Bliskoistočni sukobi i cjeloviti pristup stabilnosti i održivoj suradnji

In this paper, two major ethnic conflicts in the Middle East region are considered, namely, the Kurdish issue in Iraq and Syria, as well as recent conflicts in Syria. Three main theoretical perspectives on identity divides and conflicts are discussed in the context of the Middle East region. The considered conflicts are then analyzed separately, giving a brief overview of the main sources of conflicts in the ethnic context, including the influence of international factors and the current situation on the global scene. A comprehensive strategy for regional socio-economic integration is proposed with possible directions forestablishing sustainable peace and stability in the Middle East region. The aim is to interconnect the particular directions toward a unified regional integration approach for solving the problems which cause significant instability in this region. The solution needs to be obtained by combining an appropriate external factor influence and mediation fostering regional cooperation with the forms of institutional engineering. Based on the theoretical and extensive empirical analysis, the European Union is chosen as an external factor having a great capacity and multiple interests in providing stability which will lead to the collaboration with this region.U ovom radu su razmatrana dva velika etnička sukoba u regiji Bliskog istoka, a to su kurdsko pitanje u Iraku i Siriji i nedavni sukobi u Siriji. Tri glavne teorijske perspektive o identitetskim podjelama i sukobima su analizirane u kontekstu regije Bliskog istoka. Zatim se zasebno analiziraju razmatrani sukobi, dajući kratak pregled glavnih izvora sukoba u etničkom kontekstu, uključujući utjecaj međunarodnih čimbenika i aktualnu situaciju na globalnoj sceni. Predložena je sveobuhvatna strategija regionalne socioekonomske integracije s mogućim smjerovima za uspostavljanje održivog mira i stabilnosti u regiji Bliskog istoka. Cilj je međusobno povezivanje pojedinih pravaca prema jedinstvenom regionalnom integracijskom pristupu rješavanju problema koji uzrokuju značajnu nestabilnost u ovoj regiji. Rješenje je potrebno postići kombinacijom odgovarajućeg vanjskog utjecaja čimbenika i posredovanja u poticanju regionalne suradnje s oblicima institucionalnog inženjeringa. Na temelju teorijske i opsežne empirijske analize, Europska unija je odabrana kao vanjski čimbenik s velikim kapacitetom i višestrukim interesima u osiguravanju stabilnosti koja će voditi prema suradnji sa ovom regijom

Supplementary data for the article: Dimitrijević, T.; Vulić, P.; Manojlović, D.; Nikolić, A. S.; Stanković, D. M. Amperometric Ascorbic Acid Sensor Based on Doped Ferrites Nanoparticles Modified Glassy Carbon Paste Electrode. Analytical Biochemistry 2016, 504, 20–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2016.03.020

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2016.03.020]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1950

Estimation of genetic parameters and breeding values for litter size in the first three parity of Landrace sows

The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and breeding values for reproduction traits of Landrace sows in the first three parities by Animal model. Records of 2238 first parity; 2125 second parity and 1872 third parity Landrace sows farrowing between 2007 and 2012 were included in the analysis. The traits included in the analyses were total pigs born (TB), number of pigs born alive (NBA), number of pigs weaned (NW) and litter weaning weight (LW) in the parities. The genetic parameters were estimated using a multivariate analyses Animal model using REML procedure. Estimates of heritability for TB were 0.03, 0.05 and 0.18, for NBA were 0.04, 0.02 and 0.17, for NW were 0.08, 0.08 and 0.01 and for LW were 0.09, 0.11 and 0.03 for parities 1 to 3. Genetic and phenotypic variance were increased from the first to the third parity. Between the majorities of studied reproductive traits were the recorded positive genetic and phenotypic correlations, except between LW and other analyzed properties where they recorded a high correlation negative in third parity. Means of estimated breeding values of reproductive traits from first parity to third parity was in decreased

Pharmacogenomics landscape of COVID-19 therapy response in Serbian population and comparison with worldwide populations

Uvod: Kako ne postoje odobreni terapeutici za lečenje pacijenata sa COVID-19, mogućnost upotrebe postojećih lekova je postala važna. U nedostatku vremena za testiranje farmakogenomskih markera kod pojedinaca, populaciona farmakogenomika bi mogla biti od koristi u predviđanju povećanog rizika za pojavu neželjenih reakcija i neuspeha lečenja kod pacijenata sa COVID-19. Cilj naše studije bio je identifikovanje farmakogena i farmakogenomskih markera povezanih sa lekovima koji se preporučuju za lečenje COVID-19, hlorokin/hidroksihlorokin, azitromicin, lopinavir i ritonavir, u populaciji Srbije i drugim svetskim populacijama. Metode: Podaci o genotipu 143 osobe srpskog porekla dobijeni su iz baze podataka prethodno formirane analizama genoma korišćenjem TruSight One Gene Panel (Illumina). Podaci o genotipu pojedinaca iz različitih svetskih populacija dobijeni su iz Projekta 1000 genoma. Fišerov egzaktni test korišćen je za poređenje učestalosti alela. Rezultati: Identifikovali smo 11 potencijalnih farmakogenomskih markera u 7 farmakogena značajnih za lečenje COVID-19. Na osnovu visoke alterativne učestalosti alela u populaciji Srbije i funkcionalnog efekta varijanti, ABCB1 rs1045642 i rs2032582 mogu biti značajne za smanjeni klirens lekova azitromicina, lopinavira i ritonavira, a varijanta UGT1A7 rs17868323 za hiperbilirubinemiju kod bolesnika sa COVID-19 koji se leče ritonavirom. SLCO1B1 rs4149056 je potencijalni marker odgovora na lopinavir, posebno u populaciji Italije. Naši rezultati potvrdili su da se farmakogenomski profil afričke populacije razlikuje od ostatka sveta. Zaključak: Uzimajući u obzir farmakogenomski profil specifičan za populaciju, preventivno testiranje farmakogena značajnih za lekove koji se koriste u lečenju COVID-19 moglo bi doprineti boljem razumevanju interindividualnih razlika u odgovorima na terapiju i poboljšanju ishoda lečenja pacijenata sa COVID-19.Background: Since there are no certified therapeutics to treat COVID-19 patients, drug repurposing became important. With lack of time to test individual pharmacogenomics markers, population pharmacogenomics could be helpful in predicting a higher risk of developing adverse reactions and treatment failure in COVID-19 patients. Aim of our study was to identify pharmacogenes and pharmacogenomics markers associated with drugs recommended for COVID-19 treatment, chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, lopinavir and ritonavir, in population of Serbia and other world populations. Methods: Genotype information of 143 individuals of Serbian origin was extracted from database previously obtained using TruSight One Gene Panel (Illumina). Genotype data of individuals from different world populations were extracted from the 1000 Genome Project. Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of allele frequencies. Results: We have identified 11 potential pharmacogenomics markers in 7 pharmacogenes relevant for COVID-19 treatment. Based on high alternative allele frequencies in population and the functional effect of the variants, ABCB1 rs1045642 and rs2032582 could be relevant for reduced clearance of azithromycin, lopinavir and ritonavir drugs and UGT1A7 rs17868323 for hyperbilirubinemia in ritonavir treated COVID-19 patients in Serbian population. SLCO1B1 rs4149056 is a potential marker of lopinavir response, especially in Italian population. Our results confirmed that pharmacogenomics profile of African population is different from the rest of the world. Conclusions: Considering population specific pharmacogenomics landscape, preemptive testing for pharmacogenes relevant for drugs used in COVID-19 treatment could contribute to better understanding of the inconsistency in therapy response and could be applied to improve the outcome of the COVID-19 patients

Towards the semantic annotation of SR-ELEXIS corpus: Insights into Multiword Expressions and Named Entities

This paper presents the work in progress on ELEXIS-SR corpus, the Serbian addition to the ELEXIS multilingual annotated corpus (Martelli et al., 2023), comprising semantic annotations and word sense repositories. The ELEXIS corpus has parallel annotations in ten European languages, serving as a cross-lingual benchmark for evaluating low and medium-resourced European languages. The focus in this paper is on multiword expressions (MWEs) and named entities (NEs), their recognition in the ELEXIS-SR sentence set, and comparison with annotations in other languages. The first steps in building the Serbian sense inventory are discussed, and some results concerning MWEs and NEs are analysed. Once completed, the ELEXIS-SR corpus will be the first sense annotated corpus using the Serbian WordNet (SrpWN). Finally, ideas to represent MWE lexicon entries as Linguistic Linked-Open Data (LLOD) and connect them with occurrences in the corpus are presented

