Linear regression analysis of the complexity parameters on age at REST.

<p>NCI_HP^MB, NCI_HP^LP, NCI_HP^CE = normalized complexity index of HP series derived from MB, LP and CE approaches respectively; NCI_SAP^MB, NCI_SAP^LP, NCI_SAP^CE = normalized complexity index of SAP series derived from MB, LP and CE approaches respectively; NCI_RESP^MB, NCI_RESP^LP, NCI_RESP^CE = normalized complexity index of RESP series derived from MB, LP and CE approaches respectively; r = Pearson product-moment or Spearman rank order correlation coefficient; Yes/No = the variable is/is not significantly related to age with p<0.05.</p

Linear regression analysis of the causality parameters on age at REST.

<p>CR_SAP→HP^MB, CR_SAP→HP^LP, CR_SAP→HP^CE = causality ratio from SAP to HP series derived from MB, LP and CE approaches; CR_HP→SAP^MB, CR_HP→SAP^LP, CR_HP→SAP^CE = causality ratio from HP to SAP series derived from MB, LP and CE approaches; CR_RESP→HP^MB, CR_RESP→HP^LP CR_RESP→HP^CE = causality ratio from RESP to HP series derived from MB, LP and CE approaches; CR_RESP→SAP^MB, CR_RESP→SAP^LP CR_RESP→SAP^CE = causality ratio from RESP to SAP series derived from MB, LP and CE approaches; CR_HP→RESP^MB, CR_HP→RESP^LP, CR_HP→RESP^CE = causality ratio from HP to RESP series derived from MB, LP and CE approaches; CR_SAP→RESP^MB, CR_SAP→RESP^LP CR_SAP→RESP^CE = causality ratio from SAP to RESP series derived from MB, LP and CE approaches; r = Pearson product-moment or Spearman rank order correlation coefficient; Yes/No = the variable is/is not significantly related to age with p<0.05.</p

Comparison of the MB, LP and CE approaches.

<p>Grouped bar-graphs show the mean (plus standard deviation) of the optimal model order, p^o, leading to the minimum of the Akaike figure of merit according to the MB approach (white bar) and of the number of components, q^o, utilized to build the optimal multivariate embedding space leading to smallest unpredictability according to the LP method (gray bar) and to the minimal amount of information according to the CE technique (black bar). p^o and q^o are shown as a function of the experimental condition (i.e. REST and STAND) and values are pooled together regardless of age. The designated effect series are HP, SAP and RESP in (a), (b) and (c) respectively. The symbols ^# indicates a significant difference with p<0.05 within the same experimental condition (i.e. REST or STAND) while varying the method. The symbols ^* indicates a significant difference with p<0.05 within the method while varying the experimental condition.</p

Linear regression analysis of the complexity parameters on age during STAND.

<p>NCI_HP^MB, NCI_HP^LP, NCI_HP^CE = normalized complexity index of HP series derived from MB, LP and CE approaches respectively; NCI_SAP^MB, NCI_SAP^LP, NCI_SAP^CE = normalized complexity index of SAP series derived from MB, LP and CE approaches respectively; NCI_RESP^MB, NCI_RESP^LP, NCI_RESP^CE = normalized complexity index of RESP series derived from MB, LP and CE approaches respectively; r = Pearson product-moment or Spearman rank order correlation coefficient; Yes/No = the variable is/is not significantly related to age with p<0.05.</p

Time domain indexes derived from HP and QT series in the BBoff-BBon protocol.

<p>μ_HP  =  HP mean; σ²_HP  =  HP variance; μ_QT  =  QT mean; σ²_QT  =  QT variance; BBoff  =  off beta-blocker therapy; BBon  =  on beta-blocker therapy; ASYMP  =  asymptomatic group; SYMP  =  symptomatic group. Results are reported as mean ± standard deviation. The symbol ^* indicates p<0.05 within the same group (i.e. ASYMP or SYMP) versus BBoff. The symbol ^# indicates p<0.05 within the same therapy (i.e. BBoff or BBon) versus ASYMP subjects.</p

RMSE at long time scales over HP and QT series.

<p>RMSE mean (plus standard deviation) assessed at long time scales (i.e. τ = 5–12) over HP series, RMSE_{HP,τ = 5–12} (a,c,e), and QT series, RMSE_{QT,τ = 5–12} (b,d,f), is shown as a function of the experimental protocol. RMSE_{HP,τ = 5–12} and RMSE_{QT,τ = 5–12} are depicted as a function of the group of subjects in the NMC-MC protocol in (a) and (b) respectively, as a function of the period of analysis in the DAY-NIGHT protocol in (c) and (d) respectively, and as a function of the therapy in the BBoff-BBon protocol in (e) and (f) respectively. The gray, dark and white bars are relevant to NMC, ASYMP and SYMP individuals, respectively. The symbol * indicates a significant difference between experimental conditions (i.e. DAY versus NIGHT, BBoff versus BBon) within the same group with p<0.05. The symbol ^# indicates a significant difference between groups within the same experimental conditions (i.e. DAY, NIGHT, BBoff or BBon) with p<0.05.</p

Time domain indexes derived from HP and QT series in the NMC-MC protocol.

<p>μ_HP  =  HP mean; σ²_HP  =  HP variance; μ_QT  =  QT mean; σ²_QT  =  QT variance; NMC  =  non mutation carrier group; ASYMP  =  asymptomatic group; SYMP  =  symptomatic group. Results are reported as mean ± standard deviation. The symbol ^§ indicates p<0.05 versus NMC individuals. The symbol ° indicates p<0.05 versus ASYMP subjects.</p

Time domain indexes derived from HP and QT series in the DAY-NIGHT protocol.

<p>μ_HP  =  HP mean; σ²_HP  =  HP variance; μ_QT  =  QT mean; σ²_QT  =  QT variance; DAY  =  daytime; NIGHT  =  nighttime; ASYMP  =  asymptomatic group; SYMP  =  symptomatic group. Results are reported as mean ± standard deviation. The symbol * indicates p<0.05 within the same group (i.e. ASYMP or SYMP) versus DAY. The symbol ^# indicates p<0.05 within the same period of analysis (i.e. DAY or NIGHT) versus ASYMP subjects.</p

Comparison between RMSE indexes derived from HP and QT series.

<p>RMSE mean (plus standard deviation) assessed at short time scale (i.e. τ = 1), RMSE_τ = 1 (a,d,g), at medium time scales (i.e. τ = 2–4), RMSE_{τ = 2–4} (b,e,h), and at long time scales (i.e. τ = 5–12), RMSE_{τ = 5–12}, (c,f,i) is shown as a function of the time series (i.e. HP and QT). RMSE_τ = 1, RMSE_{τ = 2–4}, and RMSE_{τ = 5–12} were obtained by pooling RMSE values computed BBoff during DAY (a,b,c), BBoff during NIGHT in (d,e,f), and BBon during DAY (g,h,i), The symbols § and ° indicate a significant difference with p<0.001 and p<0.05 respectively.</p

RMSE at short time scale over HP and QT series.

<p>RMSE mean (plus standard deviation) assessed at short time scale (i.e. τ = 1) over HP series, RMSE_{HP,τ = 1} (a,c,e), and QT series, RMSE_{QT,τ = 1} (b,d,f), is shown as a function of the experimental protocol. RMSE_{HP,τ = 1} and RMSE_{QT,τ = 1} are depicted as a function of the group of subjects in the NMC-MC protocol in (a) and (b) respectively, as a function of the period of analysis in the DAY-NIGHT protocol in (c) and (d) respectively, and as a function of the therapy in the BBoff-BBon protocol in (e) and (f) respectively. The gray, dark and white bars are relevant to NMC, ASYMP and SYMP individuals, respectively. The symbols * indicates a significant difference between experimental conditions (i.e. DAY versus NIGHT, BBoff versus BBon) within the same group with p<0.05.</p