A randomised trial of the bone formation after maxillary sinus floor augmentation with bovine hydroxyapatite (Cerabone®) and Photobiomodulation: histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analysis

The use of non-autogenous biomaterial to increase bone height in the maxillary sinus has been shown to be effective, but the results are still inconclusive.Eight participants were selected and included in the research. After surgical access with osteotomy on the lateral wall of both maxillary sinuses, these were filled with Cerabone®. Then, by blind randomization, they received one of the following treatments: Filling with Cerabone® (Control group); treatment with Photobiomodulation (PBM), filling with Cerabone® and treatment with low-power laser (PBM group). Biopsies were obtained 30 days after the surgery, using a 2.8 mm internal diameter trephine bur. Qualitative and quantitative histological analyzes were performed and immunohistochemical analyzes of osteocalcin (OCN) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were performed with scores for each of the biological events.The Cerabone® biomaterial demonstrated a high degree of biocompatibility. New bone formation was observed in both groups. In the PBM group, there was greater bone formation and newly formed tissue in an advanced state of bone maturation. The immunostaining of OCN was greater at 30 days in the PBM group than in the control. There was no significant difference in TRAP immunostaining at 30 days between the groups.Low-power laser-mediated by PBM promoted greater bone formation; the newly formed tissue showed a more advanced state of bone maturation in maxillary sinuses filled with Cerabone® biomaterial and treatment with PBM, within the 30-day evaluation period

In vivo comparative study of the effects of using the enamel matrix derivative and/or photobiomodulation on the repair of bone defects

The repair of bone defects has been the subject of many studies that have shown inconclusive results as to what is the best bone substitute. Bone defects (Ø 2 mm) were induced on the tibia of seventy-two rats, which were distributed into the following

Short-term clinical and immunologic effects of scaling and root planing with Er : YAG laser in chronic periodontitis

Background: Recently, the erbium-doped:yttrium, aluminum, and garnet (Er:YAG) laser has been used for periodontal therapy. This study compared Er:YAG laser irradiation (100 mJ/pulse, 10 Hz, 12.9 J/cm(2)) with or without conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) to SRP only for the treatment of periodontal pockets affected with chronic periodontitis.Methods: Twenty-one subjects with pockets from 5 to 9 mm in non-adjacent sites were studied. In a split-mouth design, each site was randomly allocated to a treatment group: SRP and laser (SRPL), laser only (L), SRP only (SRP), or no treatment (C). The plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and interleukin (IL)-1 beta levels in crevicular fluid were evaluated at baseline and at 12 and 30 days postoperatively, whereas probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated at baseline and 30 days after treatment. A statistical analysis was conducted (P<0.05).Results: Twelve days postoperatively, the PI decreased for SRPL and SRP groups (P<0.05); the GI increased for L, SRP, and C groups but decreased for the SRPL group (P<0.05); and BOP decreased for SRPL, L, and SRP groups (P<0.01). Thirty days postoperatively, BOP decreased for treated groups and was lower than the C group (P<0.05). PD decreased in treated groups (P<0.001), and differences were found between SRPL and C groups (P<0.05). CAL gain was significant only for the SRP group (P<0.01). GR increased for SRPL and L groups (P<0.05). No difference in IL-1 beta was detected among groups and periods.Conclusion: Er:YAG laser irradiation may be used as an adjunctive aid for the treatment of periodontal pockets, although a significant CAL gain was observed with SRP alone and not with laser treatment

Blood cell attachment to root surfaces treated with EDTA gel Adesão de células sangüíneas a superfícies radiculares tratadas com gel de EDTA

Root debridement generates a smear layer which contains microorganisms and toxins that could interfere in periodontal healing. For this reason, different substances have been used to remove it and to expose collagen fibers at the tooth surface. Blood element adhesion to demineralized roots and clot stabilization by collagen fibers are extremely important for the success of periodontal surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the different patterns of blood element adsorption and adhesion to root surfaces only irrigated with distilled water and after application of a manipulated or an industrialized EDTA gel. Thirty samples were planed, equally divided into three groups and treated with distilled water (control), a manipulated EDTA gel or an industrialized one. Immediately after, samples were exposed to fresh blood and prepared for scanning electron microscopy. Untreated planed dentin presented the best results with blood cells entrapped in a thick web of fibrin. In the manipulated EDTA group, the web of fibrin was thick with sparse blood elements. The worst result was seen with the industrialized EDTA group, in which no blood elements could be seen. Statistical difference was obtained between control and industrialized EDTA groups. Surfaces only irrigated presented the most organized fibrin network and cell entrapment.<br>A raspagem gera "smear layer", a qual contém microrganismos e toxinas que podem interferir no reparo periodontal. Por esse motivo, diferentes substâncias têm sido empregadas para remover esta camada e expor fibras colágenas da superfície dental. A adesão de elementos sangüíneos a superfícies radiculares desmineralizadas e a estabilização do colágeno pelas fibras colágenas são de extrema importância no sucesso da cirurgia periodontal. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os diferentes padrões de adsorção e adesão de elementos sangüíneos a superfícies radiculares apenas irrigadas com água destilada e após aplicação de um gel de EDTA manipulado ou um industrializado. Trinta amostras foram raspadas, eqüitativamente divididas em 3 grupos e tratadas com água destilada (controle), um gel de EDTA manipulado ou um industrializado. Imediatamente foram expostas a sangue fresco e preparadas para microscopia eletrônica de varredura. As superfícies dentinárias apenas raspadas apresentaram os melhores resultados, com moderada quantidade de células sangüíneas entremeadas em uma fina rede de fibrina. No grupo de EDTA manipulado, a rede de fibrina foi pouco visível com escassas células. Os piores resultados foram observados com o EDTA industrializado, caracterizados pela ausência de elementos sangüíneos. Estatisticamente houve diferença apenas entre os grupos controle e EDTA industrializado. As superfícies apenas irrigadas apresentaram rede de fibrina mais bem organizada com células entremeadas

Evidence Linking <i>PPARG</i> Genetic Variants with Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Brazilian Population

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) gene encodes a transcription factor involved in the regulation of complex metabolic and inflammatory diseases. We investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes of the PPARG gene could contribute with susceptibility to develop periodontitis alone or together with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, we evaluated the gene–phenotype association by assessing the subjects’ biochemical and periodontal parameters, and the expression of PPARG and other immune response–related genes. We examined 345 subjects with a healthy periodontium and without T2DM, 349 subjects with moderate or severe periodontitis but without T2DM, and 202 subjects with moderate or severe periodontitis and T2DM. PPARG SNPs rs12495364, rs1801282, rs1373640, and rs1151999 were investigated. Multiple logistic regressions adjusted for age, sex, and smoking status showed that individuals carrying rs1151999-GG had a 64% lower chance of developing periodontitis together with T2DM. The CCGT haplotype increased the risk of developing periodontitis together with T2DM. The rs1151999-GG and rs12495364-TC were associated with reduced risk of obesity, periodontitis, elevated triglycerides, and elevated glycated hemoglobin, but there was no association with gene expression. Polymorphisms of the PPARG gene were associated with developing periodontitis together with T2DM, and with obesity, lipid, glycemic, and periodontal characteristics