THE CLASSIFICATION OF CYTOLOGIC FINDINGS OF CERVIX UTERI »ZAGREB 2002« The Modification of the »Zagreb 1990« and »NCI Bethesda System 2001« Classifications

»Zagreb 2002«, nova jedinstvena klasifikacija citoloških nalaza vrata maternice u Hrvatskoj, predstavlja modifikaciju klasifikacija »Zagreb 1990« i »NCI Bethesda system 2001«. Za ocjenu primjerenosti uzorka koriste se dvije skupine, »zadovoljava« i »ne zadovoljava«, s tim da ocjena ne zadovoljava uključuje i uzorke koji nisu analizirani kao i one koji su analizirani ali procjena abnormalnosti nije moguća, uz dodatna objašnjenja razloga. Prema općoj podjeli nalazi se klasificiraju kao »negativno na intraepitelnu ili invazivnu leziju« (uredan nalaz, promjene uz reaktivne i reparatorne¬ reakcije, nalaz koji ukazuje na određeni rizik) i »abnormalne stanice« (stanične promjene koje su morfološki u skladu s intraepitelnim ili invazivnim malignim lezijama). Opisna dijagnoza sadrži rubrike »mikroorganizmi«, »drugi ne-neoplastični nalazi« i »abnormalne stanice« (skvamozne, glandularne, neodređena značenja i druge maligne neoplazme). U skupinu »Drugi ne-neoplastični nalazi«, koji se mogu naći uz ili bez abnormalnih stanica, svrstane su reaktivne promjene na stanicama, reparatorni epitel, rezervne stanice, parakeratoza, diskeratoza, hiperkeratoza, nalaz cilindričnih stanica iza histerektomije, nalaz endometralnih stanica izvan ciklusa ili u postmenopauzi, te konstatacija da citohormonski status ne odgovara dobi i/ili anamnezi. Skvamozne lezije su podijeljene u tri skupine: »atipične skvamozne stanice« (ASC), »skvamozna intraepitelna lezija« (SIL) i »carcinoma planocellulare«. Novost je da unutar kategorije atipične skvamozne stanice (ASC) razlikujemo pod¬skupine: »neodređena značenja« (ASC-US), »ne može se isključiti HSIL« (ASC-H) i »ne može se isključiti invazija«. Za skupinu skvamozna intraepitelna lezija (SIL) u upotrebi su i dalje sva tri aktualna nazivlja, a jedina promjena se odnosi na dodatak »početna invazija se ne može isključiti«, koja se odnosi na inače karakteristične citološke slike karcinoma in situ s nekim promjenama na stanicama i podlozi, koje ukazuju na mogućnost rane invazije strome. Glandularne lezije su također podijeljene u tri skupine: »atipične glandularne stanice« (tri podskupine; vjerojatno reaktivne, vjerojatno intraepitlne i vjerojatno invazivne), »adenocarcinoma in situ« (AIS) i »adenocarcinoma«, uz naznaku¬ porijekla.¬ Skupina »abnormalne stanice neodređena značenja« i skupina »druge maligne neoplazme« se odnosi na abnormalnosti, gdje je/nije moguće postaviti diferencijalnu citološku dijagnozu.»Zagreb 2002«, a new unique classification of cytologic findings of the cervix uteri in Croatia presents the modification of the »Zagreb 1990« and »NCI Bethesda system 2001« classifications. There are two categories, that are »adequate« and »inadequate«, applied for the assessment of specimen adequacy. The category of inadequate also includes specimen that have not been analysed as well as the ones that have been analysed but the abnormality assessment cannot be given for whatever the reason is, accompanied by the additional explanation. According to the general division, the findings are classified as »negative for intraepithelial or invasive lesion« (no irregularities, changes with reactive and reparative reactions, results indicating certain risk) and »abnormal cells« (cellular changes which morphologically are in compliance with intraepithelial or invasive malignant lesions). Descriptive diagnosis contains the following sections: »micro-organisms«, »other non-neoplastic findings« and »abnormal cells« (squamous, glandular, non-defined and other malignant lesions). Reactive cellular changes, reparative epithelium, reserve cells, parakeratosis, dyskeratosis, hyperkeratosis, glandular cells status post hysterectomy, endometrial cells finding out of the cycle or during the postmenopause, as well as the definition that cytohormonal status is not adequate to the age and/or anamnesis all pertain to the category of »other non-neoplastic findings«, that can be found with or without abnormal cells. Squamous lesions are divided into the three groups: »atypical squamous cells« (ASC), »squamous intraepithelial lesion« (SIL) and »carcinoma planocellulare«. The news is there are the three subgroups, those are »non defined« (ASC-US), »HSIL cannot be excluded« (ASC-H) and »invasion cannot be excluded« within the category of »atypical squamous cells«. There are still three current names applied for the category of squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL). The only change concerns the supplement »initial invasion cannot be excluded« which refers to typical cytologic pictures of carcinoma in situ with several changes on cells and the base that indicate the possibility of the early stroma invasion. Glandular lesions are also divided into the three groups: »atypical glandular cells« (three subgroups: »favor reactive, favor intraepithelial and favor invasive), »adenocarcinoma in situ« (AIS) and »adenocarcinoma«, accompanied by the suggestion of origin. The »abnormal non-defined cells« group and »other malignant neoplasms« group refer to abnormalities where it is not/is possible to set a differential cytologic diagnosis

Novel Strategy for Electroanalytical Detection of Antipsychotic Drugs Chlorpromazine and Thioridazine; Possibilities for Simultaneous Determination

A simple and fast method for determination of two phenothiazine drugs, chlorpromazine (CPZ) and thioridazine (TDZ), at the boron-doped diamond electrode (BDDE) was proposed. Oxidation peaks on potentials higher than 1 V were used for quantitation of investigated phenothiazines due to better selectivity over common interfering compounds in urine. Differential pulse voltammetry was applied for trace determination of CPZ and TDZ, in Britton-Robinson buffer solution at optimal pH. Under optimized DPV conditions a linear analytical curve was obtained from 1.0x10(-7) to 4.0x10(-5) M with a detection limit of 0.3x10(-7) M (for CPZ) and in the concentration range of 2x10(-7) M to 4.0x10(-5) M, with a detection limit of 1.2x10(-7)M (for TDZ). The applicability of the method was proved by determination of CPZ and TDZ by proposed procedures in spiked urine samples. The electrochemical behavior of those two important tranquilizers in different solvents was described, exploring the possibility of simultaneous determination

Supplementary data for the article: Dimitrijević, T.; Vulić, P.; Manojlović, D.; Nikolić, A. S.; Stanković, D. M. Amperometric Ascorbic Acid Sensor Based on Doped Ferrites Nanoparticles Modified Glassy Carbon Paste Electrode. Analytical Biochemistry 2016, 504, 20–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2016.03.020

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2016.03.020]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1950

Importance of TLR9-IL23-1L17 axis in inflammatory bowel disease development: Gene expression profiling study

Background and aims: Mucosal gene expression have not been fully enlightened in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Aim of this study was to define IL23A, IL17A, IL17F and TLR9 expression in different IBD phenotypes. Methods: Evaluation of mRNA levels was performed in paired non-inflamed and inflamed mucosal biopsies of newly diagnosed 50 Crohn's disease (CD) and 54 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Results: IL17A and IL17F expression levels were significantly increased in inflamed IBD mucosa. Inflamed CD ileal and UC mucosa showed increased IL23A, while only inflamed CD ileal samples showed increased TLR9 mRNA level. Correlation between analysed mRNAs levels and endoscopic and clinical disease activity were found in UC, but only with clinical activity in CD. Conclusion: Both CD and UC presented expression of Th17-associated genes. Nevertheless, expression profiles between different disease forms varies which should be taken into account for future research and therapeutics strategies.This is the peer reviewed version of the paper: Dragasevic, S., Stankovic, B., Sokic-Milutinovic, A., Milosavljevic, T., Milovanovic, T., Lukic, S., Drazilov, S. S., Klaassen, K., Kotur, N., Pavlovic, S., & Popovic, D. (2018). Importance of TLR9-IL23-IL17 axis in inflammatory bowel disease development: Gene expression profiling study. Clinical Immunology, 197, 86–95. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2018.09.001