dissertation is to analyze and emphasize the process of authority transition in Belgrade and Sofia in the last decade of the 20th century. At the core of this research are processes of political, economic, social and urban changes during the development of a multi-party systems and developments of new market terms. At the start of the 1990s, in the two capital cities, the new parliamentary system was developed. From this end, principle of change of government at city level was established, political party turmoil were induced by conflicts of ideological paradigms and the imposition of a new culture of remembrance. The economic transitions in both, Belgrade and Sofia had taken place in the conditions of great economic state crises, hyperinflation and monetary reforms. Processes of ownership transformation had started in both cities, marked by social divisions together with the emergence of a new elite, most often coming from the ranks of the nomenclature. Furthermore, in regards to urban development plans the clear change was visible: principle of centralized planning was abandoned and residents had been granted the right to become owners of β€œex-state” housing. The changes in two capitals Belgrade and Sofia, in the last decade of the 20th century represent the phenomenon of the "transitional bridge" between the socialist past and the post-post-socialist present of the future 21st century, which brought them closer to the developmental models of modern capitalist cities in Western European countries

    Estimation of production costs in product development phase using fuzzy-neural networks

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    Estimation of production costs in the product development phase, has a significant impact on achieving and maintaining the competitiveness of products on the market and the target profit, as the primary goal of production. Evaluation of individual variants conceptual and preliminary structural solutions and new product selection of a solution that has the least cost of production, the drive is controlled target costs, and target profit. This paper presents an application of fuzzy-neural network to estimate the costs of production in the product development phase to the case of single row cylindrical roller bearings
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