Физическая реабилитация детей и подростков с онкогематологической патологией после трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток

Introduction. This article is devoted to the description of the method of physical rehabilitation of children and adolescents of 12–17 years old after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the analysis of the effectiveness of this method on the indicators of physical, emotional state and quality of life assessment.The objective of the study was to scientifically substantiate the effectiveness of the method of physical rehabilitation of adolescents who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Methods and materials. The experiment involved 40 adolescents with oncopathology who were admitted for treatment at R.M. Memorial Research Institute for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, of which 16 girls and 24 boys aged 12 to 17 years: experimental group 1 (EG1 ) – 20 patients and experimental group 2 (EG2) – 20 patients. In EG2, classes were held 3 times a week together with an instructor-methodologist of exercise therapy and were taught independently according to a specially developed methodological and video material with filling in a self-control diary.Results. The application of the developed method of physical rehabilitation of adolescents contributes to: optimizing the physical condition: indicators of the life index improved by 5.5 %; power index by 28.9 %; the level of aerobic endurance by 18.3 %; carpal dynamometry of the right hand by 6.5 %, carpal dynamometry of the left hand by 5.2 %; indicators of vital capacity of the lungs improved by 6.5 %; the time of passage of the straight line by 25.7 %, the improvement of the psycho-emotional state – indicators of anxiety and depressive states decreased by 22.3 %, the improvement of the quality of life: physical, emotional, social functioning improved by 7.4 %; pain and soreness, fatigue and sleep, nausea, anxiety, nutrition, thinking, communication improved by 9.3 %.Conclusion. Thus, the presented method of physical rehabilitation has shown its effectiveness. Введение. Статья посвящена описанию методики физической реабилитации детей и подростков 12–17 лет после трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток и анализу эффективности данной методики по показателям физического, эмоционального состояния и оценки качества жизни.Целью исследования было научное обоснование эффективности методики физической реабилитации подростков, перенесших трансплантацию гемопоэтических стволовых клеток.Методы и материалы. В эксперименте приняли участие 40 подростков с онкопатологией, поступивших на лечение в Научно-исследовательский институт детской гематологии, онкологии и трансплантологии им. Р. М. Горбачёвой, из них 16 девочек и 24 мальчика, в возрасте от 12 до 17 лет: экспериментальная группа 1 (ЭГ1) – 20 человек и экспериментальная группа 2 (ЭГ2) – 20 человек. В ЭГ2 занятия проводили 3 раза в неделю совместно с инструкторомметодистом по лечебной физкультуре, и подростки ЭГ2 занимались самостоятельно по специально разработанному методическому и видеоматериалу с заполнением дневника самоконтроля.Результаты. Применение разработанной методики физической реабилитации подростков способствует оптимизации физического состояния: показатели жизненного индекса улучшились на 5,5 %; силового индекса – на 28,9 %; уровня аэробной выносливости –на 18,3 %; кистевой динамометрии правой руки – на 6,5 %, кистевой динамометрии левой руки – на 5,2%; показатели жизненной емкости легких улучшились на 6,5%; время прохождения прямой увеличилось на 25,7 %; улучшению психоэмоционального состояния – показатели тревожно-депрессивных состояний уменьшились на 22,3 %; повышению качества жизни: физическое, эмоциональное, социальное функционирование улучшились на 7,4 %; боль, болезненность, тошнота, беспокойство уменьшились, а остальные показатели улучшились на 9,3 %.Заключение. Таким образом, представленная методика физической реабилитации показала свою эффективность.

