Metal Ion, Protein, Phytic Acid Interactions.

Insight into the mineral, protein, phytate relationships in rice bran was gained by examining the solubility behavior of these components. Solubility profiles of the phosphorus and nitrogen components as a function of pH did not correspond, except in the pH 1.0-2.0 range. This is evidence that association between protein and phytate only occurred in this low pH range. Potassium, magnesium, and calcium solubilities as a function of pH corresponded to those of the phytic acid salts of these minerals. Soluble magnesium and potassium phytates were isolated on Sephadex G-25-50 and identified by ICP, confirming their presence in rice bran. The isolated soluble magnesium and potassium phytates had low metal to phytate ratios: approximately 2 magnesium molecules and 1 potassium molecule per phytate molecule at endogenous pH (7.1). The compositions of these soluble metal-phytate species were found to be pH-dependent. The number of molecules of magnesium and potassium associated per phytate molecule decreased with decreasing pH. No relationship between the soluble iron, zinc, or copper species and phytate were apparent from the pH data. However, a possible association of copper and zinc with protein in the pH 6-10 range was suggested by the behavior of their solubility curves. Increased amounts of Fe(II), Fe(III), Zn(II), or Cu(II) ions, added as sulfates to rice bran slurries, affected the solubilities of the endogenous minerals, proteins, and phytates. The data from these solubility studies along with the results of SDS gel electrophoresis, pH, and differential pulse polarography experiments provided evidence for: association of iron, zinc, and copper ions with the albumins leading to the formation of insoluble mineral-albumin complexes. (\u2731)P NMR was employed to examine the solution interactions of lithium and potassium ions with sodium phytate. The phytate molecular conformation was found to be pH and concentration dependent. The conformational equilibria of sodium phytate in aqueous solution was not affected by the addition of potassium ions, however, the phytate molecular conformation was influenced by added lithium ions and was dependent on lithium ion concentration. Furthermore, the phytate molecule showed some selectivity for lithium ion association over potassium and sodium ions

Natural And Formal Mentors Among Youth In Foster Care: How Do Mentor Type And Relationship Dynamics Explain Variance In The Quality Of The Mentoring Relationship?

Due to histories of maltreatment, living instability, and relational disruptions, youth in foster care are at increased risk for experiencing poorer well-being outcomes as compared to their non-foster peers. However, research suggests that the presence of a caring, supportive nonparental adult, such as a mentor, may function as a protective factor, offsetting some of the risk that these vulnerable youth face. Research identifies a positive association between mentored youth and improved psychosocial, behavioral, and academic outcomes, and greater effects are associated with higher quality mentoring relationships, leading researchers to investigate for whom and under what circumstances such relationships may be present. Among youth in foster care, both naturally occurring and programmatically matched, formal mentoring relationships have been investigated, though past studies have not explored how mentor type or relationship dynamics may explain variance in the quality of mentoring relationships for this population. Using survey data from 444 natural and formal mentors and interview data from 8 high and low scoring natural and formal mentors, this dissertation uses mixed methods to answer the research questions: To what extent do mentor type and relationship dynamics explain variance in the quality of the mentoring relationship for adolescent and emerging adult youth in and aging out of foster care, controlling for demographic characteristics? What barriers and facilitators of a quality mentoring relationship do natural and formal mentors of youth in foster care experience and identify? Findings from this study indicate that naturally occurring mentoring relationships were associated with longer mentoring relationships, whereas programmatically supported, formal mentors were associated with higher perceived efficacy. Internal dynamics of closeness and compatibility were positively associated with characteristics of quality relationships, such as longer relationships and more frequent and consistent contact. External dynamics, such as interference (i.e., personal/logistical stressors) decreased the length of the mentoring relationship. Finally, mentoring relationships among youth in foster care tended to benefit from a primary growth-focused component with an accompanying fun-focus. This study presents these findings and highlights future research and practice implications in order to promote quality-mentoring relationships among youth in foster care

Nutrition positive : an incentive program in Saskatoon elementary schools. A case study and preliminary process evaluation

ABSTRACT The purpose of this qualitative case study was to gain an informed understanding of the views of elementary school staff about the characteristics of the Nutrition Positive incentive program including: program development, implementation strategies used by individual schools, and challenges and related concerns associated with program implementation. As an initial step in a process evaluation, knowledge was gained through document analysis, site observations and 14 semi-structured interviews with principals, teachers and nutrition coordinators in 4 Greater Saskatoon Catholic, and 4 Saskatoon Public, Saskatchewan schools. Findings were then compared and contrasted with three models for ‘best practice’ from the scientific literature and related to school health, education, and promotion. The results led to the following conclusions. Nutrition Positive serves as an entry point for health promotion in Saskatoon elementary schools. While providing principals, teachers and other school staff with the necessary supports to enable children to learn critical life and health skills, it is also practical and realistic. The program can easily be adapted to different age and developmental levels, and a variety of cultures. The Advisory Committee and the program manual provide multiple resources to facilitate implementation. Schools may adapt the program for use across curricula, within school timetables, and concurrent with other health-related programs. Nutrition Positive schools attempt to provide healthy, “serve most often” foods for student mealtimes, special events, fundraising activities, vending machines and classroom rewards. While the program appears to be sustainable, it needs to specify measurable objectives and requires a better design for its assessment, monitoring and evaluation components. It is recommended that schools include all stakeholders, including parents and students, when forming a school-based program committee. Committee members need to participate in developing written school policies and guidelines, as well as learning about healthy eating themselves. School activities and foods offered need to more consistently and uniformly compliment the curriculum and program goals and objectives. In order to expand, program materials need to be widely publicized, communicated in a timely manner, culturally relevant, and available in languages in addition to English

