Características endocrinometabólicas del síndrome de ovario poliquístico en dos poblaciones latinoamericanas

El Síndrome de Ovario Poliquístico (SOP) es un trastorno fenotípicamente heterogéneo, caracterizado por hiperandrogenismo (H), anovulación (A) y/u ovario poliquístico(P); asociado con insulino resistencia y riesgo cardiometabólico. Objetivo: Comparar las características endocrino- metabólicas de pacientes SOP provenientes de dos poblaciones, una chilena y otra argentina.www.raem.org.arFil: Otta Fux, Carolina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Hospital Universitario de Maternidad y Neonatología. Departamento de Endocrinología y Diabetes; Argentina.Fil: Mereshian, Paula. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Hospital Universitario de Maternidad y Neonatología. Departamento de Endocrinología y Diabetes; Argentina.Fil: Ladrón de Guevara, Amanda. Universidad de Chile. Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Metabolismo; Chile.Fil: Sir Petermann, Teresa. Universidad de Chile. Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Metabolismo; Chile.Endocrinología y Metabolismo (incluye diabetes y hormonas

Cardiometabolic health in offspring of women with PCOS compared to healthy controls: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) suffer from an unfavorable cardiometabolic risk profile, which is already established by child-bearing age. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE: The aim of this systematic review along with an individual participant data meta-analysis is to eva

Do androgens modulate luteinizing hormone secretion in women? ¿Modulan los andrógenos la secreción de hormona luteinizante en mujeres?

In hyperandrogenic states an abnormal pattern of LH secretion in women is observed, which is presumed to result from a direct action of androgen or its conversion to estrogen. Two strategies are available to study the effect of testosterone on LH secretion. One involves the use of non-steroidal compounds that block the negative feedback actions of endogenous androgens by binding to androgen receptors; the other consists only in the administration of androgens. Following these two strategies, we first studied the pulsatile gonadotrophin secretion in hyperandrogenic women, following flutamide administration, a specific androgen receptor blocker. Flutamide treatment was followed by a decrease in LH pulse amplitude and mean LH concentrations, demonstrating that androgen receptor blockade reduces LH secretion in hyperandrogenic women. To establish the level at which the androgen effect is exerted, we further studied the acute effect of testosterone (hyperandrogenic levels) and the blockad

Clomiphene citrate and ovulation induction

Clomiphene can be used to treat anovulation due to hypothalamus or pituitary gland dysfunction, and it normalizes the luteal phase in stimulated patients. It can be used to estimate ovarian follicle reserve, and may be predictive of ovulation in women aged >/=35 years or with failed IVF. Contraindications include risk of congenital anomalies, chronic liver disease and visual disorders. Clomiphene may impair fertility through its effects on cervical mucus and in causing various endometrial dysfunctions. However, if clomiphene is administered in 50 mg doses, side-effects are avoided and efficacy is similar to that of a 100 mg dose, although daily dosages of 200 mg/day over 5 days can induce ovulation in approximately 70% of treated patients. Gonadotrophin concentrations increase up to days 5-9 when follicles are selected, and clomiphene is effective in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Fifty percent of normal patients conceive, a value perhaps biased by the antagonistic ef

Zymosan-induced luminol-amplified chemiluminescence of whole blood phagocytes in experimental and human hyperthyroidism

Luminol-amplified CL of whole blood phagocytes was studied in rats given 3 consecutive doses of 0.1 mg L-triiodothyronine T3/kg or in hyperthyroid patients, after stimulation by zymosan. In both cases, CL was significantly increased, an effect which was produced independently of the opsonization of the zymosan particles and markedly inhibited by azide. The in vitro addition ofT3 or L-thyroxine (T4) to whole blood phagocytes from normal rats did not modify the opsonized zymosan-dependent CL, when assayed at the concentrations found in euthyroid subjects or in hyperthyroid patients. Administration of propylthiouracil (400 mg/day for 2-3 months) to hyperthyroid patients reduced the CL response observed prior to treatment, to values comparable to those found in the euthyroid group. These data indicate that hyperthyroidism elicits an enhanced respiratory burst activity of whole blood phagocytes, probably related to adaptive changes induced by thyroid hormone on the mieloperoxidase-H202 system, rather than to direct actions of the hormone molecule or changes in the opsonic capacity of plasma

Insulin resistance and polycystic ovary syndrome through life

The heterogeneity of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) emphasizes the need for a consensual review of the data concerning its diagnosis and treatment and for determination of the relationship between the development of PCOS and the ethnic origin, the social status and the lifespan. Insulin resistance is an important characteristic in women with PCOS that aggravates features of PCOS. This review is focused in the diagnosis and treatment of insulin resistance and the risk factors for PCOS during childhood, adolescence and postmenopause. The role of endocrine disruptors and/or their interaction with PCOS have also been analyzed.Fil: Diamanti Kandarakis, Evanthia. Universidad Nacional y Kapodistriaca de Atenas; GreciaFil: Spritzer, Poli Mara. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Sir Petermann, Teresa. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Motta, Alicia Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; Argentin

Opiate antagonist treatment of ovarian failure

One-hundred-and-thirty-eight women suffering from hypothalamicor hyperandrogenic ovarian failure were treatedwith daily doses of 25-150 mg of the opiate antagonist naltrexone for 4-100 weeks.In patients with hypothalamicovarian failure, treatment with naltrexone alone was followedby an increase of gonadotrophins and by normalization ofthe menstrual cycle in 70% of patients.Eight of 10 patientswho did not respond to naltrexone and had not previouslyovulated in response to clomiphene administration exhibitedovulatory cycles when both compounds were administered.Twenty-four pregnancies were achieved in 22 women, corresponding to an overall pregnancy rate of 26% with acumulative pregnancy rate closely resembling that of a normalpopulation.In contrast, in hyperandrogenic insulin-resistantpatients, the pattern of gonadotrophin secretion did not seemto change dramatically during naltrexone treatment.However, the rise of insulin in plasma following an oral load of glucose(oGTT)was blunted con

Secretory patterns of leptin and luteinizing hormone in food-restricted young female sheep

Leptin, the product of the ob gene, has been proposed as a metabolic signal that regulates the secretion of GnRH/LH. This may be critical during prepubertal development to synchronize information about energy stores and the secretion of GnRH/LH. This study aimed to assess the effect of food restriction on the episodic secretion of leptin and LH in young female sheep. Five 20-week-old prepubertal females were fed a low-level diet for 10 weeks to maintain the body weight. Control females of the same age received food ad libitum. Blood samples were collected at 10-min intervals for six hours at 20, 26, and 30 weeks of age, and plasma leptin, LH, insulin and cortisol concentrations were measured. In the control group, no changes were found in pulsatile LH secretion characteristics. Mean LH concentrations and LH amplitude were lower in the food-restricted group than in the control group at 26 and 30 weeks of age. In the control group, pulsatile Ieptin secretion did not change. When compare