Metallic threaded composite fastener

A metallic threaded composite fastener, particularly suited for high temperature applications, has a body member made of high temperature resistant composite material with a ceramic coating. The body member has a head portion configured to be installed in a countersunk hole and a shank portion which is noncircular and tapered. One part of the shank may be noncircular and the other part tapered, or the two types of surface could be combined into a frustum of a noncircular cone. A split collar member made of high strength, high temperature tolerant metal alloy is split into two halves and the interior of the halves are configured to engage the shank. The exterior of the collar has a circumferential groove which receives a lock ring to secure the collar halves to the shank. In the assembled condition torque may be transmitted from the body to the split collar by the engaged noncircular portions to install and remove the fastener assembly into or from a threaded aperture and shear loads in the collar threads are transferred to the shank tapered portion as a combination of radial compression and axial tension loads. Thus, tension loads may be applied to the fastener shank without damaging the ceramic coating

An Intergenerational Model of Wages, Hours and Earnings

In this paper we develop and estimate a factor model of the earnings, labor supply, and wages of young men and young women, their parents and their siblings. We estimate the model using data on matched sibling and parent-child pairs from the National Longitudinal Survey of Labor Market Experience. We measure the extent to which a set of unobserved parental and family factors that drive wage rates and work hours independently of wage rates lead to similarities among family members in labor market outcomes. We find strong family similarities in work hours that run along gender lines. These similarities are primarily due to preferences rather than to labor supply responses to family similarities in wages. The wage factors of the father and mother influence the wages of both sons and daughters. A `sibling' wage factor also plays an important role in wage determination. We find that intergenerational correlations in wages substantially overestimate the direct influence of fathers, and especially mothers, on wages. This is because the father's and mother's wage factors are positively correlated. The relative importance for the variance in earnings of the direct effect of wages, the labor supply response induced by wages, and effect of hours preferences varies by gender, and by age in the case of women. For all groups most of the effect of wages on earnings is direct rather than through a labor supply response.

Mineralogy and Surface Composition of Asteroids

Methods to constrain the surface mineralogy of asteroids have seen considerable development during the last decade with advancement in laboratory spectral calibrations and validation of our interpretive methodologies by spacecraft rendezvous missions. This has enabled the accurate identification of several meteorite parent bodies in the main asteroid belt and helped constrain the mineral chemistries and abundances in ordinary chondrites and basaltic achondrites. With better quantification of spectral effects due to temperature, phase angle, and grain size, systematic discrepancies due to non-compositional factors can now be virtually eliminated for mafic silicate-bearing asteroids. Interpretation of spectrally featureless asteroids remains a challenge. This paper presents a review of all mineralogical interpretive tools currently in use and outlines procedures for their application.Comment: Chapter to appear in the Space Science Series Book: Asteroids IV, 51 pages, 7 figures, 2 table

Philip Massinger: the man and the playwright

Little apology is necessary by way of preface to a critical study of Messinger. No full -length, detailed study of the playwright has eve appeared in English. All that we have of what might be called 'book length' is a very brief work by Professor Cruickshank that was published over thirty years ago, and this can scarcely now be considered adequate. Even critical essays on Messinger are rare, and comments and asides on the playwright which have appeared in the more general studies of the Jacobean- Caroline period have not usually been notable either for their perspicacity or for the knowledge they reveal of his work. It is in some measure as an attempt to fill this gap that this thesis has been written.I have not, however, attempted to claim for Massinger a position or an importance that does not accord with his worth. He is not, it must be admitted, a great, or even always a very good, dramatist. Nevertheless, his plays are of considerable interest as samples of the romantic tragi- comedies that held the stage after the death of Shakespeare. In addition, it must be remembered that Messinger was the principal writer for the public theatres from 1625 to 1640 -- a fact that in itself argues for his claim to closer examination. Thus the first object of this thesis has been an examination and appraisal of certain aspects of Messinger's dramatic technique.Of additional, and perhaps in some respects even greater, interest, however, is the character of Massinger himself; a character that emerges with extraordinary clarity and precision of detail from a reading of his plays. Therefore, my second object has been to reveal or deduce something of the nature of i;iassinger's mind and character; to attempt, if you like, to see Messinger plain. Both of these objects are comprehended in the title of this thesis.Perhaps something of the eclipse which Massinger's work has undergone amongst students can be explained by the fact that he is deeply involved in the tangled undergrowth of collaboration which surrounds the Beaumont- Fletcher corpus. The reader will find little discussion of such matters in this thesis. Many scholars have laboured on the problems of the Jacobean collaborators, and their work forms an extensive literature in itself, embracing studies in ,eaumont, Fletcher, Massinger, Field, Shirley, Heywood, and practically every other writer of the period as well as the vast mass of documentary material pertaining to the stage of the times. I have felt, then, that to deal adequately with such material would have celled for a preliminary volume quite away from my immediate purposes, and that the consideration of such problems here would have confused the reader and obscured the object of my study, Massinger himself. It has seemed to iv me preferable to approach the Jacobean situation from the other end, and, by considering Massinger in the plays which are definitely his, to make my work absolute as far as he is concerned, but at the same time make it a ground -work to the wider study of the dramatic collaboration of Fletcher and his group by establishing the Massingerian technique and method of approach. It follows, therefore, that the plays with which I am almost solely concerned in this thesis are the fifteen plays which Massinger wrote on his own.Of course, in a general critical study of any playwright as prolific as Messinger, it is essential, in order to contain the subject within reasonable bounds, that a certain amount of material should be allowed to 6o by the board. This is perhaps rather a negative way of saying that I have consciously and deliberately dealt only briefly with one or two topics which are sometimes considered important in a study of a playwright. My deliberate intention in this respect will be better understood when I say that I consider such topics as jetsam rather than as flotsam. My dismissal of questions of collaboration and attribution has already been explained. Similarly, I have considered that questions of the sources of Massinger's plays have already been exhaustively covered by the industrious researches of German scholars at the beginning of this century, and that the more technical aspects of versification are, in Massinger's case, of interest chiefly in connexion with problems of collaboration. I have chosen to concentrate chiefly (though not by any means exclusively) on matters which have become prominent largely within the last thirty or forty years -- such matters as stagecraft, dramatic structure, the dramatist's view of the world, and blank -verse style. I have endeavoured to deal with such matters in ways that, while they have become commoner in studies of Shakespeare, have not yet been applied at all extensively to other writers -- and have certainly never been applied to Massinger before. I have also endeavoured to suggest new methods of approach (in particular in respect of matters of style) which might be applied with profit to other Jacobean dramatists. Throughout the thesis I have constantly compared and contrasted Massinger with Shakespeare; with Shakespeare, that is to say, both as a yardstick of dramatic excellence whose work is universally known and admired, and as the only other writer of the period with whom Massinger can be fully and fairly contrasted. In addition, in the general biographical introduction which comprises my first chapter I have re- examined and re- assessed the many conjectures and speculations which surround the facts of Massinger's life and have added some new facts and deductions. of my own.It is perhaps not out of place here to make a plea for a full and modern edition of the plays of Massinger. Gifford's edition, which I have had perforce to use for this thesis, is a remarkable piece of work for its period but is now quite out -of -date and hopelessly inadequate. Several of the plays have been published in individual and fairly modern editions (See Bibliography), but this is not sufficient. What is required is a complete edition which will give the reader (I am not so concerned for the student of textual or bibliographical matters) a text which he can both study and enjoy and from which the scholar can draw his line-references, similar to those which we now possess for Shakespeare and Ben Jonson. Of course, such an edition would have to part of a wider plan which embodied an edition of all the Beaumont and Fletcher plays. At the moment it is not possible to obtain Beaumont and Fletcher in an edition which is either convenient or reliable. Such an edition, the Variorum Edition, under the general editorship of A.H.Bullen, was started in 1904, but for some reason or other only four volumes of the projected twelve appeared.. Scholars will never be able to start properly on all the problems of the Jacobean theatre until such editions become generally available. Until then, there must remain much research into this interesting period of the drama which it will be difficult, or even impossible, to carry out

AGGRESSION: AN ORGANISMIC VARIABLE INFLUENCING PERCEPTION OF HORIZONTAL-VERTICAL LINES

Most people when viewing horizontal-vertical lines of equal length, judge the vertical line as longer than the horizontal line. The relationship R = f(S) has been extensively studied in an attempt to explain the horizontal-vertical illusion (HVI). An adequate explanation has not been proposed, The present study approached the phenomenon of the illusion with the relationship R = f(0). The problem was to determine if aggressiveness was a significant factor in judgments of the HVI. The Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) was used to define and measure aggression in forty students at Missouri Southern State College, Joplin, Missouri. The hypothesis was: There will be no significant difference between the horizontal-vertical illusion scores of aggressive and less aggressive persons. Eight students were randomly drawn from a sub-population of aggressive persons and were defined as the aggressive group. Eight more students were randomly drawn from a sub-population of less aggressive persons and defined as the less aggressive group. A students score was defined as the number of judgments made about the lengths of vertical and horizontal lines which did not conform to the actual physical lengths of the two lines. Judgments made about vertical and horizontal lines of equal length were not counted in scoring. The independent variable was the classification of students into aggressive and less aggressive groups. The dependent variable was judgments made about the lengths of two lines. It was found that the aggressive persons made significantly more wrong judgments on the illusion than did less aggressive persons, t(1.4) = 2.97,

Procedural Generation and Rendering of Large-Scale Open-World Environments

Open-world video games give players a large environment to explore along with increased freedom to navigate and manipulate that environment. These requirements pose several problems that must be addressed by a game\u27s graphics engine. Often there are a large number of visible objects, such as all of the trees in a forest, as well as objects comprised of large amounts of geometry, such as terrain. An open-world graphics engine must be able to render large environments at varying levels of detail and smoothly transition between detail levels to provide a believable experience. Often this involves finding a way to both store and generate the large amounts of geometry that represent the environment. In this thesis we present a system for generating and rendering large exterior environments, with a focus on terrain and vegetation. We use a region-based procedural generation algorithm to create environments of varying types. This algorithm produces content that can be rendered at multiple levels of detail. The terrain is rendered volumetrically to support caves, overhangs, and cliffs, but is also rendered using heightmaps to allow for large view distances. Vegetation is implemented using procedurally generated meshes and impostors. The volumetric terrain is editable in real time, which limits our ability to pre-generate or cache large amounts of geometry, and also limits the number of assumptions we can make with regard to visibility. We support a view distance of at least 25 miles in each direction, though distant objects are rendered at low resolution. The heightmap terrain used to achieve this view distance consists of over 360,000 triangles. Our system runs at 180 frames per second on commodity desktop hardware