847 research outputs found
Comment on "Fano Resonance for Anderson Impurity Systems"
In a recent Letter, Luo et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 256602 (2004)) analyze
the Fano line shapes obtained from scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) of
transition metal impurities on a simple metal surface, in particular of the
Ti/Au(111) and Ti/Ag(100) systems. As the key point of their analysis, they
claim that there is not only a Fano interference effect between the impurity
d-orbital and the conduction electron continuum, as derived in Ujsaghy et al.
(Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2557 (2000)), but that the Kondo resonance in the
d-electron spectral density has by itself a second Fano line shape, leading to
the experimentally observed spectra. In the present note we point out that this
analysis is conceptually incorrect. Therefore, the quantitative agreement of
the fitted theoretical spectra with the experimental results is meaningless.Comment: 1 page, no figures. Accepted for publication in PRL; revised version
uploaded on November 18th, 200
Water diffusion in rough carbon nanotubes
We use molecular dynamics simulations to study the diffusion of water inside
deformed carbon nanotubes with different degrees of deformation at 300 K. We
found that the number of hydrogen bonds that water forms depends on nanotube
topology, leading to enhancement or suppression of water diffusion. The
simulation results reveal that more realistic nanotubes should be considered to
understand the confined water diffusion behavior, at least for the narrowest
nanotubes, when the interaction between water molecules and carbon atoms is
relevant.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figure
With Name, Image, and Likeness, College Sports Enters the Gig Economy
With the arrival of name, image, and likeness (NIL), the college sports labor market has distinctly taken on similar characteristics to the gig economy, with athletes able to earn extra compensation through external NIL-based independent contractor “gigs.” But with this comparison comes comparable issues, and scholarship and litigation examining and challenging gig economy structures have identified several legal and ethical concerns both individual to each worker and more broadly affecting labor markets. Building off this literature, we conceptualize the NIL phenomenon within the gig economy space, exploring the legal and ethical concerns that have plagued companies like Uber and applying those same concerns to the brave new world of NIL-fueled college sports. We not only find similar issues in college sports but also find even deeper concerns based on new and existing challenges unique to the novel space of college sports, particularly given the increased proliferation of NIL collectives
Relation between boundary slip mechanisms and water-like fluid behavior
The slip of a fluid layer in contact with a solid confining surface is
investigated for different temperatures and densities using molecular dynamic
simulations. We show that for an anomalous water-like fluid the slip goes as
follows: for low levels of shear, the defect slip appears and is related with
the particle exchange between the fluid layers; at high levels of shear, the
global slip occurs and is related to the homogeneous distribution of the fluid
in the confining surfaces. The oscillations in the transition velocity from the
defect to the global slip is shown to be associated with changes in the
layering distribution in the anomalous fluid.Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures, accepted by Physical Review E in 27 february
201
Status of neutrino oscillations 2018: first hint for normal mass ordering and improved CP sensitivity
We present a new global fit of neutrino oscillation parameters within the
simplest three-neutrino picture, including new data which appeared since our
previous analysis~\cite{Forero:2014bxa}. In this update we include new
long-baseline neutrino data involving the antineutrino channel in T2K, as well
as new data in the neutrino channel, data from NOA, as well as new reactor
data, such as the Daya Bay 1230 days electron antineutrino disappearance
spectrum data and the 1500 live days prompt spectrum from RENO, as well as new
Double Chooz data. We also include atmospheric neutrino data from the IceCube
DeepCore and ANTARES neutrino telescopes and from Super-Kamiokande. Finally, we
also update our solar oscillation analysis by including the 2055-day day/night
spectrum from the fourth phase of the Super-Kamiokande experiment. With the new
data we find a preference for the atmospheric angle in the upper octant for
both neutrino mass orderings, with maximal mixing allowed at for normal (inverted) ordering. We also obtain a strong
preference for values of the CP phase in the range ,
excluding values close to at more than 4. More remarkably, our
global analysis shows for the first time hints in favour of the normal mass
ordering over the inverted one at more than 3. We discuss in detail the
origin of the mass ordering, CP violation and octant sensitivities, analyzing
the interplay among the different neutrino data samples.Comment: Updated neutrino oscillation analysis using the most recent results
from T2K, NOA, RENO and Super-Kamiokande. 17 pages, 8 figures, 1 tabl
Inspection of the detection cross section dependence of the Gallium Anomaly
We discuss in detail the dependence of the Gallium Anomaly on the detection
cross section. We provide updated values of the size of the Gallium Anomaly and
find that its significance is larger than about for all the detection
cross section models. We discuss the dependence of the Gallium Anomaly on the
assumed value of the half life of , which determines the
cross sections of the transitions from the ground state of
to the ground state of . We show that a value of the
half life which is larger than the standard one can reduce
or even solve the Gallium Anomaly. Considering the short-baseline neutrino
oscillation interpretation of the Gallium Anomaly, we show that a value of the
half life which is larger than the standard one can reduce
the tension with the results of other experiments. Since the standard value of
the half life was measured in 1985, we advocate the
importance of new measurements with modern technique and apparatus for a better
assessment of the Gallium Anomaly.Comment: v3: 11 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, references added, typo correcte
Neutrino anomalies and future prospects in neutrino physics
I give an overview of some of the several anomalies appearing in neutrino oscillation experiments, setting particular focus to the reactor antineutrino anomaly and the Gallium anomaly. I will discuss these two anomalies in some detail and, in particular, compare their explanation due to neutrino oscillations in presence of a light sterile neutrino among each other and also with the bounds from the analyses of reactor spectral ratio data, β-decay data, and solar neutrino data
Gallium Anomaly: Critical View from the Global Picture of and Disappearance
The significance of the Gallium Anomaly, from the BEST, GALLEX, and SAGE
radioactive source experiments, is quantified using different theoretical
calculations of the neutrino detection cross section, and its explanation due
to neutrino oscillations is compared with the bounds from the analyses of
reactor rate and spectral ratio data, -decay data, and solar neutrino
data. In the 3+1 active-sterile neutrino mixing scheme, the Gallium Anomaly is
in strong tension with the individual and combined bounds of these data sets.
In the combined scenario with all available data, the parameter goodness of fit
is below 0.042%, corresponding to a severe tension of 4-5, or stronger.
Therefore, we conclude that one should pursue other possible solutions beyond
short-baseline oscillations for the Gallium Anomaly. We also present a new
global fit of and disappearance data, showing that there is
a 2.6-3.3 preference in favor of short-baseline oscillations, which is
driven by an updated analysis of reactor spectral ratio data.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures. With more discussions, version accepted for
publication at Journal of High Energy Physic
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