Chronic respiratory pathology and life quality of the adolescents living in industrial centers

At present the pathology of laryngeal and respiratory organs is known to prevail in the structure of the child and adolescent morbidity in the industrial centers of the northern and eastern regions of the country and their proportion reaches 70 %. The disease symptoms of the respiratory tracts (the obstacle nose, discomfort and throat tickling as well as the hoarseness) and especially their complications may lead to the decrease in the life quality of children and adolescents. Taking into account that at present time it is impossible to remove technogenic air pollution totally, the complex studies on revealing the unfavorable factors, which may influence the organisms of the children and adolescents, are known to be the prior task of the preventive medicine. The aim of the study was to examine the frequency chronic respiratory pathology and influence on the adolescents life quality of industrial centers of Irkutsk region with different levels of technogenic pollution. 410 adolescents (14-17 years) for a long time living in the regions with the different air pollution levels air with the developed oil-chemical and industries were examined. The differences in the structure of chronic respiratory pathology were revealed in the examined adolescents: under conditions of the air pollution with a complex of chemical compounds with a high Hasard Index (HI = 17) the respiratory diseases prevail, and with the medium level (HI = 3,6) the nasal diseases prevail. It was found that that about 12,6 % of the morbidity variability in the category of the respiratory organs, in particular the throat pathology in the teenagers may be correlated with the air pollution. The more significant factors of forming the chronic respiratory pathology were found to be the health state, characterized by the laboratory indices (common microbial number of the nasal cavity and the pharynx; activity of lysocyme); chemical inhalation exposure; the work of the parents under harmful conditions during the period before child birth. The study results may be considered as the basis for the optimization of the approaches to the diagnostics and prevention of the respiratory pathology of adolescents

Harnessing the capabilities of spray granulation in the food industry for the production of functional foods

The article is the literature review of a current state of production technologies of powdery foodstuff, concentrates and multicomponent mixes. The need of the food industry for qualitative methods of processing of raw materials of different physical and chemical structure is noted. The authors give the reasons about need and possibility of a choice of granulation as a method of data processing of products. Physical and chemical features of granulation methods of disperse environments of various aggregate states based on the studied regularities and works of other authors are considered. The authors made the assumption of the application prospects of the method of liquid dispersion on the surface of particles in a suspended state for a granulation of foodstuff and they offered the alternative option. The possibility to use whey as binding element is considered. At the end of article authors draw the conclusion about the prospects of use of a method of dispersion of liquid on the surface of particles in a suspended state for a granulation of foodstuff

Recommendations on the textbooks creation as information and teaching tools of education management

© 2016 Ibragimov et al.The purpose of the paper is to develop recommendations for the textbooks’ creation on social and humanitarian disciplines for university students. The study involves 300 teachers, 300 students, who express their requirements for the content and structure of textbooks, participate in the creation of the project of the textbook and its assessment. The main results of the study are to identify the textbook’s functions (informational, transformational, systematizing, organizational and procedural, fixing and self-controlling, self-educational, scientific - research, integrating, coordinating, and social), to define current requirements for the structure and content of the textbook, criteria for assessing of its quality (relevance, content availability, optimality and versatility of structure, reliability). The significance of the results obtained is that the proposed content of the textbook integrates fundamental, subject and professional knowledge; the developed structure of the textbook is a systematic alternation of the texts, illustrations, apparatus to organize the mastering of knowledge (questions, assignments, examples, tasks, summarizing tables, conclusions)

Loss calculation of induction motor with ring windings by “ANSYS Maxwell”

The paper presents calculation methods for determining different loss type in electrical machine by “ANSYS Maxwell”. Authors give detailed instruction to the user for finding these parameters and describe the types of losses that are put into the program by the developers

DEGREE ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTION AND PATHOLOGY OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT IN TEENAGERS OF URBANIZED TERRITORIES OF IRKUTSK REGION

This study aimed to reveal air pollution and its influence on pathology of upper respiratory tract in teenagers of Angarsk and Sayansk. The quantitative content of chemical substances in the atmospheric air of the celitebic territory of Angarsk and Sayansk was studied based on the data of the hydro-meteorological center, the content of chemical substances in indoor air was assessed based on studying of the educational institutions. Two territories with a different pollution level were chosen to investigate in Angarsk. The higher summary risk of forming the respiratory organ pathology stipulated by the indoor air pollution and the atmospheric air with the tropic substances to the systems indicated was revealed to be in the schoolchildren in Angarsk. The studies performed in the educational school rooms have shown that on the whole the largest pollution degree was induced by the suspended substances. In the educational school rooms studied in Angarsk the increase in the hygienic normative on suspended substances was found to be in the educational classes in 43 % of samples, in the computer classes and in the sporting halls - in 44 % of samples. Sometimes the increase in the limited allowed concentration (LAC) was more than 2 times. The increase in the LAC of formaldehyde was observed to be in 13 % of samples in the educational classes. In the incidence structure according to applying for medical assistance the respiratory organ diseases were found to occupy the first place, at the same time the pathology of the upper respiratory ways prevailed in both towns. The chronic glandular and adenoid diseases as well as the allergic rhinitis were more often revealed. In comparison of the regions in Angarsk which are different in the pollution levels, it was found that the chronic pathology of the upper respiratory ways occurred 1,4 times more often in first region than in second one and 2,8 times more often than in Sayansk

