An Innovative Approach of High Performance CMOS Based Current Conveyor-II for ASP Applications

The main purpose of the paper is to present a CMOS current conveyor circuit which is best suited for the implementation of low- voltage, low-power and high bandwidth circuits. To achieve the bandwidth of current transfer function the circuit can be operated for a power supply of fraction of volt which is of MHz range and a power consumption of milli-watt range. Firstly, a class A current conveyor circuit operating from a single supply of fraction of volt having a high voltage swing capability is discussed and then the same circuit is modi#64257ed to work as a class AB with a low voltage power supply in the fraction of volt range, while maintaining the same voltage swing capability. The body effect causes the threshold voltage variation and the current circuit realization is insensitive to it, which minimizes the layout area and makes both the circuits a valuable addition to the analog signal processing applications. The proposed structure has the required performance in terms of a bandwidth with level 3 CMOS technology and it operates as a linear circuit which is established with the help of 0.3 microm simulation using the PSpice software. In the field of analog signal processing this proposed current conveyor circuit has many applications. At 0.2microm the proposed circuit operates satisfactorily with high performance with the desired applications. The desired properties and the performance of the proposed circuit are confirmed by the PSpice simulation with the modeled parameters

A life threatening secondary postpartum haemorrhage due to AV malformation of uterus: a missed diagnosis

In current practice, the incidence of c section and other pelvic surgeries has been risen steadily worldwide, so is the complications of surgeries one such rare complication is "AV malformation". The classical presentation of uterine AVM is recurrent profuse vaginal bleeding. Presence of retained product of conception can cause diagnostic dilemma and clinical presentation could be similar. We presented a case report of 19 year old primigravida with secondary post-partum hemorrhage, 1 month following caesarean section. USG shows RPOC so patient was managed conservatively and discharge. Again she had massive bleeding per vaginum on Post LSCS day 57, was re-admitted, as the patient was hemodynamically unstable to save her life hysterectomy was performed, patient  condition improved and was discharged successfully but at the cost of her fertility. HPR showed ‘vascular lesions in lower uterine segment’. Uterine AVM could present in a variety of ways from asymptomatic to periodic or episodic vaginal bleeding or secondary PPH to life threatening torrential vaginal bleeding. The proper diagnosis of AVM is crucial because the primary treatment modalities for the alternative diagnosis of RPOC is dilation and curettage that can worsen the condition. In past AVM were difficult to diagnose. However, availability of Doppler USG scanning has made diagnosis of AVM more feasible. Prompt resuscitation, a high index of suspicion and timely treatment is essential for avoiding a catastrophic outcome in this situation

SmartSat Constellation - A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach for Decentralized Coordination

With rapid advancements in satellite technology, the amount of low earth orbit satellites has grown significantly which are primarily deployed for weather monitoring, earth observation or military purposes. Due to this reason, there has been an increased interest in enhancing the level of autonomy and cognition, onboard satellites to achieve optimal data collection. Optimal data is said to be collected when the satellites in a small sat constellation work together to collect information. This means that even if one of the satellites has missed out on some important information, the others can still collect them. A satellite constellation can be considered as a multi-agent reinforcement learning system. Having these agents coordinate with one another, can reduce the amount of time required to perform a task. The state-of-the-art satellite constellations follow a centralized coordination mechanism in which one primary satellite controls the rest of the satellites. This process is computationally more expensive and requires substantial communication between the satellites.It has a single point of failure and communication might be affected if the primary satellite fails. On the other hand, decentralized coordination allows agents to control their behavior themselves without the command of a supervised master. In this case, there is less inter-satellite communication which reduces the requirement for specialized onboard computational hardware. The proposal constitutes leveraging the Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient [2] (MADDPG) algorithm to train the agents (satellites) to achieve optimal data collection. There are multiple use cases for the proposed solution such as illegal maritime activity tracking, natural disaster detection and assessing building damage after a natural disaster. The proposed solution focuses on tracking of ships in an extensively simulated environment for which a custom ship environment was created by leveraging OpenAI Gym [12]. By providing on-board autonomy, we aim to reduce frequent Earth Station (ES) communication significantly and enhance data collection capability

Seismic Vulnerability and Post-Event Actions for Texas Bridge Infrastructure

0-6916The research investigates the seismic vulnerability of bridges in Texas by characterizing seismic hazards in the State, developing computational tools to estimate the likelihood of seismic damage to various bridge types, and providing the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) tools to inform post-earthquake response planning and decision-making

