Social media influence and occurrence of injury from extreme sport participation in UVM undergraduates

Extreme sports have become increasingly popular in the age of social media as individuals have more access and awareness of these activities and may cater them to their specific interests. There is an established idea among social media users and consumers that extreme sports can be experienced by anyone. However, the rise in extreme sports engagement may lead to unforeseen consequences. These sports have inherent risks that may not be explicitly understood by novice athletes. The state of Vermont has high rates of outdoor recreation participation due to its landscape. Young students at the University of Vermont may be targeted to get involved in these sports through clubs, advertising, and social influences. The researcher is interested in studying why UVM students were influenced to ski, snowboard, hike, and/or rock climb in the state of Vermont, and if this participation caused any injuries

Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of High- or Standard-Dose Influenza Vaccine in a Second Consecutive Influenza Season.

BACKGROUND: Pediatric hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients are at high risk for morbidity from influenza virus infection. We demonstrated in a primary phase 2 randomized controlled trial that 2 post-HCT doses of high-dose trivalent influenza vaccine (HD-TIV) given 4 weeks apart were more immunogenic than 2 doses of standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (SD-QIV). Herein, we present the immunogenicity and safety of influenza vaccination in a consecutive season post-HCT using the same dosing regimen. METHODS: A subcohort of study participants reenrolled and had hemagglutinin inhibition titers measured at baseline and 4 weeks after each vaccine dose in year 2. We estimated geometric mean fold rise in hemagglutinin inhibition titer from baseline for each group and used linear mixed effects models to estimate adjusted geometric mean ratios (comparing HD-TIV vs SD-QIV) for each antigen at each time point. We described systemic and injection site reactions. RESULTS: A total of 65 subcohort patients participated (33 SD-QIV, 32 HD-TIV). Postvaccine geometric mean fold rise and adjusted geometric mean ratio estimates were higher for both groups following a single influenza vaccine dose in year 2 as compared with 2 doses of the same formulation in year 1. Both groups had similar frequencies of injection site and systemic reactions. CONCLUSIONS: A single dose of HD-TIV or SD-QIV was more immunogenic in year 2 than 2 doses of the same formulation in year 1. Reactogenicity was comparable between groups. One dose of influenza vaccine may be sufficient after a 2-dose schedule in the prior year post-HCT. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT02860039 (ClinicalTrials.gov)

Co-detection of respiratory syncytial virus with other respiratory viruses across all age groups before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundPatterns of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) co-detection with other viruses may have been disrupted during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but the clinical impact of viral co-detections with RSV is not well-established. We aimed to explore the frequency and clinical outcomes associated with RSV single detection and co-detection before and during the pandemic.MethodsWe conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of all children and adults with respiratory samples tested using a respiratory pathogen panel (RPP; 01/01/2018–11/30/2022), a provider-ordered polymerase chain reaction–based assay that detects respiratory pathogens. We stratified our cohort into age groups: 0–4, 5–17, 18–64, and ≥65 years old. Among RSV-positive samples, we compared the proportion of samples with single RSV detection before and during the pandemic and the patterns of specific viral co-detections. We compared the odds of hospitalization, oxygen use, intensive care unit admission, and intubation between individuals with RSV single detection and those with co-detection.ResultsAmong 57,940 samples collected during the study period, 3,986 (6.9%) were RSV-positive. RSV was co-detected with at least one other virus in 1,231/3,158 (39.0%), 104/348 (29.9%), 49/312 (15.7%), and 21/168 (12.5%) of samples from individuals 0–4, 5–17, 18–64, and ≥65 years old, respectively. The relative frequencies of RSV single detection and co-detection were comparable before and during the pandemic except in children 0–4 years old, in whom single RSV detections were more prevalent before (63.7%) than during (59.5%) the pandemic (p=0.021). In children 0–4 years old, RSV co-detection was associated with lower odds of hospitalization compared to single RSV detection, and RSV co-detection with parainfluenza viruses or human rhinovirus/enterovirus was associated with significantly lower odds of hospitalization, while RSV/SARS-CoV-2 co-detection was associated with higher odds of ICU admission. In adults ≥65 years old, RSV co-detection was associated with lower odds of oxygen use.ConclusionThe proportion of RSV co-detection did not appreciably vary before and during the pandemic, except in young children, though the combinations of co-detected viruses did vary. Our findings suggest that the clinical impact of RSV co-detection with other viruses may be age-associated and virus-specific.</jats:sec

Clinical Presentation and Severity of Adenovirus Detection Alone vs Adenovirus Co-detection With Other Respiratory Viruses in US Children With Acute Respiratory Illness from 2016 to 2018

Abstract Background Human adenovirus (HAdV) is commonly associated with acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) in children and is also frequently co-detected with other viral pathogens. We compared clinical presentation and outcomes in young children with HAdV detected alone vs co-detected with other respiratory viruses. Methods We used data from a multicenter, prospective, viral surveillance study of children seen in the emergency department and inpatient pediatric settings at seven US sites. Children less than 18 years old with fever and/or respiratory symptoms were enrolled between 12/1/16 and 10/31/18 and tested by molecular methods for HAdV, human rhinovirus/enterovirus (HRV/EV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza (PIV, types 1–4), influenza (flu, types A-C), and human metapneumovirus (HMPV). Our primary measure of illness severity was hospitalization; among hospitalized children, secondary severity outcomes included oxygen support and length of stay (LOS). Results Of the 18,603 children enrolled, HAdV was detected in 1,136 (6.1%), among whom 646 (56.9%) had co-detection with at least one other respiratory virus. HRV/EV (n = 293, 45.3%) and RSV (n = 123, 19.0%) were the most frequent co-detections. Children with HRV/EV (aOR = 1.61; 95% CI = [1.11–2.34]), RSV (aOR = 4.48; 95% CI = [2.81–7.14]), HMPV (aOR = 3.39; 95% CI = [1.69–6.77]), or ≥ 2 co-detections (aOR = 1.95; 95% CI = [1.14–3.36]) had higher odds of hospitalization compared to children with HAdV alone. Among hospitalized children, HAdV co-detection with RSV or HMPV was each associated with higher odds of oxygen support, while co-detection with PIV or influenza viruses was each associated with higher mean LOS. Conclusions HAdV co-detection with other respiratory viruses was associated with greater disease severity among children with ARI compared to HAdV detection alone. </jats:sec

Supplementary File 1 from PI3K Inhibition Restores and Amplifies Response to Ruxolitinib in Patients with Myelofibrosis

Supplemental Tables S1-S9 Supplemental Figures S1-S2</p

Supplementary File 1 from PI3K Inhibition Restores and Amplifies Response to Ruxolitinib in Patients with Myelofibrosis

Supplemental Tables S1-S9Supplemental Figures S1-S2</p