The influence of plating technique and incubation temperature on bacterial count from fish and fishery products

For bacterial sampling of raw unprocessed fish and frozen fishery products, spread plate method is preferable to pour plate method; incubation of plates at 30°C gives a higher count than incubation at 37°C. Analysis of variance of the data shows that sample variation between different types of fishes is highly significant whereas the variations between triplicate plates are not significant at 5 % level

Studies on the growth temperature ranges of bacteria isolated from fresh sardine at different primary incubation temperature

The effect of primary incubation temperature on the growth temperature range was studied with reference to 296 bacterial cultures isolated from sardine using streak plate technique. The primary incubation temperature used during bacteriological sampling caused a selection of strains according to their growth temperature requirements. Incubation at 8°C caused greater recoveries of psychrotrophs while 30°C favored mesophiles. An incubation temperature of 30°C facilitated the growth of both psychrotrophs and mesophiles

Selection of suitable diluents for bacteriological examination of fishery products

For raw, iced and frozen samples of fish and prawn, significant difference was observed in total plate counts done with various diluents, the significance level ranging from 5% to 0.1%. For raw fish, N-saline, seawater and quarter strength Ringers' solution gave maximum total plate counts. In the case of iced-fish, n-saline yielded highest total plate counts. For frozen samples, however, peptone water and n-saline gave good recoveries. Trials with suitable combinations of diluents showed that though some of them were as good as the control, namely n-saline, none were superior in any way

Effect of incubation period on plate count of raw ices and frozen fish

The total viable counts were estimated in one hundred and sixty five samples of raw, iced and frozen fish using incubation periods of 24, 48, 72 and 96h. For raw fish, 24h and for iced and frozen fish 48h incubation of the plates were found to be adequate. Variation between samples was significant at 1% level for raw iced and frozen samples

Studies on frozen characteristics of individually quick frozen and block frozen mackerel

Studies on mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) of medium (4%) and high (11%) lipid contents quick frozen individually (IQF) and as blocks (BF) and stored at -23°C showed that block frozen mackerel had higher frozen storage shelf-life than individually quick frozen samples. IQF samples of medium and high lipid contents had shelf-lives of 17 and 20 weeks whereas BF samples of both series had 23 and 24 weeks respectively based on sensory evaluation

SINTERED TITANIUM AND TITANIUM-GRAPHITE COMPOSITES FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

Introduction

The introduction to this collection sets out the stakes of research on consent in this contemporary moment. It explores current debates about the limitations of consent as a framework for sexual ethics and argues for retaining consent as both a legal standard and a way of opening up questions of autonomy, care, and agreement across varied social contexts. It puts forward a view of the value of multidisciplinary and intersectional approaches to consent that take into account the nuances of precise contexts and individual identities. Offering an overview of consent studies in contemporary scholarship, a contextualisation of this volume and its approach, and a summary of the individual chapters included, the Introduction sets out why consent and its legacies, representations, and future potential continue to matter in our present moment

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Not AvailableThe food borne pathogens that are naturally present in the marine or estuarine environments are members of the family Vibrionaceae, Aeromonadacae that are species Clostridium botulinum, particularly Clostridium botulinum type E. Among members of the family Vibrionaceae that are important as inherent pathogens in seafood, the genera Vibrio and Plessiomonas are significant. The role of pathogenic vibrios in food-borne gastroenteritis and also other disease manifestations have been thoroughly investigated all over the world. The important species in this group are Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus and to be a lesser extent V. hollisae and V. mimicus. aeromonas hydrophila, A. sobriae and Plessiomonas shigelloides, though not frequently associated with seafood borne infections, are also to be considered as human pathogens of aquatic origin. Unlike the above pathogens, Clostridium botulinum is an anaerobic, Gram positive, spore former present in the aquatic systems. It is a well- known pathogen causing severe intoxication and death in humans. Inadequately heat processed and smoked seafood are identified as the common vehicle of this organism. The distribution of these pathogens in seafood of different origins, significance as a pathogen and strategies for their removal and control are highlighted in this paper.Not Availabl

Decolonial Approaches to Reading Distress, Healing, and (Well)being in Contemporary African Diasporic Contexts

Taking a decolonial and intersectional approach, this thesis formulates a reading practice for attending to expressions of distress and healing in contemporary African contexts. Drawing on literature, visual and performance art, film and television, this work explores how these creative engagements engage with indigenous Afro-diasporic epistemologies to resist or rescript Eurocentric narratives of illness and recovery. Considering how the ‘healthy’ subject in the psychiatric imaginary is produced at the intersection of contemporary neocolonial, neuroscientific, and neoliberal discourses, this work suggests that the body might instead be used to reimagine alternative modes of selfhood and relationality, beyond an often disembodying and depoliticising biomedical register. The first chapter unpacks Eurocentric conceptions of reality and being, considering how the distressed subject has been constructed through a Western psychiatric imaginary. I suggest that indigenous African ontologies and cosmologies might allow us to replot aetiology and pathology beyond a conventional psychiatric narrative, depathologising distress itself. I attend to the most visible signifier of difference and a site where racialised violence has been inscribed: the skin. Here I draw on a range of sociocultural, psychoanalytic, and medical discourses to dislocate the epistemic binary between mythology and reality. I begin with visual artist Wangechi Mutu’s collagic reworking of the mythologised black female body. I situate this alongside expressions of embodied distress in Akwaeke Emezi’s semi-autobiographical, queer Bildungsroman, Freshwater, and Yrsa Daley-Ward’s memoir, The Terrible. I find striking resonances in biomedical and sociocultural appraisals of the skin and brain, which intersect to produce a neoliberal subject oriented towards resilience, flexibility, and happiness. The second chapter explores how the healthy citizen-subject has been modelled in contemporary ‘neuroculture’. I interrogate the structural asymmetries that create conditions of distress, and afford conditional access to particular institutional visions of (well)being. Bebe Moore Campbell’s 72 Hour Hold and Jacqueline Roy’s The Fat Lady Sings offer insights through their depictions of women under psychiatric care in the U.S. and Britain respectively. Eloghosa Osunde’s visual art series, ‘Color this Brain’, and Zinzi Clemmons’ What We Lose allow us to reimagine the relationship between the brain and distress in ways that exceed the visual and verbal toolkit of neuropsychiatry. I conclude by turning to the question of healing: what does it mean to be ‘whole’ and ‘well’? I consider the body as a medium for establishing networks of communal care and connection. I explore how Toni Cade Bambara’s novel The Salt Eaters and Selina Thompson’s performance art piece, salt., undertake the cultural labour of imagining curative spaces and trajectories for the future that are more meaningfully aligned with black women’s needs and desires