Use of Disclosing Tablets and Signs of Gingival Bleeding for Improving the Oral Health and Oral Hygiene Status of Adult Dental Clients

The purpose of this investigation was to compare two methods for improving the oral health and oral hygiene status of adult dental clients. Fifty subjects were selected and randomly assigned to two groups. Over a 75-day period, Group A used disclosing tablets on a daily basis to reveal dental plaque deposits to control dental disease; Group Bused signs of gingival bleeding on a daily basis to control dental disease. Clients attended four appointments for oral evaluation. The oral health and oral hygiene status of the adult dental clients were measured at each appointment using the Gingival Bleeding Index and the Plaque Index, respectively. Data analysis revealed no significant difference in the mean Plaque Index scores of both groups after manipulation of the experimental variable (2p \u3e 0. 05). Analysis of data did reveal a significant difference in the mean Gingival Bleeding Index scores of Group B after manipulation of the experimental variable (p ≤ 0.05). Results indicated that the recognition of signs of gingival bleeding for improving oral health was more effective than the traditional method of using disclosing tablets and was at least as effective as the traditional method for improving the oral hygiene status of adult dental clients

Adapting the Framework at JMU Libraries and Educational Technologies: ​ A Collaboration between Instructional Designers and Librarian Liaisons​

At James Madison University (JMU), a small team of faculty members in Libraries & Educational Technologies (LET) collaborated to develop new information literacy student learning outcomes based on the ACRL Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education. The Information Literacy Task Force was tasked with unifying the conversation around information literacy within LET and providing student learning outcomes that educators will be able to adapt into content, activities, and assessments. Instructional designers and librarians worked together to explore the framework in the diverse context of the JMU community. We will share how the unique collaboration between instructional designers and librarians created opportunities and challenges and how we approached building organizational consensus throughout the process. We also outline potential future uses of the new outcomes and goals

Analysis of Observed Contamination Through SAGE III's First Year on Orbit

SAGE III is a payload on the International Space Station that conducts measurements of ozone and other atmospheric constituents through the use of a moderate resolution spectrometer with an operating wavelength range of 290 nm to 1550 nm. Because of the optically sensitive nature of the payload, a suite of eight Thermoelectric Quartz Crystal Microbalances (TQCMs) were included to monitor the operating environment. During the rst year of operation, the SAGE III TQCMs were instrumental in detecting several periods of higher contamination and localizing their sources. A clear window made from quartz crystal covers the instrument assembly's aperture. Under nominal operating conditions, this window is only open during science gathering activities. However, if the rates of contamination accumulation are detected to be above the background rate, the window will be kept closed during science gathering to protect the optically sensitive instrument mirror. An analysis of the signal transmissions through the window for the wavelengths of 290 nm to 1550 nm has been conducted to determine any possible degradation of the window and potential in uence on science data collected to date, and established a baseline for future analysis

An isolated proximal tibiofibular joint dislocation in a young male playing soccer: a case report

Isolated dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint is a rare injury. We present a 23-year-old caucasian man who sustained a traumatic anterolateral dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint. There is no consenus on definitive management, and we review the different published treatment and rehabilitation regimens for this injury. Our patient was successfully treated by open reduction and temporary Kirschner-wire fixation. The authors recommend their structured rehabilitation process involved using cast brace immobilization as allows for excellent soft tissue healing

¿DÓNDE DUERMEN LAS AVES? OBSERVACIONES DE AVES DESCANSANDO EN EL SOTOBOSQUE DE LAS TIERRAS BAJAS DE COSTA RICA

El uso del hábitat nocturno de las aves diurnas es poco conocido. Este estudio presenta observaciones de los sitios de descanso y comportamiento nocturnal de 18 especies de aves en el sotobosque de las tierras bajas de Costa Rica. Realizamos muestreos nocturnos en hábitats riparios y no-riparios en potreros, bosques secundarios y bosques maduros. Observamos un mayor número de aves posadas en hábitats riparios (67) que en hábitats no riparios (3). El sotobosque ripario es utilizado por un grupo diverso de especies de aves como dormidero. Nuestras observaciones resaltan la importancia de corredores riparios, especialmente en hábitats alterados por el ser humano como los potreros