451 research outputs found
The dynamic relationship between greenfield investments, cross-border M&As, domestic investment and economic growth in Vietnam
Funding: NAFOSTED (grant number 502.02-2020.09).This paper investigates the dynamic linkages between different types of foreign direct investment (FDI), domestic investment and economic growth in Vietnam. We decompose the aggregated FDI level into its two major components: greenfield investments, and cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). The empirical results reveal that greenfield investments and cross-border M&As exhibit different impacts on economic growth. While greenfield investments appear to complement domestic investment, which subsequently promotes long-run economic growth, cross-border M&As exert a significant crowd-out effect and subsequently impede growth in both the short- and the long-run. These results provide important implications for policies to attract FDI in order to stimulate sustainable growth.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Effects of bribery on natural resource efficiency in Vietnam: moderating effects of market competition and credit constraints
This article uses small and medium-sized enterprisesâ (SMEs) survey data in Vietnam from 2007 to 2015 to examine the effects of
bribery on the natural resource efficiency of firms facing credit
constraints and market competition. We also employ the disaggregated resource intensity by water, fuel, and electricity. Creditconstrained firms are broken down into those who have had formal loan applications denied (credit rationed) and those who do
not apply for formal loans due to either the process being too
difficult or the interest rate being too high (discouraged borrowers). Applying instrumental variable method to take into
account the endogeneity problem, the empirical results provide
evidence to support the âsanding-the-wheels of resource efficiencyâ hypothesis. Among the three natural resources, inefficiency is most evident in water consumption. Furthermore, the
effects become more sizable for micro-sized and informally registered firms since they have a lower bargaining power vis-a-vis
public officials. Credit constraints and market competition pressure can reduce a firmâs ability to use natural resources efficientl
Welfare consequences of inconsistent monetary policy implementation in Vietnam
We develop a New Keynesian model featuring Calvo price setting
and Calvo wage setting to quantify the welfare consequences of
shifting trend inflation in Vietnam. To capture the characteristics
of the Vietnamese economy, we use the Simulated Method of
Moment and calibrate parameters jointly to match the important
selected moments of Vietnamese data. The results show a severe
consequence of a constant positive trend inflation and an
exogenous shock to trend inflation, especially when a central
bank sets a high level of inflation target. Among staggered price
and wage contracts, the latter play a vital role in transmitting the
adverse impacts of constant and shifting trend inflation into the
economy. Based on our analyses, raising inflation targets would
seem to be a bad policy prescription in Vietnam
Effects of R&D, networking and leadership roles on environmental innovation adoption in Vietnamâs SMEs
Although small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) constitute a
majority of firms, they still have little knowledge about environmental issues and generally encounter difficulties when integrating environmental aspects into their activities. Similar arguments
are also highlighted by Ha et al. in the case of Vietnam.
This paper, therefore, builds a guideline for promoting SMEsâ
organisational environmental innovation adoption based on
Environmental Standard Certification (ESC) by investigating the
effects of R&D, networking, and leadership roles in Vietnam. By
using SME survey data in Vietnam from 2011 to 2015, the empirical results show that R&D spending and organisational capabilities proxied by already owning ESC are positively associated with
green innovation implementation. We also find that either collaboration with different partners, including competitors, banks, and
public agents or communication networks, affects firmsâ decisions
on green innovations. The demographic characteristics of managers such as gender, educational level, and knowledge about the
environmental laws play determining roles in these decisions.
Finally, we advanced the literature by indicating the moderating
effects of men in leadership roles and leaders with better related
knowledge on the impacts of firmsâ internal resources (R&D) and
firmsâ international orientation (export)
Nonparametric estimation of the fragmentation kernel based on a PDE stationary distribution approximation
We consider a stochastic individual-based model in continuous time to
describe a size-structured population for cell divisions. This model is
motivated by the detection of cellular aging in biology. We address here the
problem of nonparametric estimation of the kernel ruling the divisions based on
the eigenvalue problem related to the asymptotic behavior in large population.
This inverse problem involves a multiplicative deconvolution operator. Using
Fourier technics we derive a nonparametric estimator whose consistency is
studied. The main difficulty comes from the non-standard equations connecting
the Fourier transforms of the kernel and the parameters of the model. A
numerical study is carried out and we pay special attention to the derivation
of bandwidths by using resampling
Determinants Influencing Consumersâ Attitude Towards Online Shopping: An Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model
This research is conducted for investigating determinants influencing consumersâ attitude towards online shopping. The survey was based on 423 Vietnamese Internet users. Data collected was analyzed in accordance with the process from Cronbach's Alpha to EFA and multiple regression technique. The results show that consumersâ attitude towards online shopping was impacted by perceived usefulness, compatibility and trust. Based on the findings, some recommendations are given for retailers to improve customersâ attitude toward online shopping in the context of Vietnam in particular and in emerging countries in general. Keywords: Attitude, Online shopping, Perceived usefulness, Trust
Quasi-optical Measurement for Low Loss Material Characterization in Submillimeter Wave Range
An accurate knowledge of dielectric constant of materials is required in many sub-millimeter wave applications. Free-space measurement of materials has always been one of the first choices due to their non-destructive nature and relatively simple sample preparation. However, free-space measurement systems at sub-millimeter frequency range suffer from two main problems: high loss because of divergent beam pattern and diffraction when the beam waist of the radiated beam is relatively large compared to the size of the sample under tests. In order to mitigate these issues, we set up a quasi-optical system using off-axis parabolic mirrors, which enhance the dynamic range and accuracy of the system. Mirrors are preferred over lenses because of their very low absorption loss. Signals from 75 GHz to 750 GHz are generated by using a vector network analyzer and a frequency extender system in six bands. Our setup consists of a pair of horn antennas operates as feed for two off-axis parabolic mirrors. Once a collimated beam is generated, we measure its characteristics using Gaussian beam mode analysis. The sample under test is then inserted midway between the two mirrors where the beam is collimated. We have measured electric permittivity of material like high-density polyethylene and polypropylene and our results highly agree with already published papers. In the future, we would like to measure some less well-known materials to see if they are suitable for sub-millimeter electronics applications
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