The Effects of State Legislation on Adolescent Marijuana Use

Marijuana legislation has been changing a lot over the last few years. The recent legalizations for medical and recreational use opens the doors for public health research. Historically, there is not a lot of research on marijuana due to its long history of being classified as a schedule 1 drug, which was a large block for much research. The purpose of this study is to view and compare how different states’ marijuana legislation influences adolescent marijuana usage, specifically high school students. Using mainly the CDC’s 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey, and some data obtained from state’s Department of Public Health, a one-way ANOVA test was run to compare adolescent marijuana use in states with varying marijuana legislation. The study found no significant difference in adolescent marijuana use between no legalization vs limited medical legalization and non-limited medical legalization vs recreational legalization. Both non-limited medical legalization and recreational legalization were found to show a significantly higher rate of adolescent marijuana use compared to both no legalization and limited medical legalization groups. Presentation: 4:1

Grain growth of maize after local application of subzero temperature : thermal properties of ears

International audienc

Two years treatment with almitrine bismesylate in patients with hypoxic chronic obstructive airways disease.

Eighty nine patients with hypoxic chronic obstructive airways disease (COAD) were enrolled into the 1 year Vectarion International Multicentre Study-VIMS in 4 centres, Sheffield (UK), and Antwerp, Liege and Namur (Belgium). At the end of the year the remainder were invited to continue taking placebo or almitrine bismesylate (100-200 mg daily) in the same double blind manner for a further 12 months. In the almitrine treated patients mean arterial oxygen tension (Pao2) at the end of the treatment period improved from 7.5 (0.5) kPa to 8.2 (1.3) kPa (p less than 0.01) and arterial carbon dioxide tension (Paco2) fell from 6.1 (0.8) kPa to 5.8 (0.9) kPa (p less than 0.01). Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and measurements of breathlessness were unchanged. In the placebo treated group changes in the above variables were not significant. Twenty nine patients withdrew from the almitrine group with seven deaths and six cases of peripheral neuropathy, and 22 patients withdrew from the placebo group with six deaths and two cases of peripheral neuropathy. Death rates between the groups were not significantly different. In conclusion, 2 yrs of almitrine treatment (100-200 mg daily) leads to a persistent slight improvement in PaO2 and PaCO2 but no benefit in survival was demonstrated. Patients in this study had a high incidence of drug related side-effects. Lower dose schedules should be investigated

Untangling dopamine-adenosine receptor-receptor assembly in experimental parkinsonism in rats

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a dopaminergic-related pathology in which functioning of the basal ganglia is altered. It has been postulated that a direct receptor-receptor interaction - i.e. of dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) with adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) (forming D2R-A2AR oligomers) - finely regulates this brain area. Accordingly, elucidating whether the pathology prompts changes to these complexes could provide valuable information for the design of new PD therapies. Here, we first resolved a long-standing question concerning whether D2R-A2AR assembly occurs in native tissue: by means of different complementary experimental approaches (i.e. immunoelectron microscopy, proximity ligation assay and TR-FRET), we unambiguously identified native D2R-A2AR oligomers in rat striatum. Subsequently, we determined that, under pathological conditions (i.e. in a rat PD model), D2R-A2AR interaction was impaired. Collectively, these results provide definitive evidence for alteration of native D2R-A2AR oligomers in experimental parkinsonism, thus conferring the rationale for appropriate oligomerbased PD treatments.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Untangling dopamine-adenosine receptor assembly in experimental parkinsonism in rats

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a dopaminergic-related pathology in which functioning of the basal ganglia is altered. It has been postulated that a direct receptor-receptor interaction - i.e. of dopamine D-2 receptor (D2R) with adenosine A(2A) receptor (A(2A)R) (forming D2R-A(2A)R oligomers) - finely regulates this brain area. Accordingly, elucidating whether the pathology prompts changes to these complexes could provide valuable information for the design of new PD therapies. Here, we first resolved a long-standing question concerning whether D2R-A(2A)R assembly occurs in native tissue: by means of different complementary experimental approaches (i.e. immunoelectron microscopy, proximity ligation assay and TR-FRET), we unambiguously identified native D2R-A(2A)R oligomers in rat striatum. Subsequently, we determined that, under pathological conditions (i.e. in a rat PD model), D2R-A(2A)R interaction was impaired. Collectively, these results provide definitive evidence for alteration of native D2R-A(2A)R oligomers in experimental parkinsonism, thus conferring the rationale for appropriate oligomer-based PD treatments

Open-topic issue

Commonwealth Essays and Studies 30.2 is an eclectic open-topic issue that covers a variety of genres and a vast range of postcolonial writers (Soyinka and Achebe, but also Lahiri and Mukherjee) emerging from multiple cultural and geographical areas, from Ireland (Friel) to New Zealand (Ihimaera), both diasporic and rooted, and thus engaging in dialogic relations with amorphous readerships

Untangling dopamine-adenosine receptor assembly in experimental parkinsonism in rats

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a dopaminergic-related pathology in which functioning of the basal ganglia is altered. It has been postulated that a direct receptor-receptor interaction - i.e. of dopamine D-2 receptor (D2R) with adenosine A(2A) receptor (A(2A)R) (forming D2R-A(2A)R oligomers) - finely regulates this brain area. Accordingly, elucidating whether the pathology prompts changes to these complexes could provide valuable information for the design of new PD therapies. Here, we first resolved a long-standing question concerning whether D2R-A(2A)R assembly occurs in native tissue: by means of different complementary experimental approaches (i.e. immunoelectron microscopy, proximity ligation assay and TR-FRET), we unambiguously identified native D2R-A(2A)R oligomers in rat striatum. Subsequently, we determined that, under pathological conditions (i.e. in a rat PD model), D2R-A(2A)R interaction was impaired. Collectively, these results provide definitive evidence for alteration of native D2R-A(2A)R oligomers in experimental parkinsonism, thus conferring the rationale for appropriate oligomer-based PD treatments