Biological control of conifer seed damage by the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

This paper describes the development of a biological technique that successfully controls conifer seed damage by the deer mouse. Eleven experiments have been conducted on three study areas at the University of British Columbia Research Forest, Maple Ridge, B.C. Populations of deer mice have been monitored in all experiments with data from 56,000 trap nights. The technique involves a mixture of conifer seed (Douglas fir) with sunflower seed and oats which is uniformly distributed on logged areas in the late winter-early spring. Survival of conifer seed with these alternate foods was excellent, compared with control Douglas fir by itself, for an 8-week period during this time of year. Populations of seed-eating birds and chipmunks are not present on clearcut areas from late October to early April. In addition, deer mice are at their lowest density during the spring. Thus, the use of alternate foods with Douglas fir seed in a direct-seeding operation at the appropriate time of year will result in successful regeneration of cutover forest lands

The Time Has Come for Law Enforcement Recordings of Custodial Interviews, Start to Finish

Throughout the United States, more and more law enforcement officials are coming to realize the tremendous benefits they receive when the questioning of suspects in police facilities is recorded from beginning to end, starting with the Miranda warnings and continuing until the interview is completely finished. Recordings put an end to a host of problems for detectives: having to scribble notes during interviews and later type reports; straining on the witness stand weeks and months later, trying to describe what happened behind closed doors at the station; becoming embroiled in courtroom disputes about what was said and done during custodial interrogations, and about whether suspects\u27 statements were voluntary; and having to defend against charges of use of unlawful tactics or misstating what occurred. Recordings of interviews Miranda to the end will also improve on non-recorded questioning followed by recorded final statements, which leave detectives open to charges that they improperly induced confessions during the preliminary non-recorded sessions. Recording complete custodial interrogations creates an incontestable, real-time record that the lawyers, judges and juries may evaluate as though it took place right in front of them

The Time Has Come for Law Enforcement Recordings of Custodial Interviews, Start to Finish

Throughout the United States, more and more law enforcement officials are coming to realize the tremendous benefits they receive when the questioning of suspects in police facilities is recorded from beginning to end, starting with the Miranda warnings and continuing until the interview is completely finished. Recordings put an end to a host of problems for detectives: having to scribble notes during interviews and later type reports; straining on the witness stand weeks and months later, trying to describe what happened behind closed doors at the station; becoming embroiled in courtroom disputes about what was said and done during custodial interrogations, and about whether suspects\u27 statements were voluntary; and having to defend against charges of use of unlawful tactics or misstating what occurred. Recordings of interviews Miranda to the end will also improve on non-recorded questioning followed by recorded final statements, which leave detectives open to charges that they improperly induced confessions during the preliminary non-recorded sessions. Recording complete custodial interrogations creates an incontestable, real-time record that the lawyers, judges and juries may evaluate as though it took place right in front of them