FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ION-SENSITIVE IN-SITU NASAL GEL OF ZOLMITRIPTAN

In situ gel system is novel drug delivery system in which there is transition of sol to gel on external stimuli like change in pH, temperature or change in ion concentration (sol-gel transition). In the present study various formulations were prepared by using gellan gum as gelling agent and HPMC K100 as controlled or sustained release polymer. All the formulations were evaluated for various parameters like pH, viscosity, drug content, gel strength, mucoadhesive strength and drug release. At minimum concentration of polymer lose their integrity and at maximum concentration stiff gel were formed. At optimized concentration of gelling agent and HPMC K100 showed in situ gelling with all parameter in range. In Vitro release data revealed that the optimized formulation showed controlled and sustained drug release pattern. The optimized formulation also obeyed korsmer Peppas model equation and which showed the release exponent n value 0.765. Thus the ex vivo higher bioavailability can be expected from the optimized formulation.Â

Emblica Officinalis: A Novel Therapy for Acute Pancreatitis — An Experimental Study

Acute necrotising pancreatitis is associated with an unacceptably high mortality for which no satisfactory remedy exists. Emblica officinalis (E.o.) is a plant prescribed in Ayurveda, the Indian traditional system of medicine, for pancreas-related disorders. This study was carried out to evaluate the protective effect of E.o. against acute necrotising pancreatitis in dogs. Pancreatitis was induced by injecting a mixture of trypsin, bile and blood into the duodenal opening of the pancreatic duct. Twenty eight dogs were divided into 4 groups (n = 6-8 each): GpI–control, GpII–acute pancreatitis, GpIII–sham-operated, GpIV–pretreatment with 28 mg E.o./kg/day for 15 days before inducing pancreatitis. Serum amylase increased from 541.99 ± 129.13 IU/ml to 1592.63 ± 327.83 IU (p<0.02) 2 hrs after the induction of pancreatitis in GpII. The rise in serum amylase in both GpIII and GpIV was not significant. On light microscopic examination, acinar cell damage was less and the total inflammatory score was significantly lower in the E.o. treated group as compared to GpII. Electron microscopy confirmed this and showed an increased amount of smooth, endoplasmic reticulum and small, condensed granules embedded in a vacuole. More studies are needed to explore the clinical potential of E.o. and its mechanism of action

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ION-SENSITIVE IN-SITU NASAL GEL OF ZOLMITRIPTAN

In situ gel system is novel drug delivery system in which there is the transition of sol to gel on external stimuli like change in pH, temperature or change in ion concentration(sol-gel transition). In the present study various formulations were prepared by using gellan gum as gelling agent and HPMC K100 as controlled or sustained release polymer. All the formulations were evaluated for various parameters like pH, viscosity, drug content, gel strength, mucoadhesive strength and drug release. At minimum concentration of polymer lose their integrity and at maximum concentration stiff gel were formed. At optimized concentration of gelling agent and HPMC K100 showed in situ gelling with all parameter in range. In vitro release data revealed that the optimized formulation showed controlled and sustained drug release pattern. The optimized formulation also obeyed korsmer Peppas model equation and which showed the release exponent n value 0.765. Thus, the ex vivo higher bioavailability can be expected from the optimized formulation.Â

CURRENT PERSPECTIVES ON APPLICATIONS OF NANOPARTICLES FOR CANCER MANAGEMENT

In the realm of cancer diagnostics, imaging and therapeutics, nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems have gained extensive importance owing to their promising attributes and potential to enhance therapeutic effectiveness. The primary area of research revolves around formulating innovative intelligent nanocarriers such as nanoparticles (NPs) which are capable of selectively responding to cancer-specific conditions and efficiently delivering medications to target cells. These nanocarriers, whether operating in a passive or active manner, can transport loaded therapeutic cargos to the tumor site while minimizing drug elimination from the drug delivery systems. This review primarily focuses on presenting recent advancements in the development and utilization of nanoparticles in the treatment of various cancer types, such as pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, and breast cancer

Computational fluid dynamics driven mass transfer model for the prediction of CO2 corrosion in pipelines

A novel, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) driven modelling methodology for predicting CO2 corrosion rates in pipelines is presented. CFD is used to provide accurate predictions of the viscous sublayer thickness and turbulent diffusivities, which are then used within a mass transfer model of aqueous CO2 corrosion. Comparisons with experimental measurements of corrosion rate in horizontal pipe flow and corresponding theoretical predictions, based on empirical correlations and previous CFD approaches, show the new approach is more accurate for flows in the range of pH 4 to 6. However, the key advantage of the new approach is its flexibility. Existing models are inaccurate and highly restrictive, having been derived for very simple cases, such as 1 D pipe flow. In contrast, the new methodology provides a firm, scientific foundation for predicting corrosion rates by determining conditions in the viscous sublayer in much more complex, and practically relevant, flow situations