Lewis and Barfield on Imagination: Part II

Contrasts Lewis’s and Barfield’s views on imagination, and its relationship to truth and knowledge

Lewis and Barfield on Imagination

Contrasts Lewis’s and Barfield’s views on imagination, and its relationship to truth and knowledge

The Spectrum of Human Nature from Anthroposophy to Radical Difference from God in Owen Barfield, C. S. Lewis, and Karl Barth

Among many achievements, Barth redefined the problem of objectivity in theology as well as proposed a theological anthropology of continuing influence. The question of objectivity also exercised the minds of C. S. Lewis and his close friend, Owen Barfield, during that same decade, leading to their own versions of idealist anthropology. Although Lewis claimed that the resulting epistolary controversy between them was a “major turning point” in his life,6 scholars of Lewis’s life and works, including biographers, have largely ignored this hint, and skipped this part of his intellectual conversion.7 Their debate began over objectivity in human knowledge, especially in human imagination, and ended as a wide-ranging argument over the nature of the human soul and its relationship to Spirit. Analyzing the development of Barth’s views on the two major philosophical points at issue between Lewis and Barfield in the 1920s can help us discern the different final positions of each of these three thinkers on a single scale

A Brief Introduction to the History and Origin of the Holy Grail Motif

Alludes briefly to “different theories of the origin of the Holy Grail legend.” Focuses on post-Chrétien material for what it suggests about origins

Thematic Implications of C.S. Lewis\u27 \u3ci\u3eSpirits in Bondage\u3c/i\u3e

Speculates about reasons for comparative critical neglect of Lewis’s early poetry collection. Discusses the “main themes [...] in light of the movement of the entire work.

Semiclassical Theory of Inelastic Collisions I. Classical Picture and Semiclassical

This series of papers is concerned with the derivation of the equations of the classical picture of atomic collisions, iℏddtdi(t)=Σjhij(t)dj(t), which describe the time dependence of electronic-quantum-state amplitudes as the nuclei move along a classical trajectory. These equations are derived in two ways. In the first formulation, which coincides with the intuitive classical picture of the collision, the nuclear part of the wave function is treated as a superposition of narrow wave packets, each traveling along a classical trajectory. In the second formulation, a semiclassical approach is used. The validity and meaning of the two formulations are discussed and compared

Comparison of the Atomic Oxygen Erosion Depth and Cone Height of Various Materials at Hyperthermal Energy

Atomic oxygen readily reacts with most spacecraft polymer materials exposed to the low Earth orbital (LEO) environment. If the atomic oxygen arrival comes from a fixed angle of impact, the resulting erosion will foster the development of a change in surface morphology as material thickness decreases. Hydrocarbon and halopolymer materials, as well as graphite, are easily oxidized and textured by directed atomic oxygen in LEO at energies of approx.4.5 eV. What has been curious is that the ratio of cone height to erosion depth is quite different for different materials. The formation of cones under fixed direction atomic oxygen attack may contribute to a reduction in material tensile strength in excess of that which would occur if the cone height to erosion depth ratio was very low because of greater opportunities for crack initiation. In an effort to understand how material composition affects the ratio of cone height to erosion depth, an experimental investigation was conducted on 18 different materials exposed to a hyperthermal energy directed atomic oxygen source (approx.70 eV). The materials were first salt-sprayed to provide microscopic local areas that would be protected from atomic oxygen. This allowed erosion depth measurements to be made by scanning microscopy inspection. The polymers were then exposed to atomic oxygen produced by an end Hall ion source that was operated on pure oxygen. Samples were exposed to an atomic oxygen effective fluence of 1.0x10(exp 20) atoms/sq cm based on Kapton H polyimide erosion. The average erosion depth and average cone height were determined using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The experimental ratio of average cone height to erosion depth is compared to polymer composition and other properties

Comparison of Atomic Oxygen Erosion Yields of Materials at Various Energy and Impact Angles

The atomic oxygen erosion yields of various materials, measured in volume of material oxidized per incident atomic oxygen atom, are compared to the commonly accepted standard of Kapton H (DuPont) polyimide. The ratios of the erosion yield of Kapton H to the erosion yield of various materials are not consistent at different atomic oxygen energies. Although it is most convenient to use isotropic thermal energy RF plasma ashers to assess atomic oxygen durability, the results can be misleading because the relative erosion rates at thermal energies are not necessarily the same as low Earth orbital (LEO) energies of approx.4.5 eV. An experimental investigation of the relative atomic oxygen erosion yields of a wide variety of polymers and carbon was conducted using isotropic thermal energy (approx.0.1 eV) and hyperthermal energy (approx.70 eV) atomic oxygen using an RF plasma asher and an end Hall ion source. For hyperthermal energies, the atomic oxygen erosion yields relative to normal incident Kapton H were compared for sweeping atomic oxygen arrival with that of normal incidence arrival. The results of isotropic thermal energy, normal incident, and sweeping incident atomic oxygen are also compared with measured or projected LEO values

High-throughput bacterial SNP typing identifies distinct clusters of Salmonella Typhi causing typhoid in Nepalese children.

BACKGROUND: Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi) causes typhoid fever, which remains an important public health issue in many developing countries. Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal, is an area of high incidence and the pediatric population appears to be at high risk of exposure and infection. METHODS: We recently defined the population structure of S. Typhi, using new sequencing technologies to identify nearly 2,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that can be used as unequivocal phylogenetic markers. Here we have used the GoldenGate (Illumina) platform to simultaneously type 1,500 of these SNPs in 62 S. Typhi isolates causing severe typhoid in children admitted to Patan Hospital in Kathmandu. RESULTS: Eight distinct S. Typhi haplotypes were identified during the 20-month study period, with 68% of isolates belonging to a subclone of the previously defined H58 S. Typhi. This subclone was closely associated with resistance to nalidixic acid, with all isolates from this group demonstrating a resistant phenotype and harbouring the same resistance-associated SNP in GyrA (Phe83). A secondary clone, comprising 19% of isolates, was observed only during the second half of the study. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate the utility of SNP typing for monitoring bacterial populations over a defined period in a single endemic setting. We provide evidence for genotype introduction and define a nalidixic acid resistant subclone of S. Typhi, which appears to be the dominant cause of severe pediatric typhoid in Kathmandu during the study period