Adaptacao brasileira de questionario para avaliar adesao terapeutica em hipertensao arterial

OBJETIVO: Descrever etapas da adaptação transcultural de questionário de avaliação de adesão terapêutica em hipertensão arterial, desenvolvido no idioma espanhol, para aplicação ao contexto brasileiro. MÉTODOS: A fim de estabelecer equivalências conceitual, de itens, semântica e operacional, foram realizadas duas traduções para o português de modo independente e duas retraduções para o espanhol. Traduções e retraduções foram avaliadas quanto à alteração nos significados referencial e geral. Realizaram-se duas aplicações de pré-testes com pacientes hipertensos e/ou diabéticos, com a versão síntese, que contribuíram para identificar diferentes problemas e confirmar decisões tomadas. RESULTADOS: A segunda tradução e retradução foram mais bem avaliadas, pois não houve alteração dos significados para cinco dos 12 itens do questionário. Foram feitas alterações operacionais, e uma vinheta com as opções de resposta e um exemplo no enunciado do instrumento facilitaram a aplicação nas entrevistas. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados obtidos na avaliação das equivalências conceitual, de itens, semântica e operacional permitiram chegar a uma versão em português do questionário MBG para avaliar adesão terapêutica para aplicação no contexto brasileiro.OBJETIVO: Describir etapas de la adaptación transcultural de cuestionario de evaluación de adhesión terapéutica en hipertensión arterial desarrollado en el idioma español para aplicación al contexto brasileño. MÉTODOS: con el fin de establecer equivalencias conceptual, de itens, semántica y operativa, se realizaron dos traducciones al portugués de modo independiente y dos re-traducciones al español. Traducciones y re-traducciones fueron evaluadas con relación a la alteración en los significados referencial y general. Se realizaron dos aplicaciones de pre-pruebas con pacientes hipertensos y/o diabéticos, con la versión síntesis que contribuyeron a identificar diferentes problemas y confirmar decisiones tomadas. RESULTADOS: la segunda traducción y re-traducción fueron evaluadas, pues no hubo alteración de los significados en cinco de los 12 itens del cuestionario. Se realizaron alteraciones operativas y una viñeta con las opciones de respuesta y un ejemplo en el enunciado del instrumento facilitaron la aplicación en las entrevistas. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación de las equivalencias conceptual, de itens, semántica y operativa permitieron llegar a una versión en portugués del cuestionario MBG para evaluar adhesión terapéutica para la aplicación en el contexto brasileño.OBJECTIVE To describe the cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire evaluating adhesion to treatment for arterial hypertension from its original Spanish version to a Portuguese version, to be applied in Brazil. METHODS In order to establish conceptual, semantic and operational equivalents of the items, two independent translations to Portuguese, and two back-translations into Spanish were performed. The translations and back-translations were assessed for changes in referential and general meanings. The synthesis of the translations was applied in pre-tests with patients with arterial hypertension and/or diabetes, which were important to identify different problems and confirm earlier decisions. RESULTS In general, the second translation and back translation were evaluated more positively because the translation process did not affect the meanings in five of the twelve items of the questionnaire. Operational changes were made and a vignette with response options and an example included in the instrument facilitated application in interviews. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained in the process of evaluating the items’ conceptual, semantic and operational equivalence allowed the construction of a Portuguese version of the MBG questionnaire to assess adherence to treatment which can be applied in the Brazilian context

Stakeholders’ perspectives on access-to-medicines policy and research priorities in Latin America and the Caribbean: face-to-face and web-based interviews

Background: This study aims to rank policy concerns and policy-related research issues in order to identify policy and research gaps on access to medicines (ATM) in low- and middle-income countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), as perceived by policy makers, researchers, NGO and international organization representatives, as part of a global prioritization exercise. Methods: Data collection, conducted between January and May 2011, involved face-to-face interviews in El Salvador, Colombia, Dominican Republic, and Suriname, and an e-mail survey with key-stakeholders. Respondents were asked to choose the five most relevant criteria for research prioritization and to score policy/research items according to the degree to which they represented current policies, desired policies, current research topics, and/or desired research topics. Mean scores and summary rankings were obtained. Linear regressions were performed to contrast rankings concerning current and desired policies (policy gaps), and current and desired research (research gaps). Results: Relevance, feasibility, and research utilization were the top ranked criteria for prioritizing research. Technical capacity, research and development for new drugs, and responsiveness, were the main policy gaps. Quality assurance, staff technical capacity, price regulation, out-of-pocket payments, and cost containment policies, were the main research gaps. There was high level of coherence between current and desired policies: coefficients of determination (R2) varied from 0.46 (Health system structure; r = 0.68, P <0.01) to 0.86 (Sustainable financing; r = 0.93, P <0.01). There was also high coherence between current and desired research on Rational selection and use of medicines (r = 0.71, P <0.05, R2 = 0.51), Pricing/affordability (r = 0.82, P <0.01, R2 = 0.67), and Sustainable financing (r = 0.76, P <0.01, R2 = 0.58). Coherence was less for Health system structure (r = 0.61, P <0.01, R2 = 0.38). Conclusions: This study combines metrics approaches, contributing to priority setting methodology development, with country and regional level stakeholder participation. Stakeholders received feedback with the results, and we hope to have contributed to the discussion and implementation of ATM research and policy priorities in LAC

Adaptacao brasileira de questionario para avaliar adesao terapeutica em hipertensao arterial

OBJETIVO: Descrever etapas da adaptação transcultural de questionário de avaliação de adesão terapêutica em hipertensão arterial, desenvolvido no idioma espanhol, para aplicação ao contexto brasileiro. MÉTODOS: A fim de estabelecer equivalências conceitual, de itens, semântica e operacional, foram realizadas duas traduções para o português de modo independente e duas retraduções para o espanhol. Traduções e retraduções foram avaliadas quanto à alteração nos significados referencial e geral. Realizaram-se duas aplicações de pré-testes com pacientes hipertensos e/ou diabéticos, com a versão síntese, que contribuíram para identificar diferentes problemas e confirmar decisões tomadas. RESULTADOS: A segunda tradução e retradução foram mais bem avaliadas, pois não houve alteração dos significados para cinco dos 12 itens do questionário. Foram feitas alterações operacionais, e uma vinheta com as opções de resposta e um exemplo no enunciado do instrumento facilitaram a aplicação nas entrevistas. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados obtidos na avaliação das equivalências conceitual, de itens, semântica e operacional permitiram chegar a uma versão em português do questionário MBG para avaliar adesão terapêutica para aplicação no contexto brasileiro

Internal consistency and interrater reliability of the Brazilian version of Martín-Bayarre-Grau (MBG) adherence scale

ABSTRACT This paper aims to analyze the measurement equivalence aspects (internal consistency and interrater reliability) of a Brazilian version of Martín-Bayarre-Grau (MBG) adherence questionnaire as part of its cross-cultural adaptation. Item-total correlation and Cronbach's alpha coefficients were used as internal consistency estimates. Stability was evaluated through test and retest comparison and expressed through intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and kappa with quadratic weighting. ICC for the overall scale was 0.81, indicating an "almost perfect" agreement. However, some cases of "poor" and "slight" agreements were found while analyzing individual items. The translated version of the MBG questionnaire showed good homogeneity (alpha 0.78), higher than cutoff points suggested in the literature. The scale has proved capable of measuring the level of adherence to treatment in hypertensive and/or diabetic patients in a reliable way