Protecting Vietnam’s Sovereignty in Cyberspace: Insights from Human Right Laws

In order to protect state sovereignty in cyberspace, Vietnamese law has placed restrictions on the right to online free expression. Using qualitative and empirical methods, this article examines the necessity and proportionality of these restrictions. The article finds that the language of a number of restrictive provisions appears to be more political than legal. The second reason is that vague and expansive laws may make it difficult to determine the true extent of damage in criminal prosecutions involving online expression that undermine state sovereignty. It would violate Articles 19 and 20 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. To surmount this opposition, Vietnamese lawmakers must provide a comprehensive interpretation of the relevant laws to ensure that the freedom of online expression is vitally important but must be balanced with the national interest.

Protecting Vietnam’s Sovereignty in Cyberspace: Insights from Human Right Laws

In order to protect state sovereignty in cyberspace, Vietnamese law has placed restrictions on the right to online free expression. Using qualitative and empirical methods, this article examines the necessity and proportionality of these restrictions. The article finds that the language of a number of restrictive provisions appears to be more political than legal. The second reason is that vague and expansive laws may make it difficult to determine the true extent of damage in criminal prosecutions involving online expression that undermine state sovereignty. It would violate Articles 19 and 20 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. To surmount this opposition, Vietnamese lawmakers must provide a comprehensive interpretation of the relevant laws to ensure that the freedom of online expression is vitally important but must be balanced with the national interest.

The status of invasive plants and animals in Cu Lao Cham biosphere reserve, Quang Nam province, Vietnam

The biodiversity of Cu Lao Cham Biosphere Reserve (Hoi An City, Quang Nam Province) has been faced with some passive impacts, one of which is invasion/expansion of alien species. In 2017, according to the data of GISD, CABI and the Inter-ministerial Circular No.27/2013/TTLT-BTNMT-BNNPTNT, based on filed survey conducted in May, 19 alien plant and 3 alien animal species were recorded in the biosphere reserve. Among them, 13 plant species were identified as invaders, of which details were assessed in this study; among those invader plants, 3 species were ranked at medium risk and the 10 others were ranked at low risk. All of the medium risk-invasive plant species have been appeared on the islands but one of them - siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) were not identified as impacting to the mainland of the biosphere reserve. Likewise, all of the alien animal species have been not recognized as the invasive species. In general, the impact of alien species found in the Cu Lao Cham was assessed as “Low Risk”. The impact status of invasive species in the Hoi An mainland part is more serious than the situation in the islands. Base on the results, we suggest that, five species, beggar-ticks (Bidens pilosa), coast morning glory (Ipomoea cairica) Bay Biscayne creeping-oxeye (Sphagneticola trilobata), Blue porterweed (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis) and billygoat-weed (Ageratum conyzoides) should be added in the invasive appendix of the national invasive species list while three other species as vilfa stellata (Cynodon dactylon), guava (Psidium guava) and rose myrtle (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) should be listed in the potential appendix of that list. It is necessary to conduct some survey to obtain solution to control invasive species as soon as possible to protect the biodiversity of this study area. Citation: Vu Anh Tai, Uong Dinh Khanh, Luu The Anh, Le Thi Thu Hien, 2017. The status of invasive plants and animals in Cu Lao Cham biosphere reserve, Quang Nam province, Vietnam. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(4): 434-450. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.10082.*Corresponding author: [email protected] 15 June 2017, accepted 12 December 201

Effect of deposition time on gold nanodendrite porous structure and on signals of Hg(II) in environment

The influences of deposition time (tdep) for Au nanodendrite preparation on carbon cloth electrodes on the surface structure, electrochemical behavior and voltammetric signal for Hg(II) detection have been studied. The obtained results showed that from 60 s to 300 s, the longer deposition time, the larger dendrite length as well as the more increased density of dendrite structure became. Calculated from data showed that the electroactive surface area approached to the maximum value of 3.686 cm2 with tdep = 300 s. The typical electrochemical behaviour of the prepared electrodes was mass transfer diffusion to the electrode surface and being considered as planar diffusion. Using DPASV technique, the peak height of Hg(II) could appoach to 52 µA with tdep = 60 s. Keywords. Gold nanodendrite, deposition time, surface structure, electrochemical properties, mercury

