54 research outputs found
Probiotic Administration Increases Amino Acid Absorption from Plant Protein: a Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter, Crossover Study
The fate of dietary protein in the gut is determined by microbial and host digestion and utilization. Fermentation of
proteins generates bioactive molecules that have wide-ranging health effects on the host. The type of protein can
affect amino acid absorption, with animal proteins generally being more efficiently absorbed compared with plant
proteins. In contrast to animal proteins, most plant proteins, such as pea protein, are incomplete proteins. Pea protein
is low in methionine and contains lower amounts of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which play a crucial role
in muscle health. We hypothesized that probiotic supplementation results in favorable changes in the gut microbiota,
aiding the absorption of amino acids from plant proteins by the host. Fifteen physically active men (24.2 \ub1 5.0 years;
85.3 \ub1 12.9 kg; 178.0 \ub1 7.6 cm; 16.7 \ub1 5.8% body fat) co-ingested 20 g of pea protein with either AminoAlta\u2122, a
multi-strain probiotic (5 billion CFU L. paracasei LP-DG\uae (CNCM I-1572) plus 5 billion CFU L. paracasei LPCS01 (DSM 26760), SOFAR S.p.A., Italy) or a placebo for 2 weeks in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design,
separated by a 4-week washout period. Blood samples were taken at baseline and at 30-, 60-, 120-, and 180-min
post-ingestion and analyzed for amino acid content. Probiotic administration significantly increased methionine,
histidine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, tyrosine, total BCAA, and total EAA maximum concentrations (Cmax) and
AUC without significantly changing the time to reach maximum concentrations. Probiotic supplementation can be an
important nutritional strategy to improve post-prandial changes in blood amino acids and to overcome compositional
shortcomings of plant proteins. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: ISRCTN3890378
Open Issues on the Synthesis of Evolved Stellar Populations at Ultraviolet Wavelengths
In this paper we briefly review three topics that have motivated our (and
others') investigations in recent years within the context of evolutionary
population synthesis techniques. These are: The origin of the FUV up-turn in
elliptical galaxies, the age-metallicity degeneracy, and the study of the
mid-UV rest-frame spectra of distant red galaxies. We summarize some of our
results and present a very preliminary application of a UV grid of theoretical
spectra in the analysis of integrated properties of aged stellar populations.
At the end, we concisely suggest how these topics can be tackled once the World
Space Observatory enters into operation in the midst of this decade.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space
Science, UV Universe special issu
Active Brownian Particles. From Individual to Collective Stochastic Dynamics
We review theoretical models of individual motility as well as collective
dynamics and pattern formation of active particles. We focus on simple models
of active dynamics with a particular emphasis on nonlinear and stochastic
dynamics of such self-propelled entities in the framework of statistical
mechanics. Examples of such active units in complex physico-chemical and
biological systems are chemically powered nano-rods, localized patterns in
reaction-diffusion system, motile cells or macroscopic animals. Based on the
description of individual motion of point-like active particles by stochastic
differential equations, we discuss different velocity-dependent friction
functions, the impact of various types of fluctuations and calculate
characteristic observables such as stationary velocity distributions or
diffusion coefficients. Finally, we consider not only the free and confined
individual active dynamics but also different types of interaction between
active particles. The resulting collective dynamical behavior of large
assemblies and aggregates of active units is discussed and an overview over
some recent results on spatiotemporal pattern formation in such systems is
given.Comment: 161 pages, Review, Eur Phys J Special-Topics, accepte
Recommended from our members
Energetic particle influence on the Earth's atmosphere
This manuscript gives an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the effects of energetic particle precipitation (EPP) onto the whole atmosphere, from the lower thermosphere/mesosphere through the stratosphere and troposphere, to the surface. The paper summarizes the different sources and energies of particles, principally
galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), solar energetic particles (SEPs) and energetic electron precipitation (EEP). All the proposed mechanisms by which EPP can affect the atmosphere
are discussed, including chemical changes in the upper atmosphere and lower thermosphere, chemistry-dynamics feedbacks, the global electric circuit and cloud formation. The role of energetic particles in Earth’s atmosphere is a multi-disciplinary problem that requires expertise from a range of scientific backgrounds. To assist with this synergy, summary tables are provided, which are intended to evaluate the level of current knowledge of the effects of energetic particles on processes in the entire atmosphere
Dense Stellar Populations: Initial Conditions
This chapter is based on four lectures given at the Cambridge N-body school
"Cambody". The material covered includes the IMF, the 6D structure of dense
clusters, residual gas expulsion and the initial binary population. It is aimed
at those needing to initialise stellar populations for a variety of purposes
(N-body experiments, stellar population synthesis).Comment: 85 pages. To appear in The Cambridge N-body Lectures, Sverre Aarseth,
Christopher Tout, Rosemary Mardling (eds), Lecture Notes in Physics Series,
Springer Verla
A Paradigm for Quantitative Cross-Cultural Research in Organizational Behavior
This is the 16th volume in an annual series of reviews of research in organizational behaviour. This volume covers such topics as the physical environment of work setting; genetics, twins and organizational behaviour; and top management groups
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