16 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
On the modeling of viscoelastic droplet impact dynamics
This paper was presented at the 4th Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2014), which was held at University College, London, UK. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute, ASME Press, LCN London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL University College London, UCL Engineering, the International NanoScience Community, www.nanopaprika.eu.In this paper, a numerical modeling of the impact, spreading, and eventually rebound of a viscoelastic droplet is reported. The numerical model is based on the volume of fluid (VOF) method coupled with the FENE-CR constitutive equations, and accounts for both the surface tension and the substrate wettability. The FENE-CR constitutive equations are used to model the polymer solution, while taking advantage of its rheological characterization. The comparison is performed between droplets of Newtonian solvent and a monodisperse polymer solution. The droplet impact on both hydrophilic and superhydrophobic substrate is analyzed through a detailed analysis of the spreading diameter evolution. It is found that while the droplet kinematic phase seems independent of the substrate and fluids properties, the recoiling phase is highly related to all of them. In addition the model infers a critical polymer concentration above which the droplet rebound from a superhydrophobic substrate is suppressed. The simulation is of particular interest to ink-jet processing, and demonstrates the capability of the model to handle complex non-Newtonian droplet dynamics
The unique resistance and resilience of the Nigerian West African Dwarf goat to gastrointestinal nematode infections
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>West African Dwarf (WAD) goats serve an important role in the rural village economy of West Africa, especially among small-holder livestock owners. They have been shown to be trypanotolerant and to resist infections with <it>Haemonchus contortus </it>more effectively than any other known breed of goat.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this paper we review what is known about the origins of this goat breed, explain its economic importance in rural West Africa and review the current status of our knowledge about its ability to resist parasitic infections.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We suggest that its unique capacity to show both trypanotolerance and resistance to gastrointestinal (GI) nematode infections is immunologically based and genetically endowed, and that knowledge of the underlying genes could be exploited to improve the capacity of more productive wool and milk producing, but GI nematode susceptible, breeds of goats to resist infection, without recourse to anthelmintics. Either conventional breeding allowing introgression of resistance alleles into susceptible breeds, or transgenesis could be exploited for this purpose. Appropriate legal protection of the resistance alleles of WAD goats might provide a much needed source of revenue for the countries in West Africa where the WAD goats exist and where currently living standards among rural populations are among the lowest in the world.</p
Lithiase sur Fistule vésico-vaginale au centre OASIS du CHU Point G. A propos de 06 cas
RĂ©sumĂ© : Objectifs : DĂ©crire les particularitĂ©s clinique et thĂ©rapeutique dâune lithiase associĂ©e Ă une fistule vĂ©sico-vaginale et analyser les facteurs favorisants.MĂ©thodologie : De janvier 2018 Ă juillet 2018, six (06) patientes ont Ă©tĂ© opĂ©rĂ©es pour calcul sur fistule vĂ©sico-vaginale dans le service dâurologie du CHU Point G. Pour chaque dossier, les aspects Ă©pidĂ©miologiques, cliniques et thĂ©rapeutiques ont Ă©tĂ© analysĂ©s.RĂ©sultats: Six (06) des 43 patientes opĂ©rĂ©es pour fistule vĂ©sico-vaginale en six mois avaient un calcul. LâĂąge des patientes variait de 26 Ă 70 ans avec une moyenne de 48,2 ans. LâĂąge de la fistule variait de 03 Ă 40 ans. Les antĂ©cĂ©dents Ă©taient trois (03) cĂ©sariennes, une (1) hystĂ©rectomie pour rupture utĂ©rine, deux (2) accouchements Ă domicile. G1P1V0MnĂ©1 : 2 (1 cure et 14 cures)G2P2V0MnĂ©2 : 1 (1 cure en 1978)G3P3V2MnĂ©1 : 1 (1 cure en 1960)G4P4V3MnĂ©1 : 1 (1 cure)G7P7V2D3MnĂ©2 : 1 (4 cures de fistule).Tous les accouchements ont