A multi-reservoir model for projecting drought impacts on thermoelectric disruption risk across the Texas power grid

Thermoelectric power plants often depend on multipurpose reservoirs to supply cooling water. Although reservoirs buffer natural hydrologic variability, severe droughts can deplete storage below critical thresholds, or to levels at which the effluent water temperature exceeds the environmental compliance requirement for cooling. This study explores the effects of projected climate change and drought on water storage at 30 major reservoirs in Texas. These reservoirs collectively provide cooling water for about two thirds of thermoelectric power capacity in the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) power grid. Multi-ensemble runoff projections generated from eleven downscaled hydroclimate simulations are mapped to key watersheds to create spatially correlated multi-reservoir inflow sequences. These data are used to drive reservoir storage simulations, which are linked to a metric of “capacity-at-risk” using critical reservoir thresholds. We find that projected impacts of climate change are mixed, with results indicating an increase in the occurrence of thermal disruption under only half of climate models. A critical threshold of 30% storage volume—applied to all reservoirs—results in disruption to about one fifth of ERCOT thermal generation during the most severe projected droughts. The study highlights an important role for detailed reservoir behavior simulations for capturing the effects of drought and climate change on thermoelectric plant performance

Diamidines for human African trypanosomiasis

Aromatic diamidines are potent trypanocides. Pentamidine, a diamidine, has been used for more than 60 years to treat human African trypanosomiasis (HAT); however, the drug must be administered parenterally and is active against first-stage HAT only, prior to the parasites causing neurological deterioration through invasion of the CNS. A major research effort to design novel diamidines has led to the development of orally active prodrugs and, remarkably, a new generation of compounds that can penetrate the CNS. In this review, progress in the development of diamidines for the treatment of HAT is discusse