Evaluation of some physical and tensile properties of commercial surgical masks

In this study, the performance characteristics of various surgical masks have been examined. Several physical properties, such as air permeability, tensile strength, and calculated surface porosity of 8 commercial 3-layer surgical masks, with all spunbonded layers and meltblown middle layer, have been determined and then compared. The production type of the nonwoven layer is effective on the air permeability values, and the values of the spunbonded masks are found higher than the masks containing a meltblown layer. The air permeability of the latter masks varies with the weight per unit area of the meltblown layer. Moreover, calculated porosities of the spunbonded masks are higher than those of the others. The influence  of meltblown layers is found effective on the tensile strength values in machine direction

Sound absorption characteristics of nanofibre web coated foams

Sound absorption properties of polyamide 6 (PA6) nanofibre webs and a widely used sound absorption foam coated with nanofibre webs have been investigated. Initial studies have focused on the electrospinning by using PA6 polymer to obtain uniform and bead-free nanofibres. Thereafter, nanofibres are electrospun on an absorption foam through two spinning durations of 10 h and 20 h. Thicknesses, mass per unit area values, porosities, pore sizes, and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller surface areas of the webs are determined. At characterization stage, sound absorption coefficients of pure nanofibre webs, pure foam, and foams enhanced with nanofibre webs are measured by acoustic impedance tube method. Noise reduction coefficients (NRC) are also calculated. Sound absorption coefficients at 6400 Hz are observed as 0.76 and 0.74 for nanofibre webs electrospun during 10 h and 20 h respectively. The NRC values are found as 0.189, 0.197 and 0.192 for pure foam sample and nanofibre webs electrospun during 10 h and 20 h respectively. Overall results of the study indicate that moderate mid-high frequency sound absorption and noise reduction coefficients are obtained by using the nanofibre web coated foams.

Evaluation of some physical and tensile properties of commercial surgical masks

125-130In this study, the performance characteristics of various surgical masks have been examined. Several physical properties, such as air permeability, tensile strength, and calculated surface porosity of 8 commercial 3-layer surgical masks, with all spunbonded layers and meltblown middle layer, have been determined and then compared. The production type of the nonwoven layer is effective on the air permeability values, and the values of the spunbonded masks are found higher than the masks containing a meltblown layer. The air permeability of the latter masks varies with the weight per unit area of the meltblown layer. Moreover, calculated porosities of the spunbonded masks are higher than those of the others. The influence of meltblown layers is found effective on the tensile strength values in machine direction

Limitations of Textile Recycling: The Reason behind the Development of Alternative Sustainable Fibers

The sharply increasing world population reveals the insufficiency of natural resources in meeting the needs of humanity, while creating a tendency to search for new resources. Textile products constitute one of the most basic needs of humanity and the consumption of textile products is also increasing due to the changing fashion sense, increasing population, and technology developments. Discovery of alternative or renewable energy sources, recycling of all kinds of materials, enhancing engineering methods and technologies used to make recycling effective, and trends like sustainable fashion that promote sustainability and take parts among the hot topics of this field. Recycling studies are also common in textile science. It is feasible to reduce the usage of natural fibers by utilization of recycled fibers. However, there are some limitations to textile recycling. These limitations led the development of new sustainable fibers and processes as alternatives to natural. In this context, most of the recycling and sustainability-based studies carried out in this field emphasized the indispensability of the subject, while neglecting a few points about limitations. Consequently, the limits of recycling in textiles and new fibers developed to overcome these limits are addressed in this chapter

Sound absorption characteristics of nanofibre web coated foams

334-343Sound absorption properties of polyamide 6 (PA6) nanofibre webs and a widely used sound absorption foam coated with nanofibre webs have been investigated. Initial studies have focused on the electrospinning by using PA6 polymer to obtain uniform and bead-free nanofibres. Thereafter, nanofibres are electrospun on an absorption foam through two spinning durations of 10 h and 20 h. Thicknesses, mass per unit area values, porosities, pore sizes, and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller surface areas of the webs are determined. At characterization stage, sound absorption coefficients of pure nanofibre webs, pure foam, and foams enhanced with nanofibre webs are measured by acoustic impedance tube method. Noise reduction coefficients (NRC) are also calculated. Sound absorption coefficients at 6400 Hz are observed as 0.76 and 0.74 for nanofibre webs electrospun during 10 h and 20 h respectively. The NRC values are found as 0.189, 0.197 and 0.192 for pure foam sample and nanofibre webs electrospun during 10 h and 20 h respectively. Overall results of the study indicate that moderate mid-high frequency sound absorption and noise reduction coefficients are obtained by using the nanofibre web coated foams