Red-emitting Ba2Si5N8Eu2+ conversion phosphor: A new selection for enhancing the optical performance of the in-cup packaging MCW-LEDs

In this research, the influence of the red-emitting Ba2Si5N8Eu2+ convention phosphor on the optical performance of the 7,000K and 7,700K in-cup packaging multi-chip white LEDs (MCW-LEDs) is investigated. The effect of the red-emitting Ba2Si5N8Eu2+ convention phosphor is demonstrated based on Mie Theory by Mat Lab and Light Tools software. The research results indicated that the optical performance of MCW-LEDs was crucially affected by the red-emitting Ba2Si5N8Eu2+ phosphor's concentration. This paper provides an essential recommendation for selecting and developing the phosphor materials for MW-LEDs manufacturing.Web of Science51art. no. 148615

Assessment and Simulation of Impacts of Climate Change on Erosion and Water Flow by Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool and GIS: Case Study in Upper Cau River basin in Vietnam

The Upper Cau river basin which plays an important role in socio-economic developments the North of Vietnam is sensitive to changes of climate influencing flows, erosion, and water resources. The main objective of this study is to assess and simulate impacts of climate change on erosion and water flow in the basin. Using a GIS database and Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, the water flow and soil loss were assessed with data in period 1980-1999 called the based period, then simulated until 2100 considering the medium emission scenario (B2). The simulation result showed that the total annual runoff and soil loss tends to increase compared to the base period. For flow, the change rate of the simulation period is higher than the base period; the water flow rate will increase by 0.22% (2020-2039) and up to 1.37% (2080-2100). The total annual soil loss of the simulation period at Gia Bay station tends to increase steadily compared to the baseline, namely by 6.2% (2020-2039) and 25.5% (2080-2100). Overall, the result in this study shows that effects of climate changes on the basin are severe enough under the scenario B2 which is useful for authorities for basin management.ReferencesAli R., McFarlane D., Varma S., Dawes W., Emelyanova I., Hodgson G., Charles S., 2012. Potential climate change impacts on groundwater resources of south-western Australia. Journal of Hydrology, 475, 456-472. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.04.043 Arnell N. W., 2004. Climate change and global water resources: SRES emissions and socio-economic scenarios. Global Environmental Change, 14(1), 31- 52. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2003.10.006 Arnold J. G., Fohrer N., 2005. SWAT2000: Current capabilities and research opportunities in applied watershed modeling. Hydrol. Proc., 19(3), 563-572. Arnold J.G., Kiniry J.R., Srinivasan R., Williams J.R., Haney E.B., Neitsch S.L., 2012. Soil and water assessment tool. Input/output Documentation: Texas Water Resources Institute. Beare S., Heaney A., 2002. Climate Change and water resources in the Murray Darling Basin, Australia, impacts and possible adaptation. Paper presented at the World Congress of Environmental and Resource Economists, Monterey, California, USA. Binh N.D., Tuan N.A., Huong H.L., 2010. SWAT application coupled with web technologies for soil erosion assessment in north western region of Vietnam. Paper presented at the International SWAT Conference Mayfield Hotel. Seoul, South Korea: Hanoi University of Algriculture. Chau T.L.M., Tuan N.Q., 2011. Application of SWAT for soil erosion management at river subbasins in Duong Hoa commune, Huong Thuy town, Thua Thien Hue province. Paper presented at the 3rd National GIS conference Danang University of Education, Danang, Vietnam. CLIMsystems. http://www.climsystems.com/simclim/. Department