Assessment of the Investment Appeal of Hydropower Construction Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process

The purpose of the paper is description of the method of estimating the investment appeal rate of hydropower construction in the federal subjects. The method is based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). According to the method every federal subject is estimated by the decision-maker. The authors collected data for this study from Russian Federal State Statistics Service, the Federal Subjects Development Programs and the Power Industry Development Programs of the federal subjects (23 indicators). The federal subjects were estimated according to these indicators. As a result of this project every estimated federal subject has status: attractive, relatively attractive and non-attractive for hydropower development. The results can be applied to calculate the economic hydropower potential. The method was tested for detecting the attractive federal subjects of the Volga Federal District, North Caucasian Federal District, Northwestern Federal District, Siberian Federal District for hydropower development

SWAT modeling of the soil properties in GIS-environment: initial calculations

The problem of soil parameters modeling and input data preparation are considered in the article. The use of Soil and Water Assessment Tool was analyzed. The question of the soil water content and basic soil agronomic characteristics was considered. The SWAT project was created for the period of 2014-2017 years and could be prolonged. A soil map and cartographic information were digitized for the analysis of soil characteristics. An assessment of soils moisture absorption in different key areas was made in the course of the research

Osinskaya subformation of the Usolsky formation of the Lower Cambrian of the central and southern parts of the Nepa-Botuoba anteclise: structure, formation conditions and biostratigraphical characteristics

Relevance. Geological prospecting carried out recently throughout the Lena-Tunguska oil-and-gas province makes studies of carbonates of the Osinskaya subformation particularly relevant, as they make it possible to establish the patterns of hydrocarbon trap formation. Aim. To present the results of the lithological and facial, biostratigraphic and petrophysical studies of the Osinskaya subformation in the southern and central part of the Nepa-Botuoba anteclise. Objects. Carbonate rocks of the middle Osinskaya subformation of the Usolskiy Formation of the Lower Cambrian Tommotian Stage, studied from well cores. Methods. GIS complex, detailed lithological and sedimentological description of the core, sequential stratigraphic analysis, petrographic analysis of 300 samples and examination of paleontological remains taken from the core; analysis. Results. Based on these studies, three sedimentation zones were identified, traced, and described for the first time: deep-water, marginal, and shallow-water. The deep-water zone is characterized by uncompensated sedimentation, the presence of single reefs, and confinement to depressions and troughs. It was flanked by an edge zone of carbonate platform associated with elevated thicknesses of the subformation and distribution of reefs over the area. It was followed by a shallow-water zone, represented by medium and reduced thicknesses of the Osinskaya subformation, its sediments are composed of carbonate grained and clayey rocks with small single reefs. The localized marginal zone of the extended carbonate platform agrees with the previously identified Chambinsko-Altybsko-Mirninskaya and Verkhnetokhomsko-Katsko-Pilyudinskaya zones of distribution of reef-like organogenic structures. On the basis of the studied wells, the structure of three formations according to the lithologic-facial profile was described. The paper introduces the authors’ variant of conducting the boundaries of the members. It was revealed that in the deep-water zone the prospects of searching for reservoir rocks are associated with single carbonate structures, in the marginal zone with area bioherms, and in the shallow-water zone with detrital deposits and shallow bioherms. The paleontological finds are shown to be confined to the selected sedimentation zones and beds. It was determined that algae diagnosed in the boudstones (autochthonous) were involved in the formation of the second and third strata, the edge zone of the carbonate platform. Archaeocyaths were diagnosed in detrital carbonate rocks of the second pack (allochthonous) in well no. 7 and autochthonous in boudstones of well no. 2X. Cribriciates were diagnosed in the boudstones of the third member (autochthonous). Archaeocyaths, cribriciates, namacalatusses, and calcareous algae studied from the cores of wells West Yaractinian no. 45, 361, Bolshetyrskaya no. 7, 3X, 2X, 4X, 5X, 6X were major edificators of Early Cambrian organogenic structures (biostromes, bioherms, bioherms massifs, reef formations)

Water quality analysis and simulation

The actuality of the study is caused by the needs of water resources state assessment, which natural supply is insufficient. The article analyzes the quality of surface water and groundwater using processed statistical data and the results of mathematical modeling in the GIS environment. The results showed that the quality of water sources under current anthropogenic load is normal, but subsequent monitoring of the situation is required. There is no significant relationship between the quality of surface water and groundwater

Mathematical Modeling the Hydrological Properties of Soil for Practical Use in the Land Ecological Management

An original and convenient (from a practical point of view) method to estimate the supply of productive moisture in the soil is offered. The method is based on a physically adequate mathematical model of the soil hydrological properties considering the hysteresis of the water-retention capacity. The computation of the irrigation rates, which is based on such estimates, minimizes the water wastage if the excess of the gravitational water is formed and this water percolates out of the moisturized soil profile under watering conditions. The practical applying of the method is able to optimize the crop irrigation techniques, eliminates any inefficient losses of irrigation water and nutrients (and other agricultural chemicals), promotes the rational usage of the water resources as well as provides developing effective solutions of urgent problems of the land ecological management