4 research outputs found

    ABORDAGEM MULTIDISCIPLINAR NO TRATAMENTO DE DOENÇAS CRÔNICA

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    Introdução: Sendo uma das principais causas de morte pelo mundo, as doenças crĂŽnicas se caracterizam por patologias com desenvolvimento gradual e de longa duração, podendo se estender por cerca de 6 meses ou se perdurar por toda a vida. Classificando-se em transmissĂ­veis, causadas por um agente infeccioso e nĂŁo transmissĂ­veis frequentemente relacionadas Ă  predisposição genĂ©tica e estilo de vida. Objetivos: Revisar a abordagem multidisciplinar no tratamento de doenças crĂŽnicas. Metodologia: Pesquisa realizada entre abril e maio do ano de 2024, com base em uma revisĂŁo integrativa da literatura cientĂ­fica nas bases de dados SciELo e Biblioteca Virtual em SaĂșde (BVS), utilizando os descritores: "Doenças crĂŽnicas" e "Abordagem no tratamento para doenças crĂŽnicas". Resultados e discussĂŁo:  Resultados e discussĂŁo: A abordagem multidisciplinar no tratamento de doenças crĂŽnicas Ă© fundamental para melhorar os resultados clĂ­nicos e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A participação de diferentes profissionais de saĂșde facilita a adesĂŁo ao tratamento e reduz maiores complicaçÔes. ConclusĂŁo: É essencial promover e implementar estratĂ©gias que incentivem a colaboração entre diferentes profissionais de saĂșde no manejo dessas condiçÔes, a fim de facilitar o processo do tratamento.&nbsp

    EFEITOS DA PREMATURIDADE NO DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL

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    Introduction: Prematurity, defined as birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation, is a condition that affects millions of babies around the world. Prematurity can result in a variety of medical complications and developmental delays that can have lasting, lifelong impacts and can occur for a variety of reasons, from complications during pregnancy to the mother's underlying medical conditions, genetic and environmental factors, becoming one of the main causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in many countries, representing a significant challenge for health systems and affected families. Objectives: Objectively describe the impacts caused by prematurity on child development and the biggest challenges faced as a result of this factor. Methodology: Research carried out between April and May 2024, based on an integrative review of scientific literature in the SciELo and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases, using the descriptors: “Prematurity” and “Child development”. Results and discussion: Prematurity has several impacts on child development, from delays in neurological evolution, physical growth to respiratory, immunological and nutritional health. Children born prematurely are at greater risk of developing cognitive and motor delays, attention deficits, hyperactivity and learning difficulties throughout their lives, facing challenges related to physical health and well-being. Conclusion: Premature babies face a series of challenges from the moment of birth, where they often require intensive care to ensure their survival and promote adequate growth and development. Furthermore, throughout childhood, these children often require specialized medical and therapeutic support to monitor and intervene in possible health complications, such as chronic respiratory, visual and hearing problems. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure a sensitive and welcoming care environment, in addition to offering emotional support to parents, to promote the best possible development for these children. Introdução: A prematuridade, definida como o nascimento antes das 37 semanas completas de gestação, Ă© uma condição que afeta milhĂ”es de bebĂȘs em todo o mundo. A prematuridade pode resultar em uma variedade de complicaçÔes mĂ©dicas e atrasos no desenvolvimento, que podem ter impactos duradouros ao longo da vida, podendo ocorrer por uma variedade de razĂ”es, desde complicaçÔes durante a gravidez atĂ© condiçÔes mĂ©dicas subjacentes da mĂŁe, fatores genĂ©ticos e ambientais, se tornando uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade neonatais em muitos paĂ­ses, representando um desafio significativo para os sistemas de saĂșde e para as famĂ­lias afetadas. Objetivos: Descrever de forma objetiva quais os impactos causados pela prematuridade no desenvolvimento infantil e os maiores desafios enfrentados por consequĂȘncia desse fator. Metodologia: Pesquisa realizada entre abril e maio do ano de 2024, com base em uma revisĂŁo integrativa da literatura cientĂ­fica nas bases de dados SciELo e Biblioteca Virtual em SaĂșde (BVS), utilizando os descritores: "Prematuridade", "Manejo da prematuridade" e "Desafios da prematuridade". Resultados e discussĂŁo: A prematuridade acarreta diversos impactos no desenvolvimento infantil, desde atrasos na evolução neurolĂłgica, no crescimento fĂ­sico atĂ© a saĂșde respiratĂłria, imunolĂłgica e nutricional. Crianças nascidas prematuramente apresentam maior risco de desenvolver atraso cognitivo e motor, dĂ©ficits de atenção, hiperatividade e dificuldades de aprendizagem ao longo da vida, enfrentando desafios relacionados Ă  saĂșde fĂ­sica e ao bem-estar. ConclusĂŁo: Os prematuros enfrentam uma sĂ©rie de desafios desde o momento do nascimento, onde muitas vezes necessitam de cuidados intensivos para garantir sua sobrevivĂȘncia e promover um crescimento e desenvolvimento adequado. AlĂ©m disso, ao longo da infĂąncia, essas crianças frequentemente necessitam de acompanhamento mĂ©dico e terapĂȘutico especializado para monitoração e intervenção em possĂ­veis complicaçÔes de saĂșde, como problemas respiratĂłrios crĂŽnicos, visuais e auditivos. Assim, Ă© crucial garantir um ambiente de cuidados sensĂ­vel e acolhedor, alĂ©m de oferecer apoio emocional aos pais, para promover o melhor desenvolvimento possĂ­vel para essas crianças.&nbsp

    Spatial variability of the relationships of runoff and sediment yield with weather types throughout the Mediterranean basin

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    Summarization: Soil degradation by water is a serious environmental problem worldwide, with specific climatic factors being the major causes. We investigated the relationships between synoptic atmospheric patterns (i.e. weather types, WTs) and runoff, erosion and sediment yield throughout the Mediterranean basin by analyzing a large database of natural rainfall events at 68 research sites in 9 countries. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify spatial relationships of the different WTs including three hydro-sedimentary variables: rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield (SY, used to refer to both soil erosion measured at plot scale and sediment yield registered at catchment scale). The results indicated 4 spatial classes of rainfall and runoff: (a) northern sites dependent on North (N) and North West (NW) flows; (b) eastern sites dependent on E and NE flows; (c) southern sites dependent on S and SE flows; and, finally, (d) western sites dependent on W and SW flows. Conversely, three spatial classes are identified for SY characterized by: (a) N and NE flows in northern sites (b) E flows in eastern sites, and (c) W and SW flows in western sites. Most of the rainfall, runoff and SY occurred during a small number of daily events, and just a few WTs accounted for large percentages of the total. Our results confirm that characterization by WT improves understanding of the general conditions under which runoff and SY occur, and provides useful information for understanding the spatial variability of runoff, and SY throughout the Mediterranean basin. The approach used here could be useful to aid of the design of regional water management and soil conservation measures.Î Î±ÏÎżÏ…ÏƒÎčÎŹÏƒÏ„Î·ÎșΔ ÏƒÏ„Îż: Journal of Hydrolog

    Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

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    Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)
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