Exciton-Related Electroluminescence from ZnO Nanowire Light-Emitting Diodes

The authors study the microscopic origin of the electroluminescence from zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire light-emitting diodes (LEDs) fabricated on a heavily doped p-type silicon (p-Si) substrate. By comparing the low-temperature photoluminescence and electroluminescence of a single nanowire LED, bound- and free-exciton related recombination processes, together with their longitudinal-optical phonon replicas, can be identified as the origin of both electroluminescence and photoluminescence.Engineering and Applied Science

This Must Be The Place: Critical Design and Urban Futurity

By 2050, half the world’s population will live in cities — Ancient Proverb You have, surely, seen or heard the above statement before—in newspaper articles, possibly, or government documents; perhaps as wall-text at an art exhibition; perhaps whispered into your ear by an anonymous commuter. Words summon action. Describing a near-future in which half of the global populace will inevitably—definitely!—live in cities is not a value-neutral offering but an invocation to act. This proverb drives policy development for the United Nations, forms the opening gambit of a great many foresight reports and acts as the backbone of the property development industry. It is a compelling pitch for businesses and govern- ments looking to shore up certainty in an age of instability and volatility, framing half the world’s population as a captive audience for policy, surveillance and sales. Positioning the city as the nexus of mass human experience for the foreseeable future sets up a land-grab for who gets to define what these cities will look like. And what is being imagined often seems to be terribly similar, both in terms of what these cities look like, how they are controlled and what forms of technological systems will thread through them. It is these apparently inescapable future-metropolitan visions that critical approaches to design, architecture and urbanism seek to challenge

The Internet Of Bombs

This essay, ‘Internet of Bombs’ acts as response to and contextualising tool for the MA projects. In it, we take the long view, considering the use of the autonomous weapons of war animals in Ancient Greece; and considering how, as in WWII ‘area bombing’ the efficacy of a weapon (re)defines a target. We trace precision tracking, sensing, and control from Cold War era computerisation of military strategy, into modern day offerings and operations around the Internet of Things, the ‘smart city’, and the networked world. A long-form essay which takes the long view around autonomised weaponry, considering the use of the autonomous weapons of war animals in Ancient Greece; and considering how, as in WWII ‘area bombing’ the efficacy of a weapon (re)defines a target. We trace precision tracking, sensing, and control from Cold War era computerisation of military strategy, into modern day offerings and operations around the Internet of Things, the ‘smart city’, and the networked world

Controlled formation of Schottky diodes on n-doped ZnO layers by deposition of p-conductive polymer layers with oxidative chemical vapor deposition

We report the controlled formation of organic/inorganic Schottky diodes by depositing poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) on n-doped ZnO layers using oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD). Current-voltage measurements reveal the formation of Schottky diodes that show good thermal and temporal stability with rectification ratios of 10 7 and ideality factors of ∼1.2. In the frame of a Schottky model, we identify a mean barrier height at the hybrid inorganic-organic interface of 1.28 eV, which is consistent with the difference between the work function of PEDOT and the electron affinity of ZnO. The findings highlight the strength of oCVD to design high-quality hybrid PEDOT/ ZnO heterojunctions with possible applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices

Imaging foreign bodies in head and neck trauma: a pictorial review

Open injuries bear the risk of foreign body contamination. Commonly encountered materials include gravel debris, glass fragments, wooden splinters or metal particles. While foreign body incorporation is obvious in some injury patterns, other injuries may not display hints of being contaminated with foreign body materials. Foreign objects that have not been detected and removed bear the risk of leading to severe wound infections and chronic wound healing disorders. Besides these severe health issues, medicolegal consequences should be considered. While an accurate clinical examination is the first step for the detection of foreign body materials, choosing the appropriate radiological imaging is decisive for the detection or non-detection of the foreign material. Especially in cases of impaired wound healing over time, the existence of an undetected foreign object needs to be considered. Here, we would like to give a practical radiological guide for the assessment of foreign objects in head and neck injuries by a special selection of patients with different injury patterns and various foreign body materials with regard to the present literature

Net Zero energy solar buildings: An overview and analysis on worldwide building projects

Abstract This paper summarises the state of two research phases within the scope of the IEA Task 40 / Annex 52 "Towards Net Zero Energy Solar Buildings" It is shown that diverse actors with miscellaneous motives have lead to a lot of different building variations. Typical strategies can be assigned to the typology groups "small residential building", "apartment building" and "non residential building". Net ZEBs are much more energy efficient than average buildings which were built according to national construction and energy regulations. None of the leading Net ZEB examples exist without generation of PV electricity. Trends give an outlook of current and possible future combinations of technologies and passive measures for the realization of (future) net zero energy buildings

Topic modeling applied to business research: A latent dirichlet allocation (LDA)-based classification for organization studies

More than 1.5 million academic documents are published each year, and this trend shows an incremental tendency for the following years. One of the main challenges for the academic community is how to organize this huge volume of documentation to have a sense of the knowledge frontier. In this study we applied Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) techniques to identify primary topics in organization studies, and analyzed the relationships between academic impact and belonging to the topics detected by LDA