830 research outputs found
A Bregman forward-backward linesearch algorithm for nonconvex composite optimization: superlinear convergence to nonisolated local minima
We introduce Bella, a locally superlinearly convergent Bregman forward
backward splitting method for minimizing the sum of two nonconvex functions,
one of which satisfying a relative smoothness condition and the other one
possibly nonsmooth. A key tool of our methodology is the Bregman
forward-backward envelope (BFBE), an exact and continuous penalty function with
favorable first- and second-order properties, and enjoying a nonlinear error
bound when the objective function satisfies a Lojasiewicz-type property. The
proposed algorithm is of linesearch type over the BFBE along candidate update
directions, and converges subsequentially to stationary points, globally under
a KL condition, and owing to the given nonlinear error bound can attain
superlinear convergence rates even when the limit point is a nonisolated
minimum, provided the directions are suitably selected
Learning from and with the education movements in Greece and Brazil: Knowledge, action and alternatives
The insights shared in this paper are based on research conducted in Greece and Brazil It is centered around the exploration of activist knowledge as a distinct form of knowledge. In doing this, it discusses the role of reflection in acquiring critical consciousness as well as the unified and holistic character of activist knowledge. This unity entails the intertwining of action with reflection and action with theory. It shows how critique forms a key feature of activist knowledge and highlights some nuances, tensions and contradictions inherent in the knowledge production of this kind. The latter is shown to be underpinned by plural dialogical processes, which further challenge and enrich knowledge produced in social movements. The paper aims to feedback insights from theory into praxis and vice versa. To achieve its aims, it approaches learning as an ongoing part of the quest for meaning and the quest of meaning as an integral part of acting
Robust Linear Regression Analysis - A Greedy Approach
The task of robust linear estimation in the presence of outliers is of
particular importance in signal processing, statistics and machine learning.
Although the problem has been stated a few decades ago and solved using
classical (considered nowadays) methods, recently it has attracted more
attention in the context of sparse modeling, where several notable
contributions have been made. In the present manuscript, a new approach is
considered in the framework of greedy algorithms. The noise is split into two
components: a) the inlier bounded noise and b) the outliers, which are
explicitly modeled by employing sparsity arguments. Based on this scheme, a
novel efficient algorithm (Greedy Algorithm for Robust Denoising - GARD), is
derived. GARD alternates between a least square optimization criterion and an
Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) selection step that identifies the outliers.
The case where only outliers are present has been studied separately, where
bounds on the \textit{Restricted Isometry Property} guarantee that the recovery
of the signal via GARD is exact. Moreover, theoretical results concerning
convergence as well as the derivation of error bounds in the case of additional
bounded noise are discussed. Finally, we provide extensive simulations, which
demonstrate the comparative advantages of the new technique
A Simple and Efficient Algorithm for Nonlinear Model Predictive Control
We present PANOC, a new algorithm for solving optimal control problems
arising in nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC). A usual approach to this
type of problems is sequential quadratic programming (SQP), which requires the
solution of a quadratic program at every iteration and, consequently, inner
iterative procedures. As a result, when the problem is ill-conditioned or the
prediction horizon is large, each outer iteration becomes computationally very
expensive. We propose a line-search algorithm that combines forward-backward
iterations (FB) and Newton-type steps over the recently introduced
forward-backward envelope (FBE), a continuous, real-valued, exact merit
function for the original problem. The curvature information of Newton-type
methods enables asymptotic superlinear rates under mild assumptions at the
limit point, and the proposed algorithm is based on very simple operations:
access to first-order information of the cost and dynamics and low-cost direct
linear algebra. No inner iterative procedure nor Hessian evaluation is
required, making our approach computationally simpler than SQP methods. The
low-memory requirements and simple implementation make our method particularly
suited for embedded NMPC applications
Pushover analysis for seismic assessment and design of structures
The earthquake resistant design of structures requires that structures should sustain, safely,
any ground motions of an intensity that might occur during their construction or in their
normal use. However ground motions are unique in the effects they have on structural
responses. The most accurate analysis procedure for structures subjected to strong ground
motions is the time-history analysis. This analysis involves the integration of the equations
of motion of a multi-degree-of-freedom system, MDOF, in the time domain using a
stepwise solution in order to represent the actual response of a structure. This method is
time-consuming though for application in all practical purposes. The necessity for faster
methods that would ensure a reliable structural assessment or design of structures subjected
to seismic loading led to the pushover analysis.
Pushover analysis is based on the assumption that structures oscillate predominantly in the
first mode or in the lower modes of vibration during a seismic event. This leads to a
reduction of the multi-degree-of-freedom, MDOF system, to an equivalent single-degreeof-
freedom, ESDOF system, with properties predicted by a nonlinear static analysis of the
MDOF system. The ESDOF system is then subsequently subjected to a nonlinear timehistory
analysis or to a response spectrum analysis with constant-ductility spectra, or
damped spectra. The seismic demands calculated for the ESDOF system are transformed
through modal relationships to the seismic demands of the MDOF system.
In this study the applicability of the pushover method as an alternative mean to general
design and assessment is examined. Initially a series of SDOF systems is subjected to two
different pushover methods and to nonlinear-time-history analyses. The results from this
study show that pushover analysis is not able to capture the seismic demands imposed by
far-field or near-fault ground motions, especially for short-period systems for which it can
lead to significant errors in the estimation of the seismic demands. In the case of near-fault
ground motions the results suggest that pushover analysis may underestimate the
displacement demands for systems with periods lower than half the dominant pulse period
of the ground motion and overestimate them for systems with periods equal or higher than
half the dominant pulse period of the ground motion. Subsequently a two-degree-offreedom,
2-DOF, is studied in the same manner with specific intention to assess the
accuracy of the different load patterns proposed in the literature. For this system pushover
analysis performed similarly as in the SDOF study. Finally the method is applied on a
four-storey reinforced concrete frame structure. For this study pushover analysis was not
effective in capturing the seismic demands imposed by both a far-field and a near-fault
ground motion. Overall pushover analysis can be unconservative in estimating seismic
demands of structures and it may lead to unsafe design
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