22 research outputs found
Deep Learning-Based Detector for OFDM-IM
This letter presents the first attempt of exploiting deep learning (DL) in the signal detection of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM) systems. Particularly, we propose a novel DL-based detector termed as DeepIM, which employs a deep neural network with fully connected layers to recover data bits in an OFDM-IM system. To enhance the performance of DeepIM, the received signal and channel vectors are pre-processed based on the domain knowledge before entering the network. Using datasets collected by simulations, DeepIM is first trained offline to minimize the bit error rate (BER) and then the trained model is deployed for the online signal detection of OFDM-IM. Simulation results show that DeepIM can achieve a near-optimal BER with a lower runtime than existing hand-crafted detectors
Optimizing energy costs in a zinc and lead mine
Boliden Tara Mines Ltd. consumed 184.7 GWh of electricity in 2014, equating to over 1% of the national demand of Ireland or approximately 35,000 homes. Ireland's industrial electricity prices, at an average of 13 c/KWh in 2014, are amongst the most expensive in Europe. Cost effective electricity procurement is ever more pressing for businesses to remain competitive. In parallel, the proliferation of intelligent devices has led to the industrial Internet of Things paradigm becoming mainstream. As more and more devices become equipped with network connectivity, smart metering is fast becoming a means of giving energy users access to a rich array of consumption data. These modern sensor networks have facilitated the development of applications to process, analyse, and react to continuous data streams in real-time. Subsequently, future procurement and consumption decisions can be informed by a highly detailed evaluation of energy usage. With these considerations in mind, this paper uses variable energy prices from Irelandâs Single Electricity Market, along with smart meter sensor data, to simulate the scheduling of an industrial-sized underground pump station in Tara Mines. The objective is to reduce the overall energy costs whilst still functioning within the system's operational constraints. An evaluation using real-world electricity prices and detailed sensor data for 2014 demonstrates significant savings of up to 10.72% over the year compared to the existing control systems
Efficient synthesis of aryldipyrromethanes in water and their application in the synthesis of corroles and dipyrromethenes
Efficient synthesis of aryldipyrromethanes in water and their application in the synthesis of corroles and dipyrromethenes
Linear and Cyclic Amides with a Thiophene Backbone: Ultrasound-Promoted Synthesis and Crystal Structures
A full synthetic study of linear and cyclic thiophene
oligoamides
has been carried out. The combination of an ultrasonic technique to
diminish the intramolecular backfolding of longer oligoamide chains,
therefore enhancing the accessibility of the carboxylic acid, and
T3P as coupling reagent led to shorter reaction time and higher yields
for both linear and cyclic oligoamides. By controlling the degree
of dilution, macrocyclic amides with different sizes can selectively
be prepared. Different crystal structures of cyclic thiophene oligoamides
were also analyzed
Linear and Cyclic Amides with a Thiophene Backbone: Ultrasound-Promoted Synthesis and Crystal Structures
A full synthetic study of linear and cyclic thiophene
oligoamides
has been carried out. The combination of an ultrasonic technique to
diminish the intramolecular backfolding of longer oligoamide chains,
therefore enhancing the accessibility of the carboxylic acid, and
T3P as coupling reagent led to shorter reaction time and higher yields
for both linear and cyclic oligoamides. By controlling the degree
of dilution, macrocyclic amides with different sizes can selectively
be prepared. Different crystal structures of cyclic thiophene oligoamides
were also analyzed
Linear and Cyclic Amides with a Thiophene Backbone: Ultrasound-Promoted Synthesis and Crystal Structures
A full synthetic study of linear and cyclic thiophene
oligoamides
has been carried out. The combination of an ultrasonic technique to
diminish the intramolecular backfolding of longer oligoamide chains,
therefore enhancing the accessibility of the carboxylic acid, and
T3P as coupling reagent led to shorter reaction time and higher yields
for both linear and cyclic oligoamides. By controlling the degree
of dilution, macrocyclic amides with different sizes can selectively
be prepared. Different crystal structures of cyclic thiophene oligoamides
were also analyzed
Distributed Virtual Inertia Control for Frequency Regulation in Islanded Microgrids
In the absence of synchronous generator, distributed energy resources such as solar or wind generations need to provide inertia support to guarantee stable operation of a low-inertia islanded AC microgrid. This paper proposes a distributed method to regulate the system frequency by emulating the behavior of a conventional synchronous generator in term of virtual inertia control, using the coordination of both reserved active and reactive power of distributed energy resources. This paper proposed a multi-layer hierarchical control structure for MGs, using consensus algorithm and Andronov-Hopf based Virtual Oscillator Control. The proposed method, besides providing advantages of conventional AHO over well-known droop control method, is able to eliminate the frequency deviation and improves the system frequency response, while maintaining accurate load power-sharing among DERs in proportion to their rated power regardless of the line impedance nonuniform and network topology. An important feature of the proposed method is that it coordinates both reserved active and reactive power output of DERs to provide frequency regulation, reducing the need of high active power utilization during the inertia response. Therefore, the proposed method is more economical meaningful. The numerical simulations in Matlab/Simulink validate the effectiveness of the proposed method
Vibrational states of Zn-meso-indolo[3,2-b]carbazolyl-substituted porphyrins: Fluorescence line narrowing study
Highly resolved vibrational spectra for the Zn-complexes of several meso-substituted tetraarylporphyrins were recorded by fluorescence line narrowing (FLN) method at liquid helium temperature. The frequencies of the vibronic lines of the Zn-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP), the Zn-5,10,15,20-tetramesitylporphyrin (ZnTMesP) and four meso-indolocarbazolyl-substituted porphyrin compounds in the FLN spectra have been measured and compared. The frequencies, maximum amplitude changes for natural coordinates and the symmetry of the normal modes for ZnTPP and ZnTMesP were also determined on the basis of DFT quantum-chemical calculations. Differences in the orientation of the meso-aryl rings for ZnTPP and ZnTMesP have been identified and discussed. An explanation for the spectral changes upon substitution with indolo[3,2-b]carbazole units is given providing further elucidation on the structural features arising upon the progressive substitution with ICZ groups. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved