Estudo comparativo da radiografia panorâmica digital e tomografia cone beam de alta resolução no rastreamento de lesões dos maxilares em mieloma múltiplo

Justificativa: O Mieloma Múltiplo (MM) é uma neoplasia hematológica maligna caracterizada pela proliferação de células plasmáticas anormais na medula óssea. A radiografia panorâmica digital e a tomografia cone beam de alta resolução são técnicas imaginológicas comumente utilizadas na avaliação de lesões ósseas maxilares. Objetivos: Avaliar a relação entre o tamanho das lesões ósseas e a sensibilidade das duas técnicas de imagem na detecção de lesões em pacientes com mieloma múltiplo. Metodologia: Estudo observacional, transversal e analítico. A amostra foi composta por 28 participantes, e os resultados foram descritos através de estatística descritivas e inferenciais, e o intervalo de confiança considerado foi de 95%. Resultados: Há diversos aspectos relevantes utilizando técnicas avançadas de diagnóstico. Um dos resultados foi a eficácia comparativa entre as técnicas empregadas, que evidenciou a superior precisão da tomografia na detecção de lesões ósseas dos maxilares (p=0,01; Mann-Whitney). Também um avanço significativo na capacidade de diagnóstico em detalhes, precoce e preciso que são estratégias fundamentais para o sucesso do tratamento. Conclusão: As técnicas de imagem para a abordagem do Mieloma Múltiplo têm melhor acurácia, sensibilidade e dimensão considerando-se a tomografia. Mas apesar das diferenças significativas deve-se analisar cada caso e técnica de forma mais holística e peculiar. Este trabalho não demonstra grandes diferenças entre os dados demográficos como faixas etárias e gênero, e a tomografia comparada à radiografia demonstra que apesar de apresentar uma pequena diferença significativa deve-se observar outros parâmetros na prática clínica

SNPs in DNA repair genes associated to meningitis and host immune response

In vitro and in animal models, APE1, OGG1, and PARP-1 have been proposed as being involved with inflammatory response. In this work, we have investigated if the SNPs APE1 Asn148Glu, OGG1 Ser326Cys, and PARP-1 Val762Ala are associated to meningitis. The patient genotypes were investigated by PIRA-PCR or PCR-RFLP. DNA damages were detected in genomic DNA by Fpg treatment. IgG and IgA were measured from plasma and the cytokines and chemokines were measured from cerebrospinal fluid samples using Bio-Plex assays. A higher frequency (P<0.05) of APE1 Glu allele in bacterial meningitis (BM) and aseptic meningitis (AM) patients was observed. The genotypes Asn/Asn in control group and Asn/Glu in BM group was also higher. For the SNP OGG1 Ser326Cys, the genotype Cys/Cys was more frequent (P<0.05) in BM group. The frequency of PARP-1 Val/Val genotype was higher in control group (P<0.05). The occurrence of combined SNPs is significantly higher in BM patients, indicating that these SNPs may be associated to the disease. Increasing in sensitive sites to Fpg was observed in carriers of APE1 Glu allele or OGG1 Cys allele, suggesting that SNPs affect DNA repair activity. Alterations in IgG production were observed in the presence of SNPs APE1 Asn148Glu, OGG1 Ser326Cys or PARP-1 Val762Ala. Moreover, reduction in the levels of IL-6, IL-1Ra, MCP-1/CCL2 and IL-8/CXCL8 was observed in the presence of APE1 Glu allele in BM patients. In conclusion, we obtained indications of an effect of SNPs in DNA repair genes on the regulation of immune response in meningitis

Association of kynurenine aminotransferase II gene C401T polymorphism with immune response in patients with meningitis

<p>Abstract</p> <p><b>Background</b></p> <p>The kynurenine (KYN) pathway has been shown to be altered in several diseases which compromise the central nervous system (CNS) including infectious diseases such as bacterial meningitis (BM). The aim of this study was to assess single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in four genes of KYN pathway in patients with meningitis and their correlation with markers of immune response in BM.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>One hundred and one individuals were enrolled in this study to investigate SNPs in the following genes: indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (<it>IDO1 </it>gene), kynureninase (<it>KYNU </it>gene), kynurenine aminotransferase I (<it>CCBL1 </it>gene), and kynurenine aminotransferase II (<it>AADAT </it>gene). SNP analyses were performed by primer-introduced restriction analysis-PCR (PIRA-PCR) followed by RFLP. Cytokines were measured using multiplex bead assay while immunoglobulins (IG) by immunodiffusion plates and NF-kappaB and c-Jun by dot blot assay.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The variant allele of SNP <it>AADAT</it>+401C/T showed prevalent frequency in patients with BM. A significant decrease (<it>p </it>< 0.05) in TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-1αCCL3 and MIP-1β/CCL4 levels was observed in BM patients homozygous (TT) to the SNP <it>AADAT</it>+401C/T. Furthermore, a significant (<it>p </it>< 0.05) decrease in cell count was observed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with TT genotype. In addition, an increase in the IgG level in adults (<it>p </it>< 0.05) was observed. The variant allele for <it>KYNU</it>+715G/A was found with low frequency in the groups, and the SNPs in <it>IDO1</it>+434T/G, <it>KYNU</it>+693G/A, <it>CCBL1</it>+164T/C, and <it>AADAT</it>+650C/T had no frequency in this population.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b></p> <p>This study is the first report of an association of SNP <it>AADAT</it>+401C/T with the host immune response to BM, suggesting that this SNP may affect the host ability in recruitment of leukocytes to the infection site. This finding may contribute to identifying potential targets for pharmacological intervention as adjuvant therapy for BM.</p