Engineering ground motion characteristics and site characterization for earthquakes in Texas

The level of induced seismicity has been on an increase since 2009 in the states of Oklahoma, Kansas and Texas. Understanding the engineering characteristics of the ground motions from induced earthquakes in Central and Eastern North America (CENA) helps one to understand the potential for these earthquakes to cause damage. In particular, it is important to understand the ground shaking characteristics for moderate events that may cause infrastructure damage. Seismicity across the broader CENA region is also investigated for ground shaking due to the lesser frequency of moderate events in these states. Seven earthquakes of magnitude 5 and greater have happened in the CENA region in the preceding 70 years. This research studies the engineering characteristics of earthquake shaking from these events in terms of intensity, frequency content and duration from these seven earthquakes. In 2016, two moderate sized earthquakes occurred in Oklahoma, the Pawnee (M=5.8) and the Cushing (M=5.0) earthquakes. For the first time, earthquake motions within 10 km of an M~5 earthquake were recorded in CENA. In this study, all the earthquake motions recorded for these seven earthquakes within 400 km are analyzed in terms of: peak ground acceleration, spectral acceleration at 0.3 s and 1.0 s, peak ground velocity, Arias intensity, mean period, and duration. This study also examines the applicability of the P-wave seismogram method to estimate V [subscript S30] at stations in Texas and Oklahoma. The P-wave seismogram method was utilized to compute V [subscript S30] at 65 seismic stations and is combined with P-wave seismogram estimates from Zalachoris et al. (2017) to investigate V [subscript S30] across Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. The near-field recordings from the Cushing earthquake are particularly interesting, with peak ground accelerations as large as 0.25 to 0.6 g. However, these motions did not have significant energy at longer periods. The results from this study indicates the unique characteristics of near-field motions from potentially induced earthquakes in CENA (large PGA, smaller PGV, short duration), which influences the potential for damage to be induced during these events. Site-specific evaluation of the V [subscript S30] estimates from the P-wave seismogram approach with the help of limited in-situ measurements is also performed.Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineerin

Assessing the impact of institutions on economic growth in the BRICS countries

This study examines the impact of institutional quality on economic performance in the BRICS countries for the period from 2002 to 2019. The panel data study was estimated using pooled OLS and a fixed effect model. The study employed six institutional quality indicators (Worldwide Governance Indicators) which included voice and accountability, political stability and absence of violence/terrorism, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, and control of corruption. The study also controlled for conventional sources of growth, i.e. human capital, physical capital, government expenditure, and inflation. All of these factors were positive and significant in our study. The findings also reveal that government effectiveness, regulatory quality and control of corruption had a positive and significant impact on economic growth in the BRICS countries, whereas other institutional variables turned out to be insignificant

Physico-Chemical Analysis of Developed Rice Beer from Oryza sativa

Aim: Medicinal plants and their extracts represent a rich source of crude medications that possess therapeutic properties. Physico-chemical properties of two different rice varieties (Jandhan and Sugapankhi) of North India collected from Uttar Pradesh and a starter culture cake collected from Arunachal Pradesh used in the process of rice beer preparation were analyzed. This study evaluates the development of rice beer from Oryza sativa and physico-chemical analysis of developed rice beer. Study Design: The present study was conducted in 3 phases- Collection of raw materials Production of rice beer Physico-chemical analysis of developed rice beer Place and Duration of the Study: The present study was conducted in the Department of Food and Nutrition of Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow. The duration of the study is 3 months i.e. from Jan, 2023 - March, 2023. Methodology: Rice beer was developed in the laboratory under optimum conditions through fermentation followed by filtration and distillation. Collection of the raw materials was done from the local markets of North India and North-east, India. In the present study we have compared physico-chemical properties between two rice varieties i.e. Jandhan and Sugapankhi. Results: Various physico-chemical parameters (pH, TSS, total acidity, volatile acidity, turbidity, and alcohol content) of rice beer were determined. The pH decreased with storage time, and acidic pH was noted for the beer in ambient storage. An increase with time in the total acidity, volatile acidity, and alcohol % of rice beer was observed. The final recorded alcohol % value of rice beer was in the range of 8-10%. The alcohol content increased throughout the storage. Statistical analysis was performed for comparison between the two samples of rice. Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from the starter culture cake was found to be the major organism responsible for rice beer fermentation. Conclusion: The preparation of rice beer needs scientific input for increasing its shelf-life and value addition for its marketing and improving its shelf-life for better quality and acceptability