Improving the efficiency of work of oxidising column for production of road bitumen

The paper considers the process of obtaining oil road bitumen through oxidation of heavy oil residues. Air bubbling in the oxidation column is modeled in the program Ansys CFX. The specific area of the contact surface of the phases is calculated and variants of the structural design of the column are proposed, which make it possible to increase this index.В работе рассмотрен процесс получения нефтяных дорожных битумов окислением тяжелых нефтяных остатков. В программе Ansys CFX смоделирован барботаж воздуха в окислительной колонне. Рассчитана удельная площадь поверхности контакта фаз и предложены варианты конструктивного оформления колонны, позволяющие увеличить данный показатель

LOW TEMPERATURE ISOMERIZATION IS A MODERN ENERGYEFFICIENT PROCESS

The paper considers the process of isomerization light gasoline fractions, providing commercial gasoline component with high environmental performance with lower energy and operating costs. Reviewed by physico-chemical bases of process of low temperature isomerization. The substantiation process flowsheet. Presents the final results of completed material balance calculation of process stages.В работе рассмотрен процесс изомеризации легкой бензиновой фракции, позволяющий получать компонент товарного бензина с высокими экологическими характеристики с более низкими энергетическими и эксплуатационными затратами. Рассмотрены физико-химические основы процесса низкотемпературной изомеризации. Дано обоснование технологической схемы процесса. Представлены итоговые результаты выполненных расчетов материального баланса технологических стадий

Clinical phenotype and functional characterization of CASQ2 mutations associated with Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

BACKGROUND: Four distinct mutations in the human cardiac calsequestrin gene (CASQ2) have been linked to catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). The mechanisms leading to the clinical phenotype are still poorly understood because only 1 CASQ2 mutation has been characterized in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS: We identified a homozygous 16-bp deletion at position 339 to 354 leading to a frame shift and a stop codon after 5aa (CASQ2(G112+5X)) in a child with stress-induced ventricular tachycardia and cardiac arrest. The same deletion was also identified in association with a novel point mutation (CASQ2(L167H)) in a highly symptomatic CPVT child who is the first CPVT patient carrier of compound heterozygous CASQ2 mutations. We characterized in vitro the properties of CASQ2 mutants: CASQ2(G112+5X) did not bind Ca2+, whereas CASQ2(L167H) had normal calcium-binding properties. When expressed in rat myocytes, both mutants decreased the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-storing capacity and reduced the amplitude of I(Ca)-induced Ca2+ transients and of spontaneous Ca2+ sparks in permeabilized myocytes. Exposure of myocytes to isoproterenol caused the development of delayed afterdepolarizations in CASQ2(G112+5X). CONCLUSIONS: CASQ2(L167H) and CASQ2(G112+5X) alter CASQ2 function in cardiac myocytes, which leads to reduction of active sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release and calcium content. In addition, CASQ2(G112+5X) displays altered calcium-binding properties and leads to delayed afterdepolarizations. We conclude that the 2 CASQ2 mutations identified in CPVT create distinct abnormalities that lead to abnormal intracellular calcium regulation, thus facilitating the development of tachyarrhythmias

First Observation of the Doubly Charmed Baryon Xi_cc^+

We observe a signal for the doubly charmed baryon Xi_cc^+ in the charged decay mode Xi_cc^+ --> Lambda_c^+ K- pi+ in data from SELEX, the charm hadro-production experiment at Fermilab. We observe an excess of 15.9 events over an expected background of 6.1 +/- 0.5 events, a statistical significance of 6.3sigma. The observed mass of this state is (3519 +/- 1) MeV/c^2. The Gaussian mass width of this state is 3MeV/c^2, consistent with resolution; its lifetime is less than 33fsec at 90% confidence.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter

First Measurement of pi e -> pi e gamma Pion Virtual Compton Scattering

Pion Virtual Compton Scattering (VCS) via the reaction pi e --> pi e gamma was observed in the Fermilab E781 SELEX experiment. SELEX used a 600 GeV/c pi- beam incident on target atomic electrons, detecting the incident pi- and the final state pi-, electron and gamma. Theoretical predictions based on chiral perturbation theory are incorporated into a Monte Carlo simulation of the experiment and are compared to the data. The number of reconstructed events (9) and their distribution with respect to the kinematic variables (for the kinematic region studied) are in reasonable accord with the predictions. The corresponding pi- VCS experimental cross section is sigma=38.8+-13 nb, in agreement with the theoretical expectation sigma=34.7 nb.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables, 25 references, SELEX home page is http://fn781a.fnal.gov/, revised July 21, 2002 in response to journal referee Comment

