Matematyczne modelowanie mocowań przy przesunięciu ładunku w poprzecznym kierunku wagonu

The article has considered the situation when the mechanical system "wagon - fastening - cargo" is influenced by transverse and vertical forces. It has given the results of mathematical modeling construction of cargo in wagon running on the curve section of track. It has stated the conclusion of analytical formula of cargo displacement transverse to wagon and tension in fastening from exposure to transverse and vertical forces

Modelowanie ładunku ze złożonym kształtem, rozmieszczonego w wagonie towarowym

The article gives the account of the results of calculation of stretches in flexible resilient elements of fastenings on the lower, inaccessible for pretwisting, irregular shape cargo section transported in an open wagon, depending upon initial value of wire pretwisting between excessive bends in cargo upper sections

Generalized mathematical model of fastening technology of cargo with pads jointly with flexible and thrust elements under the action of spatial force system

The article gives an account of the results of the constructed generalized mathematical model of fixation of cargo with pads jointly with flexible and thrust fas-tening elements. Developed for the first time the generalized mathematical model of collat-eral fixation of cargo with padding by flexible and thrust elements made it possible to iden-tify the conditions providing workability of thrust bars together with pre twisted fastening wires and cargo pads. It should be emphases that it is only when these conditions are not fulfilled that elastic forces of flexible fastening elements are engaged in work on retaining cargo from shifting. The distinguishing characteristics of generalized model under the action of spatial force system as compared to specific models is manifested in its ability to provide workability of flexible fastening elements together with thrust bars and cargo pads according to the criterion of normative value of longitudinal (or lateral) load on a fastening component and allowable pressing tension of the most loaded of the used pads. The investigation results concerning cargo transported by and unprovided for in Specification [3] are now available for researchers and can be looked upon as a new stage in the development of this problem

Modelowanie analityczne przesunięcia ładunku w wagonie i napięcia mocowań

The article deals with the conclusions of analytical modeling cargoes displacement relative wagon and tension in fastening on exposure to spatial system of forces

Working out of generalized dynamic model of cargo fixation with cargo pads jointly with flexible and thrust elements under the action spatial force system

The article gives an account of the results of working out a generalized dynamic model of fixation of cargo with pads jointly with flexible and thrust elements. Working out a generalized dynamic model of cargo fixation is rather a complicated problem not in the sense of solving differential equations systems but in the sense of presenting them as a complex mechanical system “cargo – pads – flexible elements – thrust bars”. Generalized dynamic model of cargo with pads observed that this model represents technology of joint work of flexible and thrust fastening means of cargo on rolling stock. In particular, on the basis of this model there can be obtained the technology models of joint work of flexible and elastic fastening means of cargo without pads of fastening flexible elements of cargo with pads without thrust bars and also flexible fastening elements of cargo without pads and thrust bars at asymmetrical and/or symmetrical allocation of cargo in the wagon. A specific feature (novelty feature) of the proposed dynamic model is inclusion into the model of both cargo pads and thrust bars which are nailed to the wagon floor close to the butt and lateral sides of cargo

Model to calculate the optimal mode of train locomotives turnover

A model to calculate the optimal work modes of train locomotives while serving train flows is proposed. The model is a further development of the dynamic transportation problem. Parameters of train movement and locomotive utilization are published. Both locomotive turnover and train schedules are produced. Useful utilization of locomotives increases from 70% to 90–95%. This allows the reduction of several thousands of train locomotives

Adaptive Learning Systems: Theory and Practice

Adaptive systems allow to take into account the individual features of operators, the level of development and the features of training throughout the entire learning process. These training systems assume the possibility of managing the assimilation not only of the final results achieved, but also of the pre-determined parameters of the process that determine its conditions. To implement the adaptive learning process, two factors are necessary. First, a method of measuring the rate of adaptation of the operator is necessary in order to regulate the diversity of the stimulus sequence, and, secondly, a method of organizing this diversity is necessary. For purposeful adaptation, we first used the rate of change of the correct answer criterion as an index of the rate of adaptation and, secondly, the variation in the degree of simplification with variation in the diversity of the stimulus sequence was identified. On the path of introducing adaptive learning systems, a number of difficulties and limitations arise that are analyzed in the report. The exposition of the theory of adaptive learning is made in close connection with practical implementation by the example of the adaptive system developed by us for studying the individual features of the sensory-perceptual characteristics of a person and forming at him the skill of perceptive identification of a useful signal under interference conditions. There is no doubt that this model can be used to form the entire range of structured skills. In support of this, the report examines the adaptive intelligent simulator that we created to train the traffic control staff, including the study of technology, the possibilities of the road development scheme and options for implementing control solutions. Full skill includes these components of the skill: the reception of trains, departure, disbanding, formation, freight work. In conclusion, we note the advantages that the use of adaptive training systems in simulators gives, and which have been confirmed in our experimental work with the adaptive intelligent simulator. The experiments were carried out according to the standard scheme: the experimental group worked with an adaptive intellectual simulator, and the control group worked in a traditional way on conventional simulators. Groups were formed from management students of 12 people each. 1 A significant (twofold) reduction in the time of formation of the skill (3 sessions of 45 minutes in the experimental group versus 6 sessions in the control group). 2 The strength of the skill of operators trained with the use of an adaptive learning system is significantly higher than with traditional training. 3 Adaptive self-organizing system allows to provide equally strong formation of all the sub-skills included in the structured skill. The strength of the skill and the components of the skill included in it was defined as the permissible duration of the break between training, which was 15 days in the experimental group versus 7 days in the control group). The time of formation, the strength of the skill and the sub-skills included in it were then used to compile a mathematical model that will allow us to analyze the processes of acquiring, losing and restoring the skills of error-free work when using adaptive learning systems