Molecular investigation of isolates from a multistate polymicrobial outbreak associated with contaminated total parenteral nutrition in Brazil

Background: Between November 2013 and June 2014, 56 cases of bacteremia (15 deaths) associated with the use of Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) and/or calcium gluconate (CG) were reported in four Brazilian states. Methods: We analyzed 73 bacterial isolates from four states: 45 from blood, 25 from TPN and three from CG, originally identified as Acinetobacter baumannii, Rhizobium radiobacter, Pantoea sp. or Enterobacteriaceae using molecular methods. Results: The first two bacterial species were confirmed while the third group of species could not be identified using standard identification protocols. These isolates were subsequently identified by Multi-Locus Sequence Analysis as Phytobacter diazotrophicus, a species related to strains from similar outbreaks in the United States in the 1970’s. Within each species, TPN and blood isolates proved to be clonal, whereas the R. radiobacter isolates retrieved from CG were found to be unrelated. Conclusion: This is the first report of a three-species outbreak caused by TPN contaminated with A. baumannii, R. radiobacter and P. diazotrophicus. The concomitant presence of clonal A. baumannii and P. diazotrophicus isolates in several TPN and blood samples, as well as the case of one patient, where all three different species were isolated simultaneously, suggest that the outbreak may be ascribed to a discrete contamination of TPN. In addition, this study highlights the clinical relevance of P. diazotrophicus, which has been involved in outbreaks in the past, but was often misidentified as P. agglomerans

Molecular and serological characterization of Leptospira kirschneri serogroup Pomona isolated from a human case in a Brazilian rural area

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-11-30T11:27:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 juliana_vitalbrasil_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 1011010 bytes, checksum: 4ea03b48249a25f91b3c7a098c03779d (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-11-30T11:35:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 juliana_vitalbrasil_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 1011010 bytes, checksum: 4ea03b48249a25f91b3c7a098c03779d (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-30T11:35:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 juliana_vitalbrasil_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 1011010 bytes, checksum: 4ea03b48249a25f91b3c7a098c03779d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Zoonoses Bacterianas. Centro de Referência Nacional para Leptospirose. World Health Organization/Pan American Health Organization. Centro Colaborador para Leptospirose - Coleção de Leptospira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil..Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Zoonoses Bacterianas. Centro de Referência Nacional para Leptospirose. World Health Organization/Pan American Health Organization. Centro Colaborador para Leptospirose - Coleção de Leptospira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil..Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Zoonoses Bacterianas. Centro de Referência Nacional para Leptospirose. World Health Organization/Pan American Health Organization. Centro Colaborador para Leptospirose - Coleção de Leptospira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil..Fundação Estadual de Produção e Pesquisa em Saúde. Instituto de Pesquisas Biológicas. Laboratório Central. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil..Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Zoonoses Bacterianas. Centro de Referência Nacional para Leptospirose. World Health Organization/Pan American Health Organization. Centro Colaborador para Leptospirose - Coleção de Leptospira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil..Leptospirosis is an important health concern in Brazil. Currently, information on the epidemiology of the disease in the rural areas of the country is lacking

A One Health Approach to Investigating Leptospira Serogroups and Their Spatial Distributions among Humans and Animals in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2013–2015