Observation of the Cabibbo-suppressed decay Xi_c+ -> p K- pi+

We report the first observation of the Cabibbo-suppressed charm baryon decay Xi_c+ -> p K- pi+. We observe 150 +- 22 events for the signal. The data were accumulated using the SELEX spectrometer during the 1996-1997 fixed target run at Fermilab, chiefly from a 600 GeV/c Sigma- beam. The branching fractions of the decay relative to the Cabibbo-favored Xi_c+ -> Sigma+ K- pi+ and Xi_c+ -> X- pi+ pi+ are measured to be B(Xi_c+ -> p K- pi+)/B(Xi_c+ -> Sigma+ K- pi+) = 0.22 +- 0.06 +- 0.03 and B(Xi_c+ -> p K- pi+)/B(Xi_c+ -> X- pi+ pi+) = 0.20 +- 0.04 +- 0.02, respectively.Comment: 5 pages, RevTeX, 3 figures (postscript), Submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

First observation of a narrow charm-strange meson DsJ(2632) -> Ds eta and D0 K+

We report the first observation of a charm-strange meson DsJ(2632) at a mass of 2632.6+/-1.6 MeV/c^2 in data from SELEX, the charm hadro-production experiment E781 at Fermilab. This state is seen in two decay modes, Ds eta and D0 K+. In the Ds eta decay mode we observe an excess of 49.3 events with a significance of 7.2sigma at a mass of 2635.9+/-2.9 MeV/c^2. There is a corresponding peak of 14 events with a significance of 5.3sigma at 2631.5+/-1.9 MeV/c^2 in the decay mode D0 K+. The decay width of this state is <17 MeV/c^2 at 90% confidence level. The relative branching ratio Gamma(D0K+)/Gamma(Dseta) is 0.16+/-0.06. The mechanism which keeps this state narrow is unclear. Its decay pattern is also unusual, being dominated by the Ds eta decay mode.Comment: 5 pages, 3 included eps figures. v2 as accepted for publication by PR

MicroRNAs in cardiac arrhythmia: DNA sequence variation of MiR-1 and MiR-133A in long QT syndrome.

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetic cardiac condition associated with prolonged ventricular repolarization, primarily a result of perturbations in cardiac ion channels, which predisposes individuals to life-threatening arrhythmias. Using DNA screening and sequencing methods, over 700 different LQTS-causing mutations have been identified in 13 genes worldwide. Despite this, the genetic cause of 30-50% of LQTS is presently unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (∼ 22 nucleotides) noncoding RNAs which post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by binding complementary sequences within messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The human genome encodes over 1800 miRNAs, which target about 60% of human genes. Consequently, miRNAs are likely to regulate many complex processes in the body, indeed aberrant expression of various miRNA species has been implicated in numerous disease states, including cardiovascular diseases. MiR-1 and MiR-133A are the most abundant miRNAs in the heart and have both been reported to regulate cardiac ion channels. We hypothesized that, as a consequence of their role in regulating cardiac ion channels, genetic variation in the genes which encode MiR-1 and MiR-133A might explain some cases of LQTS. Four miRNA genes (miR-1-1, miR-1-2, miR-133a-1 and miR-133a-2), which encode MiR-1 and MiR-133A, were sequenced in 125 LQTS probands. No genetic variants were identified in miR-1-1 or miR-133a-1; but in miR-1-2 we identified a single substitution (n.100A> G) and in miR-133a-2 we identified two substitutions (n.-19G> A and n.98C> T). None of the variants affect the mature miRNA products. Our findings indicate that sequence variants of miR-1-1, miR-1-2, miR-133a-1 and miR-133a-2 are not a cause of LQTS in this cohort