Hipertansiyonlu Türk hasta grubunda hipertansiyon ile G proteini beta-3 altbirimini kodlayan gende C825T polimorfizmi arasındaki ilişki

Amaç: G proteini beta-3 (?3) altbirimini (GNB3) kodlayan genin C825T polimorfizmi G proteinleri yoluyla sinyal iletiminde artışla ve sonuçta artmış Na+/H+ değiştiricisinin aktivitesi ile ilişkilidir. Bu iyon taşıma sistemi proksimal tübülden sodyum geri emilimine aracılık eder. Değişik nüfuslardan hipertansif hastaların hücrelerinde Na+/H+ değiştiricisinin aktivitesinde artış bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada hipertansiyonlu Türk hasta grubunda bu polimorfizm araştırıldı ve normotansif bireylerle karşılaştırıldı. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Doksan dokuz hipertansif hasta (57 erkek, 42 kadın) ve 45 normotansif kontrolde (33 erkek, 12 kadın) GNB3 C825T polimorfizmi için genotipleme yapıldı. Bulgular: Hasta ve kontrol gruplarında alel dağılımı sırasıyla CC:35, CT:51, TT:13 ve CC:26, CT:15, TT:4 şeklindeydi. T aleli taşıyıcıları (CT ve TT) hipertansiyonlu grupta anlamlı şekilde daha yüksekti. Hipertansiyon ve C825T aleli arasında istatistiksel bakımdan anlamlı ilişki (Ki-kare testi, p=0.041) bulundu. Sonuç: Bu bulgular Türk hastalarda hipertansiyon ve GNB3 polimorfizminin ilişkili olduğunu ve artmış G proteini aktivitesinin C825T ile hipertansiyon arasındaki patofizyolojik bağlantı olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.Objectives: The C825T polymorphism of the gene encoding the G-protein beta-3 subunit (GNB3) is associated with enhanced signal transduction via G proteins which in turn results in an increased Na+/H+ exchanger activity. This ion transport system mediates sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule. Increased activity of Na+/H+ exchanger was found in the cells of patients with arterial hypertension in different populations. We investigated this polymorphism in a Turkish group of patients with hypertension and compared them with normotensive subjects. Patients and Methods: 99 hypertensive patients (57 males, 42 females) and 45 normotensive controls (33 males, 12 females) were genotyped for the GNB3 C825T polymorphism. Results: Allele distribution of patient and control groups were CC: 35, CT: 51, TT: 13 and CC: 26, CT: 15, TT: 4, respectively. T-allele carriers (CT and TT) were significantly higher in hypertensive group. There was also a statistically significant (Chi-square test, p=0.041) relationship between 825T allele and hypertension. Conclusion: These results suggest that hypertension is related with GNB3 polymorphism in Turkish patients and increased G protein activity may be the pathophysiologic link between C825T and hypertension

Preeklampsinin Patogenezinde Maternal Oksidatif Stres, Demir/Çinko, Bakır/Çinko Oranları ve Eser Element Düzeylerinin Rolü

Purpose:Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex disease and the underlying mechanisms are not known, yet. It is well known that oxidative stress and trace elements play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Several studies have shown that the levels and proportions of trace elements are closely related to the severity of the disease. The aim of the study was to investigate the changes in some characteristics parameters, serum zinc, iron, copper levels, and copper/zinc and iron/zinc ratios and plasma lipid peroxidation levels in patients with mild and severe preeclampsiaAmaç: Preeklampsi (PE) kompleks bir hastalıktır ve hastalığın patogenezinde yer alan mekanizmalar henüz aydınlatılamamıştır. Oksidatif stres ve eser elementlerin çeşitli hastalıkların patogenezinde rol oynadığı iyi bilinmektedir. Yapılan çeşitli çalışmalarda, eser elementlerin düzeylerinin ve oranlarının, hastalığın şiddeti ile yakından ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hafif ve şiddetli preeklamptik hastalarda bazı karakteristik özelliklerin, serum çinko, demir, bakır düzeyleri, bakır/çinko ve demir/çinko oranları ile plazma lipid peroksidasyon düzeylerini değişikliklerini araştırmaktı