Isolation, screening antimicrobial activity and identification of fungi from marine sediments of the area Thanh Lan, Co To, Vietnam

Marine environment is rich in natural product resources, including marine microorganisms, especially fungi which are not only seen as a potential source of highly applicable bioactive substances but also can provide for science new chemical structures. The objective of this study is to isolate and screen fungal strains with antibacterial activity from the marine environment. Twenty five strains of fungi were isolated from marine sediments of Thanh Lan, Co To island and assessed on antibiotic activity against 7 tested microbial strains, including three Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Salmonella enterica ATCC13076), three Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212, Stapphylococus aureus ATCC25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 13245), and the yeast Candida albicans ATCC10231. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against the tested microorganisms was determined for the crude extracts obtained from the culture broths after ethyl acetate extraction and vacuum rotary evaporation. Three strains with the highest antimicrobial activity M26, M30 and M45 were capable of inhibiting 4 - 5 of the 7 tested microorganisms with MIC values from 64 to 256 μg/ml, depending on each tested strain. Morphological and phylogenetic investigations based on 18S rRNA gene sequences of the three selected strains showed that strains M26 and M30 belonged to the genus Penicillium, whereas strain M45 belonged to the genus Neurospora. The sequences of 18S rRNA gene of three strains M26, M30 and M45 were registered on GenBank database with accession numbers: MH673730, MH673731, MH673732, respectively. Research results showed that marine environment has a great potential in isolation of fungal strains for the search for antibacterial substances as well as other biologically active compounds

An Analytical Framework Considering the Effects of Online Teaching Quality on Student Satisfaction

COVID-19 spreads across the world in late 2019 has affected to several aspects of social life. One of the most important sectors, which face difficulties was education, thus most universities have transferred from traditional education to online education through the internet to make their academic year going. This study aims to review the effects of online teaching quality on student satisfaction, a positive attitude resulting from an evaluation of students’ online teaching experience in higher education. Through applying the SERVQUAL model to measure the effects of online teaching quality on students’ satisfaction, it can be expected to get better the online teaching quality of higher education institutions in Vietnam. Keywords: Online teaching, student satisfaction, higher education, COVID-19, educational institution. DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/13-6-08 Publication date:March 31st 202

Conditions for establishing cross-border economic zones in the North of Vietnam

The formation and development of border economic zones (BEZ) and cross-border economic zones (CBEZ) is not only an opportunity for the border regions, but also an engine for developing the supply chain and the production network as a result of border connectivity. The paper focuses on analyzing the conditions for the CBEZ in the border areas in the North of Vietnam, including Cao Bang, Lao Cai, Lang Son and Quang Ninh. There is a big difference in readiness for the establishment of the CBEZ among the four studied sites. However, connectivity needs the most improvement on all the sites, which includes both infrastructure connectivity and policy harmonization

Synthesis of new simplified hemiasterlin derivatives with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety.

International audienceIn this Letter, we report a convenient and efficient method for the synthesis of new simplified derivatives of hemiasterlin in which the α,α-dimethylbenzylic moiety A is replaced by α,β-unsaturated aryl groups as Michael acceptor. Most of these derivatives have a strong cytotoxic activity on three human tumor cell lines (KB, Hep-G2 and MCF7). Analogs 17b and 17f showed a high cytotoxicity against KB and Hep-G2 cancer cell lines comparable to paclitaxel and ellipticine

Synthesis of new bioisosteric hemiasterlin analogues with extremely high cytotoxicity

International audienceIn this article, we report a convenient and efficient method for the synthesis of new simplified derivativesof hemiasterlin in which the α,α-dimethylbenzylic moiety A is replaced by α,β-unsaturated aryl groupsas Michael acceptor. Most of these derivatives have a strong cytotoxic activity on three human tumorcell lines (KB, Hep-G2 and MCF7). Analogs 17b and 17f showed a high cytotoxicity against KB andHep-G2 cancer cell lines comparable to paclitaxel and ellipticine