of Geography, L. U. SDSM Statistical Downscaling Model: http://copublic.lboro.ac.uk/cocwd/SDSM/software.html. FAO. http://www.fao.org/land-water/databases-and-software/cropwat/en/. Hanratty M.P., Stefan H.G., 1998. Simulating climate change effects in a Minnesota agricultural watershed. J. Environ. Qual., 27, 1524-1532. IPCC, 2000. Special Report on Emissions Scenarios. United States of America. IPCC, 2007. Fourth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2007 (AR4). Li Y., Chen B.M., Wang Z.G., Peng S.L., 2011. Effects of temperature change on water discharge, and sediment and nutrient loading in the lower Pearl River basin based on SWAT modeling. Hydrolog. Sci. J., 56, 68-83. Liem N.D., Hong N.T., Minh T.P., Loi N.K., 2011. Assessing water discharge in Be river basin, Vietnam using GIS and SWAT model. Paper presented at the National GIS application Vietnam. http://gisnetwork.vn/wpcontent/uploads/2012/04/GIS2011_BAI1.swf. McBean E., Motiee H., 2008. Assessment of impact of climate change on water resources: a long term analysis of the Great Lakes of North America. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 12, 239-255. MONRE, 2009. Climate Change, Sea level rise scenarios for Vietnam.  Vietnam. MONRE, 2012. Climate Change, Sea level rise scenarios for Vietnam.  Vietnam. MONRE, 2016. Climate Change, Sea level rise scenarios for Vietnam.  Vietnam. Nhu N.Y., 2011. Researching on the impacts of Climate Change on the extreme of the flow on Nhue-Day rivers basin, Hanoi. (Master), Hanoi University of Science, Hanoi National University, Vietnam. Ouyang W., Gao X., Hao Z., Liu H., Shi Y., Hao F., 2017. Farmland shift due to climate warming and impacts on temporal-spatial distributions of water resources in a middle-high latitude agricultural watershed. Journal of Hydrology, 547, 156-167.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.01.050 Phan D.B., Wu C.C., Hsieh S.C., 2011. Impact of Climate Change and Deforestation on Stream Discharge and Sediment Yield in Phu Luong Watershed, Viet Nam Environmental Science and Engineering, 5, 1063-1072. Phan D.B., Wu C.C., Hsieh S.C., 2011. Impact of Climate Change on Stream Discharge and Sediment Yield in Northern Vietnam. Water Resources, 38(6), 827-836. doi: 10.1134/S0097807811060133. Rossi C.G., Srinivasan R., Jirayoot K., Duc T.L., Souvannabouth P., Binh N.D., Gassman P.W., 2009. Hydrologic evaluation of the lower Mekong river basin with the soil and water assessment tool model. International Agricultural Engineering, 18, 1-13. Son N.T., Tuan N.C., Hang V.T., Nhu N.Y., 2011. Impact of climate change on water resources to transform Nhue-Day rivers basin. Natural and Technological Science, 27, 218-226. Thang T.Q., 2010. Application of remote sensing images and GIS technique to assess soil erosion in Tam Nong Commune, Phu Tho province. Master. Hanoi University of Agriculture, Hanoi. Trong T.D., Viet N.Q., Huong D.T.V., 2012. Assessing the soil erosion possibility in Dakrong Commune, Quang Tri province using RMMF (Rrevised Morgan-Morgan-Finney) model. Scientific journal, Hue University,Vietnam, 74A(5), 173-184. Tu L.H., Liem N.D., Minh T.P., Loi N.K., 2011. Assessing soil erosion in Da Tam watershed, Lam Dong province using GIS technique Paper presented at the National GIS application  Danang, Vietnam. Penginapan Ciawi. (2020). Retrieved 21 May 2020, from http://www.penginapanciawi.my.id/ Vargas-Amelin E., Pindado P., 2014. The challenge of climate change in Spain: Water resources, agriculture and land. Journal of Hydrology, 518, Part B, 243-249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.11.035 Winchell M., Srinivasan R., Di Luzio M., Arnold J., 2013. ArcSWAT Interface for SWAT 2012. User's Guide. Texas: Blackland Research and Extension Center; Grassland Soil and Water research laboratory

