Gradient Flow Finite Element Discretizations with Energy-Based Adaptivity for the Gross-Pitaevskii Equation

We present an effective adaptive procedure for the numerical approximation of the steady-state Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Our approach is solely based on energy minimization, and consists of a combination of gradient flow iterations and adaptive finite element mesh refinements. Numerical tests show that this strategy is able to provide highly accurate results, with optimal convergence rates with respect to the number of freedom

Niedriglohnbeschäftigung in Deutschland: deskriptive Befunde zur Entwicklung seit 1980 und Verteilung auf Berufe und Wirtschaftszweige

"Der Forschungsbericht enthält Auswertungen zur Entwicklung der Niedriglohnschwelle (2/3 des Medianlohns) und zum Umfang des Niedriglohnsektors in Westdeutschland (seit 1980) und in Ost- und Gesamtdeutschland (seit 1993), die bis zum Jahre 2004 reichen. Daran anschließend zeigen gesonderte Analysen für Westdeutschland, in welchen Berufen und Wirtschaftszweigen besonders viele Geringverdiener arbeiten, wo das Niedriglohnrisiko besonders hoch ist und welche Trends sich seit 1980 abzeichnen. Als Datengrundlage dient die Beschäftigten-Historik (BeH) des IAB in der Version 5.00, die wiederum auf der Beschäftigtenstatistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit beruht. Sämtliche Auswertungen beziehen sich nur auf sozialversicherungspflichtige Vollzeitbeschäftigte." (Autorenreferat

Niedriglohnbeschäftigung in Deutschland: deskriptive Befunde zur Entwicklung seit 1980 und Verteilung auf Berufe und Wirtschaftszweige

"Der Forschungsbericht enthält Auswertungen zur Entwicklung der Niedriglohnschwelle (2/3 des Medianlohns) und zum Umfang des Niedriglohnsektors in Westdeutschland (seit 1980) und in Ost- und Gesamtdeutschland (seit 1993), die bis zum Jahre 2004 reichen. Daran anschließend zeigen gesonderte Analysen für Westdeutschland, in welchen Berufen und Wirtschaftszweigen besonders viele Geringverdiener arbeiten, wo das Niedriglohnrisiko besonders hoch ist und welche Trends sich seit 1980 abzeichnen. Als Datengrundlage dient die Beschäftigten-Historik (BeH) des IAB in der Version 5.00, die wiederum auf der Beschäftigtenstatistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit beruht. Sämtliche Auswertungen beziehen sich nur auf sozialversicherungspflichtige Vollzeitbeschäftigte." (Autorenreferat

In vitro wound healing assays - State of the art

Wound healing is essential for the restoration of the barrier function of the skin. During this process, cells at the wound edges proliferate and migrate, leading to re-epithelialization of the wound surface. Wound healing assays are used to study the molecular mechanisms of wound repair, as well as in the investigation of potential therapeutics and treatments for improved healing. Numerous models of wound healing have been developed in recent years. In this review, we focus on in vitro assays, as they allow a fast, cost-efficient and ethical alternative to animal models. This paper gives a general overview of 2-dimensional (2D) cell monolayer assays by providing a description of injury methods, as well as an evaluation of each assay's strengths and limitations. We include a section reviewing assays performed in 3-dimensional (3D) culture, which employ bioengineered skin models to capture complex wound healing mechanics like cell-matrix interactions and the interplay of different cell types in the healing process. Finally, we discuss in detail available software tools and algorithms for data analysis. © 2016 by De Gruyter

A retrospective analysis of submissions, acceptance rate, open peer review operations, and prepublication bias of the multidisciplinary open access journal Head & Face Medicine

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Head & Face Medicine </it>(HFM) was launched in August 2005 to provide multidisciplinary science in the field of head and face disorders with an open access and open peer review publication platform. The objective of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of submissions, the effectiveness of open peer reviewing, and factors biasing the acceptance or rejection of submitted manuscripts.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A 1-year period of submissions and all concomitant journal operations were retrospectively analyzed. The analysis included submission rate, reviewer rate, acceptance rate, article type, and differences in duration for peer reviewing, final decision, publishing, and PubMed inclusion. Statistical analysis included Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, regression analysis, and binary logistic regression.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>HFM </it>received 126 articles (10.5 articles/month) for consideration in the first year. Submissions have been increasing, but not significantly over time. Peer reviewing was completed for 82 articles and resulted in an acceptance rate of 48.8%. In total, 431 peer reviewers were invited (5.3/manuscript), of which 40.4% agreed to review. The mean peer review time was 37.8 days. The mean time between submission and acceptance (including time for revision) was 95.9 days. Accepted papers were published on average 99.3 days after submission. The mean time between manuscript submission and PubMed inclusion was 101.3 days. The main article types submitted to HFM were original research, reviews, and case reports. The article type had no influence on rejection or acceptance. The variable 'number of invited reviewers' was the only significant (p < 0.05) predictor for rejection of manuscripts.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The positive trend in submissions confirms the need for publication platforms for multidisciplinary science. <it>HFM's </it>peer review time comes in shorter than the 6-weeks turnaround time the Editors set themselves as the maximum. Rejection of manuscripts was associated with the number of invited reviewers. None of the other parameters tested had any effect on the final decision. Thus, <it>HFM's </it>ethical policy, which is based on Open Access, Open Peer, and transparency of journal operations, is free of 'editorial bias' in accepting manuscripts.</p> <p>Original data</p> <p>Provided as a downloadable tab-delimited text file (URL and variable code available under section 'additional files').</p

Changes in Alternative Splicing as Pharmacodynamic Markers for Sudemycin D6

Objective: The aim of the study was to define pharmacodynamic markers for sudemycin D6, an experimental cancer drug that changes alternative splicing in human blood. Methods: Blood samples from 12 donors were incubated with sudemycin D6 for up to 24 hours, and at several time points total RNA from lymphocytes was prepared and the pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing patterns were analyzed with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results: Similar to immortalized cells, blood lymphocytes change alternative splicing due to sudemycin D6 treatment. However, lymphocytes in blood respond slower than immortalized cultured cells. Conclusions: Exon skipping in the DUSP11 and SRRM1 pre-mRNAs are pharmacodynamic markers for sudemycin D6 treatment and show effects beginning at 9 hours after treatment