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-05-02T17:29:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MaraMaria_Pereira_etal_IOC_2019.pdf: 5030678 bytes, checksum: 98d0cf71c9cead23345f85bbaeba1c3d (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-05-02T17:42:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MaraMaria_Pereira_etal_IOC_2019.pdf: 5030678 bytes, checksum: 98d0cf71c9cead23345f85bbaeba1c3d (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-05-02T17:42:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MaraMaria_Pereira_etal_IOC_2019.pdf: 5030678 bytes, checksum: 98d0cf71c9cead23345f85bbaeba1c3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019Pan American Health Organization. Washington, DC, USA.North Carolina State University. College of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Population Health and Pathobiology. Raleigh, NC, USA.Secretaria de Agricultura do Rio Grande do Sul. Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor. Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brasil.Pan American Health Organization. Washington, DC, USA.University of Minnesota. School of Public Health. Division of Environmental Health Sciences. Minneapolis, USA.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Centro Colaborador da OMS para Leptospirose. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Centro Estadual de Vigilância Ambiental.. Laboratório Central do Estado Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Centro Estadual de Vigilância de Saúde, Laboratório Central do Estado Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil,Pan American Health Organization. Washington, DC, USA.Leptospirosis is an endemic zoonotic disease in Brazil and is widespread throughout rural populations in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. This study aimed to identify presumptive infecting Leptospira serogroups in human and animal cases and describe their occurrences within the ecoregions of the state by animal species. Data for human and animal leptospirosis cases were gathered from the government’s passive surveillance systems and presumptive infecting serogroups were identified based on a two-fold titer difference in serogroups in the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) panel. A total of 22 different serogroups were reported across both human and animal cases. Serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae was the most common among humans, while serogroup Sejroe predominated among animal cases, particularly bovines. Each ecoregion had a large distribution of cases, with 51% of the human cases in the Parana–Paraiba ecoregion, and 81% of the animal cases in the Savannah ecoregion. Identifying and mapping the serogroups circulating using the One Health approach is the first step for further understanding the distribution of the disease in the state. This study has the potential to aid in guiding public health and agricultural practices, furthering the need for a human vaccine in high-risk populations to complement control and prevention efforts

A One Health Approach to Investigating <i>Leptospira</i> Serogroups and Their Spatial Distributions among Humans and Animals in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2013–2015

Leptospirosis is an endemic zoonotic disease in Brazil and is widespread throughout rural populations in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. This study aimed to identify presumptive infecting Leptospira serogroups in human and animal cases and describe their occurrences within the ecoregions of the state by animal species. Data for human and animal leptospirosis cases were gathered from the government&#8217;s passive surveillance systems and presumptive infecting serogroups were identified based on a two-fold titer difference in serogroups in the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) panel. A total of 22 different serogroups were reported across both human and animal cases. Serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae was the most common among humans, while serogroup Sejroe predominated among animal cases, particularly bovines. Each ecoregion had a large distribution of cases, with 51% of the human cases in the Parana&#8315;Paraiba ecoregion, and 81% of the animal cases in the Savannah ecoregion. Identifying and mapping the serogroups circulating using the One Health approach is the first step for further understanding the distribution of the disease in the state. This study has the potential to aid in guiding public health and agricultural practices, furthering the need for a human vaccine in high-risk populations to complement control and prevention efforts

Isolation of NDM-producing Providencia rettgeri in Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-07T18:53:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) anapaula_assef_etal_IOC_2013.pdf: 76205 bytes, checksum: 4451c324cce222929e213c59f9c4805e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infecção Hospitalar (LAPIH), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infecção Hospitalar (LAPIH), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes. Departamento de Bioquímica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infecção Hospitalar (LAPIH), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infecção Hospitalar (LAPIH), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Estadual de Produção e Pesquisa em Saúde (FEPPS IPB-LACEN-RS). Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infecção Hospitalar (LAPIH), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Molecular investigation of isolates from a multistate polymicrobial outbreak associated with contaminated total parenteral nutrition in Brazil

Background: Between November 2013 and June 2014, 56 cases of bacteremia (15 deaths) associated with the use of Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) and/or calcium gluconate (CG) were reported in four Brazilian states. Methods: We analyzed 73 bacterial isolates from four states: 45 from blood, 25 from TPN and three from CG, originally identified as Acinetobacter baumannii, Rhizobium radiobacter, Pantoea sp. or Enterobacteriaceae using molecular methods. Results: The first two bacterial species were confirmed while the third group of species could not be identified using standard identification protocols. These isolates were subsequently identified by Multi-Locus Sequence Analysis as Phytobacter diazotrophicus, a species related to strains from similar outbreaks in the United States in the 1970’s. Within each species, TPN and blood isolates proved to be clonal, whereas the R. radiobacter isolates retrieved from CG were found to be unrelated. Conclusion: This is the first report of a three-species outbreak caused by TPN contaminated with A. baumannii, R. radiobacter and P. diazotrophicus. The concomitant presence of clonal A. baumannii and P. diazotrophicus isolates in several TPN and blood samples, as well as the case of one patient, where all three different species were isolated simultaneously, suggest that the outbreak may be ascribed to a discrete contamination of TPN. In addition, this study highlights the clinical relevance of P. diazotrophicus, which has been involved in outbreaks in the past, but was often misidentified as P. agglomerans