The effect of Aloe vera juice and acemannan on postprandial lipemic, antioxidant, and inflammatory response in high-fat meal fed overweight/obese men: A randomized crossover-controlled study

This study investigated the impact of Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) juice with acemannan on postprandial metabolic markers, antioxidant status, inflammatory responses, and appetite in overweight/obese men following high-fat (HF) meal consumption. In a randomized crossover trial with 16 participants, four meal conditions were tested: (1) HF meal, (2) HF meal with A. vera juice (350 mL), (3) HF meal with A. vera juice plus 0.5 g acemannan, and (4) HF meal with A. vera juice plus 1 g acemannan. Enriching A. vera juice with 1 g acemannan significantly reduced postprandial serum triglycerides, and free fatty acids after the HF meal (p < 0.05). Supplementing the HF meal with A. vera juice and acemannan suppressed postprandial glucose, enhanced postprandial antioxidant capacity and reduced tumor necrosis factor-α levels at 6 h (p < 0.05). Notably, the high-concentration acemannan positively influenced appetite by increasing fullness and decreasing hunger ratings. These findings suggest that acemannan enhances A. vera juice benefits in mitigating postprandial dysmetabolism

Acemannan Induced Bone Regeneration in Lateral Sinus Augmentation Based on Cone Beam Computed Tomographic and Histopathological Evaluation

Acemannan, the major polysaccharide extracted from Aloe vera, is biomaterial that has demonstrated osteoinductive effects in vitro and in vivo. However, the effect of acemannan sponges on bone formation in open-type sinus augmentation has not evaluated. Here, we report a case study using radiographic and histological analyses to investigate the effect of acemannan on bone formation after lateral sinus lift surgery. The case was a 57-year-old female patient with an atrophic left posterior maxilla who underwent lateral sinus lift using an acemannan sponge using the two-stage procedure. In the first stage, an acemannan sponge was inserted through the bony window and placed between the antral floor and the elevated sinus membrane. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were taken immediately as baseline and 6-month postoperation for evaluation. A bone core specimen was also obtained for histological examination at the time of implant placement. The histological results revealed new bone formation, and the CBCT images demonstrated increased alveolar bone height at 6-month postoperation. Our findings suggest that an acemannan sponge could be a biomaterial for inducing bone formation in sinus lift surgery

Acemannan Used as an Implantable Biomaterial for Vital Pulp Therapy of Immature Permanent Teeth Induced Continued Root Formation

Direct pulp-capping, a vital pulp therapy, is used to protect and preserve pulp vitality by applying a biomaterial on the pulp exposure site. Acemannan, a polysaccharide extracted from Aloe vera, induces osteodentin-bridge formation to cover the exposure site in vivo. We evaluated the effect of acemannan sponges on partial pulpotomized permanent teeth with caries or accident-induced pulp exposure (n = 50). After removing infected dentin and inflamed pulp tissue, the teeth were randomly divided into acemannan or control (mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) groups (n = 25). The teeth were examined immediately after treatment (baseline) and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups for clinical and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination. The three-dimensional tooth length and root apex area were simulated to determine treatment success. We found that the overall success rate in the acemannan and MTA groups from baseline to 12-month follow-up was 90.91% and 95.65%, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (p &gt; 0.05). In the success teeth in both groups, the root length increased, and the apex area significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.05), indicating continued root formation. Our results suggest that acemannan is a promising low-cost biomaterial for partial pulpotomy treatment for immature permanent teeth requiring vital pulp therapy

Ameloblastic Carcinoma in a 2-Year-Old Child: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare malignant odontogenic tumor in pediatric patients, only 22 cases have been reported in literature since 1932. We present an extremely rare case in which AC occurred in a 2-year-old girl, who had a tumor in the right mandible. Radiographic findings showed a multilocular, poorly defined, and mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion in the region of teeth #84 to #85, with bone and tooth root resorption. Computed tomography revealed buccal cortex destruction, tumor infiltration of soft tissue, and enlarged nodes. Incisional biopsy showed histomorphological features of AC. Immunohistochemical analysis exhibited a positive result for Cytokeratin (CK) 19 and overexpression of p53 and Ki67. The patient underwent right hemimandibulectomy and neck dissection. The final pathology was consistent with the initial diagnosis of AC. The patient did not exhibit signs of recurrence or metastasis within 2 years postoperatively. Given the rarity of this disease and the age of the patient, this report constitutes a valuable contribution to the current literature

Acemannan increased bone surface, bone volume, and bone density in a calvarial defect model in skeletally-mature rats

Background/purpose: Acemannan, a β-(1-4)-acetylated polymannose extracted from Aloe vera gel, has been proposed as biomaterial for bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acemannan in calvarial defect healing. Materials and methods: Acemannan was processed to freeze-dried sponge form and disinfected by UV irradiation. Thirty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the in vivo study. Seven-mm diameter mid-calvarial defects were created and randomly allocated into blood clot control (C), acemannan 1 mg (A1), 2 mg (A2), 4 mg (A4), and 8 mg (A8) groups (n = 7). After four weeks, the calvarial specimens were subjected to microcomputed tomography (microCT) and histopathological analysis. Results: MicroCT revealed a significant increase in bone surface and bone volume in the A1 and A2 groups, and tissue mineral density in the A4 and A8 groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Histologically, the acemannan-treated groups had denser bone matrix compared with the control group. Conclusion: Acemannan is an effective bioactive agent for bone regeneration, enhancing bone growth as assayed in two- and three-dimensions.status: publishe

Acemannan increased bone surface, bone volume, and bone density in a calvarial defect model in skeletally-mature rats

Background/purpose: Acemannan, a β-(1–4)-acetylated polymannose extracted from Aloe vera gel, has been proposed as biomaterial for bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acemannan in calvarial defect healing. Materials and methods: Acemannan was processed to freeze-dried sponge form and disinfected by UV irradiation. Thirty-five female Sprague–Dawley rats were used in the in vivo study. Seven-mm diameter mid-calvarial defects were created and randomly allocated into blood clot control (C), acemannan 1 mg (A1), 2 mg (A2), 4 mg (A4), and 8 mg (A8) groups (n = 7). After four weeks, the calvarial specimens were subjected to microcomputed tomography (microCT) and histopathological analysis. Results: MicroCT revealed a significant increase in bone surface and bone volume in the A1 and A2 groups, and tissue mineral density in the A4 and A8 groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Histologically, the acemannan-treated groups had denser bone matrix compared with the control group. Conclusion: Acemannan is an effective bioactive agent for bone regeneration, enhancing bone growth as assayed in two- and three-dimensions. Keywords: Acemannan, Aloe vera, Bone repair, Microcomputed tomography, Histopatholog