Relationships Among Some Biochemical Parameters, Trace Elements and Lipid Peroxidation Levels in Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Aim:The aim of the present study was to determine levels of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), malondialdehyde and some biochemical parameters in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared with healthy pregnant women, and to evaluate the relationships among these parameters.Materials and Methods:The patients consisted of 56 pregnant with GDM. The control group consisted of 60 healthy pregnant women. Plasma malondialdehyde, blood glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol, triacylglycerol and LDL-cholesterol were measured by biochemical methods. The concentrations of serum Fe, Cu and Zn were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results:The levels of blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol, triacylglycerol and LDL-cholesterol, levels of plasma malondialdehyde, levels of serum Fe and Cu in women with GDM group were found higher than those in healthy pregnant women. However, levels of serum Zn were significantly lower in GDM pregnants than those in the healthy pregnant women. There were significant negative correlations between LDL-cholesterol and Cu levels of GDM subjects. Additionally, there were significant negative correlation between LDL-cholesterol and plasma malondialdehyde levels. However, there were significant positive correlations between serum Fe and plasma malondialdehyde levels.Conclusion:Our findings emphasize the significant deficiencies of Zn levels and the significant elevation of malondialdehyde, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in women with GDM. Therefore, supplementation with Zn element involved in the antioxidative system may increase antioxidative enzyme activities, and consequently, an improvement in fetal and maternal complications may be expected

Experimental stress-induced changes in trace element levels of various tissues in rats

In this study, we investigated the effects of acute and chronic immobilization stress on the Zn, Cu, and Fe levels of the temporal lobe, brain stem, spleen, and liver tissues in rats. The animals in the acute stress group were put in the cages, one time only for 120 min. For the chronic stress groups (2h and 4h), the rats were kept in the cages daily for 2 and 4 h, respectively, for 5 consecutive days. Controls and immobilized rats were decapitated, and then tissue samples were taken. Zn, Cu, and Fe levels in the temporal lobe, brain stem, spleen, and liver were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Our results showed that acute immobilization stress causes endogenous Zn and Cu release from the brain tissues. In the 2h chronic stress group, Fe levels markedly increase in the temporal lobe and brain stem whereas they decrease in the spleen and liver. In the 4h chronic stress group, Fe levels increase in the temporal lobe and brain stem while Zn and Cu levels increase in the spleen and liver. In the acute and chronic immobilization stress groups, mobilization of Zn and Cu can be related to the induction of metallothionein (MT) in the liver and spleen but not in the brain. On the other hand, excess Fe in the temporal lobe and brain stem causes us to believe think that the brain iron transport proteins may be involved, and enhanced, by immobilization stress

EVALUATION OF ZINC AND COPPER TOXICITY CAUSED BY INGESTION OF TURKISH COINS: AN IN VITRO STUDY

Coins are foreign objects that are commonly ingested by children and pets due to their shiny appearance and bright colors. The current study investigated whether Turkish coins can lead to zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) toxicity as a result of exposure to simulated gastric juice (i.e. hydrochloric acid solution simulating the gastric environment). Five groups of coins were exposed to simulated gastric juice (0.15 N, pH:1-2) for a period of 4 (Group 1), 12 (Group 2), 24 (Group 3), 48 (Group 4), 72 (Group 5) and 120 h (Group 5) at body temp. (37 degrees C). Zinc and copper levels were determined in the gastric acid solution by using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer (ICP-OES). The coins were also evaluated for corrosive damage and weight loss. Group 5 had statistically higher Cu and Zn levels versus the other groups. However, at body temp. (37 degrees C), copper and zinc levels increased steadily in parallel to the duration for which the coin remained in the stomach after ingestion. After 120-hour exposure at 37 degrees C, all coins had various types of damage compared to the baseline, such as color alteration, erosion, and visible surface cavities. The mechanisms relating to local and systemic copper and zinc toxicity caused by coin ingestion is yet to be clarified for both Turkish and international coins. Therefore, it can be foreseen that intervention is required in the first 24 h after ingesting 5 kurus coins and, unless removed spontaneously in 48 h, such intervention is needed for the other coins