A petrological and structural study of the leaving Gneiss-Dome, Southern Norway

The Levang granite forms an elliptical body occupying the core of a broad antiformal structure, and covering approximately 50 sq. km. Surrounding this mass of granitoid gneisses is a series of banded gneisses of very variable composition, including amphibolites, quartzltes, and nodular sillimanite gneisses. Against these rocks the granitic gneisses make a sharp, though in places 'interfingered' contact. Agmatitl relationships are never seen. Further south, on the PortOr sub-peninsula, migmatitic granitoid gneisses are exposed which have mineral assemblages identical to those of rock types from within the main Levang granite. The composition of the Levang granite gneisses is variable, ranging from quartz monzonltic to tonalitic types lacking potash feldspar, but on the whole corresponds fairly closely with the minimum melting composition of the granite system. Over much the greater area the Levang granite is strongly foliated, and everywhere shows some degree of preferred planar or linear orientation of minerals. The foliation always parallels the contacts, and it defines a complex fold system, within the granite which is in complete structural conformity with that of the surrounding banded gneisses and migmatites. The overall symmetry of the structure is triclinic, the plunge of the linear elements varying from horizontal to vertical. The β axis of the domal structure in the eastern part of the granite mass is completely overturned. Traced eastwards from the core of the dome, P trends initially due east north east, steepens to vertical, and then plunges due west at angles of 60 to 70 . The very complex tectonic evolution has probably involved disharmonic folding and two phases of deformation. Within the Levang granite amphibolitic sheets and lenses are invariably conformable to the fold pattern defined by the granite gneiss foliation. In the Helligesvann brachyanticline, a regular sequence of granitoid gneisses of variable composition, interlayered with a thick amphibolitic sheet which forms an unbroken horizon, indicates the presence of a 'ghost' stratigraphy. Investigation of the potash feldspar obliquities shows that all the potash feldspars, from granitic gneisses, migmatites, and pegmatites, are more or less fully ordered maximum microclines. The fact that some of the granitic gneisses approximate to the minimum melting composition is not conclusive evidence in favour of an origin through anatexis or fractional crystallization, in view of the spatial distribution of these rocks, their metamorphic textures, and the nature of the basic inclusions. The Levang granite is a metamorphic rock, the result of the transformation in an open system of a pre-existing series of supra- crustal rocks by processes of granitization and metasomatism

Psychological studies of art: with special reference to pictorial art

Few artists have the hardihood to set up as psychologists. it is meet, therefore, that I should preface these studies with an apology. The conspicuous failure of attempts by artists to write psychology requires no recalling. This fact might well have been a salutary warning against entering so specialised a province as that of aesthetics. But the desire to comprehend those secret processes by which I have, to some extent, been able to achieve my artistic aims has always been strong and at times imperious. It was not, therefore, any undue confidence in my ability to prosecute these investigations or any self - assurance that I could bring new light to bear on so vast and so difficult a problem that prompted the undertaking, but a keen desire to satisfy a clamant personal need.There was perhaps another motive present in my mind besides mere curiosity as to the nature of my own psychological processes: the desire to compare representative views and theories with my own experience as a producing artist, and to observe the extent to which they appeared to confirm or disprove my own speculations and introspective results. Throughout I have aimed at accuracy rather than novelty, facts rather than originality. I have tried not to obtrude unduly my own theoretical predilections, but rather to examine such doctrines as have come up for discussion in the double light of my own creative experience and the accredited facts of psychology. To what extent I have been successful in these pursuits the following studies will presently bear witness.The work has undergone many modifications since its inception. Originally the plan included the study of the appreciative as well as the productive aspect of art. 13ut circumstances early led to the curtailment of its scope: first, the realisation that the task was impossible because of its immensity; and second, prolonged periods of illness between the years 1930 and 1933 which forced we to reduce my activities to essential duties. Perhaps the curtailment of the field has not been without some compensatory virtue; for I have been able to concentrate on one aspect and that, one in which I am naturally chiefly interested. The appreciation of art has to a limited degree been dealt with in an Appendix, where the problem has been approached from a pedagogical standpoint. I have also added an Appendix dealing with representation in art - this, too, from the pedagogic point of view. :Both appendices, I hope, will clear up minor difficulties which could not conveniently be discussed in the main text without involving some divagation

Moisture in Untreated, Acetylated, and Furfurylated Norway Spruce Studied During Drying Using Time Domain NMR1

Using time domain NMR, the moisture in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) sapwood subjected to four different treatments (never-dried, dried and remoistened, acetylated, and furfurylated) was studied during drying at 40°C, at sample average moisture contents above fiber saturation. Spin-spin relaxation time distributions were derived from CPMG relaxation curves using multiexponential fitting (CONTIN), and the resulting water populations were assigned according to the literature and their behavior during drying. It was found that both acetylation and furfurylation increased the average spin-spin relaxation time of the lumen water in earlywood tracheids from about 80-100 ms to 200 and 300 ms, respectively. The average spin-spin relaxation time of the cell wall water was reduced from about 1.4 to 0.65 ms by furfurylation, while acetylation had less effect on this water. The relaxation times of both the earlywood lumen water and of the cell wall water were slightly longer for the never-dried samples than for the dried and remoistened samples

Moisture in Untreated, Acetylated, and Furfurylated Norway Spruce Monitored During Drying Below Fiber Saturation Using Time Domain NMR

Using time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the moisture content (MC) in Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] sapwood, subjected to three different treatments (untreated, acetylated, and furfurylated), was studied during drying at 40°C at MCs below fiber saturation. Spin-spin relaxation time distributions were derived from Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill relaxation curves using mulitexponential fitting (CONTIN). After conditioning for 6 wk at 100% RH, the modified wood samples had a MC of about 15%, whereas the MC of the untreated samples was about 30%. Two water populations with different relaxation times were found in all three sample types at this point: 1.1 ms and 0.15 ms (untreated), 0.5 ms and 0.15 ms (furfurylated), and 1.2 - 3.5 ms and 0.1 ms (acetylated). As the MC decreased, the relaxation time of the most slowly relaxing population decreased, whereas it remained more or less constant for the other population. For both the untreated and the furfurylated samples, the two populations merged at 5 - 10% MC, and relaxation times were identical for the two treatments at low MC. The two populations did not merge for the acetylated samples. These results indicate that while acetylation changed the interaction between water and the wood cell wall, furfurylation seemed to mostly affect the amount of water present within the cell wall at the beginning of the drying experiment

Surface Activation Treatment of Wood and Its Effect on the Gel Time of Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin

Surface activation treatment of wood using hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, and sodium hydroxide was examined to assess its effect on the gel time of phenol-formaldehyde resin. Four wood species comprising both hardwoods and softwoods, two treatment levels, and two treatment conditions (activation and activation followed by drying) were examined in the study. The effect of surface activation on the gel time of phenol-formaldehyde resin varies for a particular surface activator according to treatment level and treatment condition. Surface activated treated wood decreases the gel time of phenol-formaldehyde resin with hydrogen peroxide treatment having the greatest effect followed by nitric acid and sodium hydroxide treatments

On the cogrowth of Thompson's group FF

We investigate the cogrowth and distribution of geodesics in R. Thompson's group $F$.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figure

Information Systems Security Education: MIS Majors and Business Majors in AACSB College of Businesses

This a follow-on to previous IACIS 2018 & 2019 presentations that reported on a needs analysis of information systems security education at a 2,500-student college of business in an 11,000-student university in the Upper Midwest USA (UWEC). This year we bring in some results from a 1,700-student college of business in a 6,500- student university in the Southeast USA (GCSU). Preliminary Results are summarized in tables 1 and 2. In this study we compare MIS majors and Business Students and find little differences and conclude much more research is needed. Security of information systems is becoming more crucial by the day (Cerrudo, 2017), both conceptual knowledge and skill in tool use being necessary (Tarala, 2011). Countering this trend is the growing perception that young adults preparing to enter the work force are increasingly uninformed about basic endpoint security concepts and tools (Schaffhauser, 2015). This is counterintuitive given the widely assumed familiarity with information technology of contemporary young adults (Anderson & Rainie, 2012)

Information Systems Security Education: MIS Majors and Business Majors in AACSB College of Businesses

This a follow-on to previous IACIS 2018 & 2019 presentations that reported on a needs analysis of information systems security education at a 2,500-student college of business in an 11,000-student university in the Upper Midwest USA (UWEC). This year we bring in some results from a 1,700-student college of business in a 6,500- student university in the Southeast USA (GCSU). Preliminary Results are summarized in tables 1 and 2. In this study we compare MIS majors and Business Students and find little differences and conclude much more research is needed. Security of information systems is becoming more crucial by the day (Cerrudo, 2017), both conceptual knowledge and skill in tool use being necessary (Tarala, 2011). Countering this trend is the growing perception that young adults preparing to enter the work force are increasingly uninformed about basic endpoint security concepts and tools (Schaffhauser, 2015). This is counterintuitive given the widely assumed familiarity with information technology of contemporary young adults (Anderson & Rainie, 2012)