Позиционный электропривод механизма перемещения

Объектом исследования является позиционный асинхронный электропривод механизма горизонтального перемещения груза. Цель работы – исследовать основные характеристики асинхронного электропривода с трехконтурной системой управления положением вала двигателя. В процессе исследования проводились выбор асинхронного двигателя для механизма перемещения, расчет параметров двигателя, его статических и динамических характеристик, выбор преобразователя частоты, синтез трехконтурной системы управления следящим электроприводом на базе регулируемого с векторным управлением.The object of the study is a positional asynchronous electric drive mechanism for the horizontal movement of cargo. The purpose of the work is to investigate the basic characteristics of an asynchronous electric drive with a three-circuit control system for positioning the motor shaft. In the process of research, the choice of an asynchronous motor for the displacement mechanism, calculation of the engine parameters, its static and dynamic characteristics, choice of a frequency converter, synthesis of a three-circuit control system for a servomotor drive based on an adjustable vector control were made

TSH secreting adenoma of the pituitary gland in a female patient with undesired childlessness

Context: TSH secreting pituitary adenomas are a very rare cause of hyperthyroidism and related clinical problems like amenorrhea. TSH elevations are often explained by hypothyroidism as in many cases only TSH levels are measured as a global marker for thyroid function. Case description: We report the case of a young woman who saw a general practitioner because of undesired childlessness. Initially misdiagnosed with hypothyroidism the definite diagnosis of a TSH secreting adenoma took five years and finally led to a successful treatment. After adenomectomy was performed the patient presented with normal thyroid function tests and menses in a regular manner. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the need for careful evaluation of rare causes of childlessness. An early MRI scan should be considered when an inadequate increase of TSH in the presence of elevated peripheral hormones is detected. Keywords: Hyperthyroidism, TSH elevation, TSH secreting pituitary adenoma, TSHoma, Amenorrhea, Prolactin, Prolactinoma, Pituitary macroadenoma, Childlessnes

Dapagliflozin effects on haematocrit, red blood cell count and reticulocytes in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes.

Recent studies have shown that high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have improved cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. In an exploratory analysis of data from the EMPA-REG study, elevations in haematocrit were shown to be strongly associated with beneficial CV effects. As insulin treatment has been shown to be antinatriuretic, with an associated increase in extracellular fluid volume, it is important to confirm whether haematocrit increase is maintained with concomitant insulin therapy. Here, we investigate the effect of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin on haematocrit, red blood cell (RBC) counts and reticulocyte levels in high-risk patients with T2DM receiving insulin. A 24-week, double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00673231) was reported previously with extension periods of 24 and 56 weeks (total of 104 weeks). Patients receiving insulin were randomised 1:1:1:1 to placebo or dapagliflozin at 2.5, 5 or 10 mg. Haematocrit, RBC and reticulocyte measurements were conducted during this study, and a longitudinal repeated-measures analysis was performed here to examine change from baseline during treatment. Dapagliflozin treatment in combination with insulin resulted in a dose-dependent increase in haematocrit levels and RBCs over a 104 week period. There was a short-term increase in reticulocyte levels at the start of treatment, which dropped to below baseline after 8 weeks. SGLT2 inhibition with dapagliflozin leads to a sustained increase in haematocrit in patients receiving chronic insulin treatment

Induction of aneuploidy by increasing chromosomal instability during dedifferentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma

To gain more insight into the role of chromosomal instability (CIN), the cytogenetic hallmark of most solid tumors, we performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on interphase nuclei of cytological specimens enabling the correct detection of chromosome copies in intact tumor cells of 18 well (G1), moderately (G2), or poorly (G3) differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). A close correlation between the morphological dedifferentiation and increasing copy numbers and variation of FISH signals was seen for chromosomes 1 and 8, respectively (P ≤ 0.0002). Four HCC G1 had constant chromosome patterns for chromosomes 1 and/or 8 with a mean of signals per nucleus ≤5.08 and ≤3 different signal combinations, indicating a low level of CIN, as confirmed by FISH using probes for centromeres of chromosomes 3, 7, and 17. In contrast to this, five HCC G2–3 revealed ≥8.46 signals per nucleus and 23–41 different signal combinations, indicating high levels of CIN. In the remaining cases, signal counts from 5.96–8.46 and 7–15 combinations were seen. Here, nuclei with constant aberration patterns and low copy numbers occurred alongside nuclei with inconstant patterns and high copy numbers. It is evident that in these cases a transition from well to moderately differentiated HCC developed in parallel to an increase in CIN, possibly induced by a major dysregulation of mitotic control mechanisms. In conclusion, CIN may induce a stepwise increase of aneuploidy in HCC that is mirrored by the morphological dedifferentiation of tumor cells