PARENTAL STRESS IN THE CONTEXT REPRESENTATIONS OF ABOUT A REAL AND IDEAL PARENT

Abstracts are devoted to the problem of parental stress, the results of the study of representations about the ideal and real parent. How are they related to the level and indicators of parental stress? Significant differences were revealed between the representations of oneself as a parent and the ideal image in terms of emotional and behavioral indicators. Parental stress is interconnected with ideal representations about the manifestations and regulation of emotions, about behavioral reactions in the parental role.Тезисы посвящены проблеме родительского стресса, отражают результаты исследования представлений о идеальном и реальном родителе и их взаимосвязей с уровнем и показателями родительского стресса. Выявлены достоверные различия между представлением о себе как родителе и идеальным образом по эмоциональному и поведенческому показателям. Родительский стресс имеет взаимосвязи с идеальными представлениями о проявлениях и регуляции эмоций, о поведенческих реакциях в родительской роли.Исследование выполнено при поддержке РНФ, проект № 22-28-00678

Silicoarthritis: issues of early diagnosis, prevention

Background. The severity of the course of silicosis is aggravated by the addition of complications; one of the serious and rare complication of silicosis is silicoarthritis or Kaplan’s syndrome (KS), which accounts for 0.1-0.6% of all cases of silicosis. Silicoarthritis significantly reduces the quality of the life of patients and leads to early and persistent disability.Aim. To establish the most significant methods of diagnosing silicoarthritis for early detection of the disease and prevention of complications.Materials and methods. The article presents clinical cases of silicosis and its rare complication - SC. The basis for the diagnosis of this pathology is X-ray, immunological and functional methods.Results. In patients with more than 5 years of experience exposed to aerosols of fibrogenic action, crystalline silicon dioxide, with an excess of the MPC level from 2.3 to 4 times on the basis of MSCT of the lungs, during which multiple polymorphic foci with a diameter of 2 up to 10 mm, partly merging with each other into peribronchovascular couplings, as well as perifocal areas of reduced airiness like ground glass and thickening of the axial interstitium, a diagnosis of late silicosis, stage 2 nodular form was established, the diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy data. In dynamics, after 5 years, arthralgic complaints joined. On the basis of immunological (increased TNF-alpha, IL-1b), X-ray examination (osteoarthritis of the distal and proximal interphalangeal, wrist, metatarsophalangeal joints), the diagnosis was clarified as Silicoarthritis: Kaplan’s syndrome.Conclusion. Diagnosis of silicosis and its complications at the preclinical stage in workers who have been in contact with silica dust for 5 years or more should include: MSCT of the lungs, determination of TNF-alpha, IL-1b, rheumatoid factor, and a study of respiratory function

The using and analysis of the ANSYS software application at the course design of synchronous motors by students of "Power and electrical engineering" direction, "Elechtromechanics" profile, "Bachelor" qualification

В статье приведены результаты расчета синхронного двигателя классической конструкции в пакете ANSYS. Приведены рисунки построенной и разбитой на конечные элементы модели синхронной машины и распределения магнитного поля по различным участкам магнитной цепи электрической машины. Также дана оценка целесообразности изучения данного пакета при обучении студентов квалификации «Бакалавр» по направлению «Электромеханика».Classical design synchronous motor calculation results obtained using ANSYS package are presented in the paper. Pictures of the set and meshed model and magnetic flux distribution along various magnetic circuit areas are shown. ANSYS package studying expediency appraisal for electromechanical bachelor course is also provided

Natural Afforestation on Abandoned Agricultural Lands during Post-Soviet Period: A Comparative Landsat Data Analysis of Bordering Regions in Russia and Belarus

Remote monitoring of natural afforestation processes on abandoned agricultural lands is crucial for assessments and predictions of forest cover dynamics, biodiversity, ecosystem functions and services. In this work, we built on the general approach of combining satellite and field data for forest mapping and developed a simple and robust method for afforestation dynamics assessment. This method is based on Landsat imagery and index-based thresholding and specifically targets suitability for limited field data. We demonstrated method’s details and performance by conducting a case study for two bordering districts of Rudnya (Smolensk region, Russia) and Liozno (Vitebsk region, Belarus). This study area was selected because of the striking differences in the development of the agrarian sectors of these countries during the post-Soviet period (1991-present day). We used Landsat data to generate a consistent time series of five-year cloud-free multispectral composite images for the 1985–2020 period via the Google Earth Engine. Three spectral indices, each specifically designed for either forest, water or bare soil identification, were used for forest cover and arable land mapping. Threshold values for indices classification were both determined and verified based on field data and additional samples obtained by visual interpretation of very high-resolution satellite imagery. The developed approach was applied over the full Landsat time series to quantify 35-year afforestation dynamics over the study area. About 32% of initial arable lands and grasslands in the Russian district were afforested by the end of considered period, while the agricultural lands in Belarus’ district decreased only by around 5%. Obtained results are in the good agreement with the previous studies dedicated to the agricultural lands abandonment in the Eastern Europe region. The proposed method could be further developed into a general universally applicable technique for forest cover mapping in different growing conditions at local and regional spatial levels