Plant Disease Diagnosis Form

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Psyllids Testing Form

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Survival in amoeba: a major selection pressure on the presence of bacterial copper and zinc resistance determinants?: identification of a "copper pathogenicity island"

The presence of metal resistance determinants in bacteria usually is attributed to geological or anthropogenic metal contamination in different environments or associated with the use of antimicrobial metals in human healthcare or in agriculture. While this is certainly true, we hypothesize that protozoan predation and macrophage killing are also responsible for selection of copper/zinc resistance genes in bacteria. In this review, we outline evidence supporting this hypothesis, as well as highlight the correlation between metal resistance and pathogenicity in bacteria. In addition, we introduce and characterize the "copper pathogenicity island" identified in Escherichia coli and Salmonella strains isolated from copper- and zinc-fed Danish pigs

Three-dimensional numerical study of inhomogeneous chaotic inflation

The Inflationary scenario was motivated to explain the large scale homogeneity of the universe. However, most of the work in this area has been carried out inhomogeneous spacetimes We present a 3D study solving Einstein's equations for inhomogeneous cosmologies to analyze the effects of matter and spacetime inhomogeneities on inflation. We use York's conformal approach to solve the initial value problem. Preliminary results of the evolution of inhomogeneous initial data are presented. 4 refs., 12 figs

Feasibility study on the solidification of liquid low-level radioactive mixed waste in the inactive tank system at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

A literature survey was conducted to help determine the feasibility of solidifying a liquid low-level radioactive mixed waste in the inactive tank system at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The goal of this report is to facilitate a decision on the disposition of these wastes by identifying any waste constituents that might (1) compromise the strength or stability of the waste form or (2) be highly leachable. Furthermore, its goal is to identify ways to circumvent interferences and to decrease the leachability of the waste constituents. This study has sought to provide an understanding of inhibition of cement set by identifying the fundamental chemical mechanisms by which this inhibition takes place. From this fundamental information, it is possible to draw some conclusions about the potential effects of waste constituents, even in the absence of particular studies on specific compounds

SDC solenoidal detector notes: Jets in the forward region

We examine jet shapes in the forward region, {eta}(jet) > 4, of 40 TeV proton-proton collisions and compare them with 90{degree} jets. In the laboratory, forward jets are Lorentz contracted into thin disks.'' For example, a jet which at {theta}{sub cm}(jet) = 90{degree} would have its particles located within a cone'' with angular widths {Delta}{theta}{sub cm} = {Delta}{phi} = 28{degree} (i.e., 0.5 radians), if boosted'' to {eta}(jet) = 4 ({theta}{sub cm} = 2{degree}) becomes a disk'' with an angular width of {Delta}{theta}{sub cm} = 1{degree} Jet shapes are roughly invariant when plotted versus pseudorapidity, {eta}, and azimuthal angle, {phi}. In addition, we examine how well the electromagnetic component (i.e., photons and electrons) of a jet tracks'' the true position of the jet

Vortices associated with toroidal ion temperature gradient driven fluctuations

The three nonlinear hydrodynamic equations for potential, parallel ion velocity and ion pressure used in simulations of the toroidal ion temperature gradient driven fluctuations and transport in a shear magnetic field are analyzed for coherent vortex structures. Two types of vortex structures are found: one type for weak shear that is a generalization of the usual modon vortex construction and the second type of solution for strong magnetic shear where the convective nonlinearity in the parallel velocity field generates a cubic trapping nonlinearity in the vorticity equation. These vortex structures show the possibility of explaining the saturated states observed in the numerical simulations as self-organized nonlinear states in contrast to wave turbulence

Direct speciation of metal and metalloid ions by optical spectroscopies

Molecular level spectroscopic investigations of organic/inorganic interactions provide important new information on sedimentary geochemistry through the identification of interactions over moderate temperature and pH ranges. Although the official title of this project indicates the use of only optical spectroscopies, a combination of Uv/Vis/IR absorption, Raman scattering, and {sup 29}Si and {sup 13}C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments are actually employed. A major advantage of integrating spectroscopic results with diagenesis studies is the ability to directly examine the mechanisms of interactions, even in complex matrices and with competing processes. Furthermore, we are extending these techniques to probe fluid inclusions with micro Raman and luminescence techniques to directly compare laboratory results with natural reservoir systems. 25 refs., 4 figs

Investigation of global Alfven instabilities in TFTR

Toroidal Alfven Eigenmodes (TAE) were excited by the energetic neutral beam ions tangentially injected into TFTR plasmas at low magnetic field such that the injection velocities were comparable to the Alfven speed. The modes were identified by measurements from Mirnov coils and beam emission spectroscopy (BES). TAE modes appear in bursts whose repetition rate increases with beam power. The neutron emission rate exhibits sawtooth-like behavior and the crashes always coincide with TAE bursts. This indicates ejection of fast ions from the plasma until these modes are stabilized. The dynamics of growth and stabilization was investigated at various plasma current and magnetic field. The results indicate that the instability can effectively clamp the number of energetic ions in the plasma. The observed instability threshold is discussed in the light of recent theories. In addition to these TAE modes, intermittent oscillations at three times the fundamental TAE frequency were observed by Mirnov coils, but no corresponding signal was found in BES. It appears that these high frequency oscillations do not have direct effect on the plasma neutron source strength

Ensemble Concerts

Jazz concert performed at the UNT College of Music Lab West