Texture-Modified Diets Need to be Improved

Purpose : The aim of this study is to compare the nutritional status of older adult inpatients consuming Texture-Modified Diets (TMD) to older adult inpatients consuming a regular diet. Methods : The study was designed as cross-sectional and was conducted in three large hospitals in northern Vietnam. The data for 344 older adult inpatients were collected in 2021 by dietitians. Results : The result showed 104 subjects were prescribed TMD. The textures of hospital diets have still not been adequately developed. In particular, the hospitals had not yet developed pureed meals. All older adult inpatients (74.7 ± 6.8 years old, 52.9% female) had 28.8% malnutrition by the GLIM criteria. The TMD group had a malnutrition prevalence two times higher than the regular diet group. Total energy intake from hospital meal and outside snacks in the regular diet group was higher than in the TMD group, about 150 kcal. Although energy provided from the hospital diet in both groups was similar, hospital meal wastage in the TMD group was higher than in the regular diet group. Conclusion : The older adult inpatients on TMD may have a nutritional status worse than those consuming a regular diet. Hospital diets need to be improved in texture and quality

THÀNH PHẦN LOÀI, PHÂN BỐ VÀ MỐI QUAN HỆ GIỮA QUẦN XÃ CÁ BỐNG VỚI CÁC YẾU TỐ MÔI TRƯỜNG VÀ SINH CƯ Ở VÙNG HẠ LƯU SÔNG THU BỒN, TỈNH QUẢNG NAM

The study was conducted at three sites representing large variation in gradient of salinity from very low (Thanh Ha) to medium (Cam Nam) and high (Cam Thanh) in rainy (12/2015) and dry seasons (6/2016) in downstream area of Thu Bon river. At each site, goby species were sampled with traps and measurements of enviromental factors (pH, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen) and habitats (cover of freshwater weeds-grass, nypa palm-seagrass, sand-mud, mud-sand) were conducted at the 3 sites mentioned above. A total of 14 species belonging to 2 families Gobiidae (8 species) and Eleotridae (6 species) were recorded in rainy and dry seasons, in which the brackishwater site (Cam Thanh) supported the higher number of species (12 species) compared to the transitional site (Cam Nam: 6 species) and the freshwater site (Thanh Ha: 10 species). Results of annalyzing canonical correspondence between goby communities and the enviromental factors and habitats indicate that the distribution of goby community was mainly influenced by pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen and benthic cover of freshwater seaweeds-grass.Nghiên cứu được tiến hành tại 3 khu vực đặc trưng cho sự thay đổi về phông (gradient) độ mặn tầng đáy, từ rất thấp (Thanh Hà) đến trung bình (Cẩm Nam) và cao (Cẩm Thanh) vào 2 đợt đại diện cho mùa mưa (tháng 12/2015) và mùa khô (tháng 6/2016) tại vùng hạ lưu sông Thu Bồn. Tại mỗi khu vực, tiến hành thu mẫu khai thác của nghề lờ (lồng) và đo các yếu tố môi trường cơ bản (pH, nhiệt độ, độ mặn, độ oxy hòa tan) và sinh cư (độ phủ của rong-cỏ nước ngọt, dừa nước-cỏ biển, bùn-cát và cát-bùn) tại 3 trạm đại diện, đồng kết hợp thu mẫu tại các điểm lên cá. Kết quả khảo sát đã ghi nhận được 14 loài thuộc 8 giống của 2 họ cá bống trắng Gobiidae (8 loài) và cá bống đen Eleotridae (6 loài) trong đó khu vực Cẩm Thanh có số lượng loài nhiều nhất (12 loài) so với Thanh Hà (10 loài) và Cẩm Nam (6 loài). Nhìn chung, số lượng loài cá bống ghi nhận được trong mùa mưa cao hơn so với mùa khô tại cả 3 khu vực khảo sát. Kết quả phân tích mối tương quan giữa thành phần loài và độ phong phú của cá bống với các yếu tố môi trường và sinh cư cho thấy sự phân bố của quần xã cá bống chịu sự chi phối của pH, độ mặn, oxy hòa tan và độ phủ của rong-cỏ nước ngọt

Detecting Machine-Translated Text using Back Translation

Machine-translated text plays a crucial role in the communication of people using different languages. However, adversaries can use such text for malicious purposes such as plagiarism and fake review. The existing methods detected a machine-translated text only using the text's intrinsic content, but they are unsuitable for classifying the machine-translated and human-written texts with the same meanings. We have proposed a method to extract features used to distinguish machine/human text based on the similarity between the intrinsic text and its back-translation. The evaluation of detecting translated sentences with French shows that our method achieves 75.0% of both accuracy and F-score. It outperforms the existing methods whose the best accuracy is 62.8% and the F-score is 62.7%. The proposed method even detects more efficiently the back-translated text with 83.4% of accuracy, which is higher than 66.7% of the best previous accuracy. We also achieve similar results not only with F-score but also with similar experiments related to Japanese. Moreover, we prove that our detector can recognize both machine-translated and machine-back-translated texts without the language information which is used to generate these machine texts. It demonstrates the persistence of our method in various applications in both low- and rich-resource languages.Comment: INLG 2019, 9 page

Rural livelihood diversification in the South Central Coast of Vietnam

Agriculture is still a key livelihood earning for most rural households and working for wages does not seem to dramatically increase household income. Moreover, diversification of income sources is found to be influenced by these variables: age of household head, female head, ethnicity of household head, number of dependents, household labor, and community infrastructure. In addition, household labors, and average years of education have positive and statistically significant effects on household income. Households need to be acquainted with educational and training programs. These factors should be considered in policy decisions towards enhancing household income in the region