Ă©tĂ© dystociques. La durĂ©e du travail dâaccouchement variait entre 02 jours et 1 semaine. Aucun fĆtus nâĂ©tait vivant Ă la naissance. LâECBU rĂ©alisĂ©e chez six (06) patientes avait identifiĂ© cinq (5) fois Echerichia Coli et une (1) fois Proteus mirabilis. Ces infections ont Ă©tĂ© prises en charge conformĂ©ment Ă lâantibiogramme. Le calcul avait Ă©tĂ© extrait cinq (5) fois par voie haute et une (1) fois par voie vaginale. Les dimensions des calculs variaient de 3 Ă 9 cms de grand diamĂštre. La suture concomitante de la fistule avait Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e par voie haute (3) et basse (3), avec guĂ©rison chez toutes les patientes.Conclusion :Les fistules vĂ©sico-vaginales peuvent se compliquer de calcul et vis-versa par la survenu : -Dâune lithiase sur fil de suture non rĂ©sorbable ;-Dâune fistule suite aux traumatismes dâun calcul (complication). Les facteurs favorisants ont Ă©tĂ© les corps Ă©trangers
Case Report - Strangulation du colon sigmoïdien par un testicule ectopique géant
Les causes de volvulus du colon sigmoïde sont variées et parmi elles la strangulation est des plus fréquentes dans notre contexte d’exercice. Les lésions vues tard permettent très rarement un traitement sans résection. La survenue d’un volvulus du colon sigmoïde autour d’un pédicule de testicule géant ectopique est une première que nous rapportons dans cette étude de cas
Characterization of novel interactions with plasma membrane NEU1 reveals new biological functions for the elastin receptor complex in vascular diseases
Hernies incisionnelles chez lâadulte dans un contexte sous mĂ©dicalisĂ©.
Lâobjectif de ce travail Ă©tait dâĂ©tudier les facteurs favorisants et le traitement chirurgical des hernies incisionnelles. Il sâagissait dÂŽune Ă©tude rĂ©trospective descriptive portant sur des patients opĂ©rĂ©s pour hernie incisionnelle dans le service de chirurgie B du CHU du Point G sur une pĂ©riode de 11 ans allant du 1er janvier 2001 au 31 dĂ©cembre 2011. Il a étĂ© enregistrĂ© 60 cas de hernies incisionnelles dont 40 femmes avec un sex-ratio de 0,5. LâĂąge moyen était de 39,8 ans ± 18,3. Lâindice de masse corporelle moyen Ă©tait de 26,3 kg/ m2. Les principaux facteurs favorisants qui Ă©taient statistiquement liĂ©s à la survenue de la hernie incisionnelle ont Ă©tĂ© : ùge jeune (†45 ans), le sexe fĂ©minin, lâĂ©tat nutritionnel, lâopĂ©ration de la pathologie initiale en urgence, lâincision mĂ©diane et la longueur de lâincision initiale â„ 5 cm. La cure a Ă©tĂ© une herniorraphie par suture aponĂ©vrotique dans 96,7% des cas (n=58), la mise en place dâune prothĂšse dans 3,3% des cas (n=2). Les suites opĂ©ratoires étaient compliquĂ©es de suppuration pariĂ©tale dans 15% (n=9). Les rĂ©cidives Ă©taient de 13,3% des cas (n=8). Les facteurs favorisants de la hernie incisionnelle restent dominĂ©s dans notre contexte par les femmes jeunes, opĂ©rĂ©es en urgence par la laparotomie mĂ©diane, surtout sous ombilicale. La pariĂ©torraphie est la technique chirurgicale la plus pratiquĂ©e.Mots clĂ©s : Hernie incisionnelle, facteurs favorisants, éventrations postopĂ©ratoires, chirurgie
Outcomes of conservative treatment of giant omphaloceles with dissodic 2% aqueous eosin: 15 yearsâČ experience
Background: The surgical management of giant omphalocele is a surgical challenge with high mortality and morbidity in our country due to the absence of neonatal resuscitation. This study evaluates conservative management of giant omphalocele with dissodic 2% aqueous eosin. Materials and Methods: In the period from January 1997 to December 2012, giant omphaloceles were treated with dissodic 2% aqueous eosin. The procedure consisted of twice a day application of dissodic 2% aqueous eosin (sterile solution for topical application) on the omphalocele sac. The procedure was taught to the mother to continue at home with an outpatient follow-up to assess epithelialization. We studied the duration of the hospital stay, the learning curve of the procedure by the mother, the complications, the duration and the percentage of complete epithelialization and the mortality. Results: A total of 173 giant omphaloceles had a conservative treatment with dissodic 2% aqueous eosin. The average hospital stay was 21 ± 6 days. The learning curve by the mother of the procedure was 10 ± 3 days. Complications of treatment were intestinal functional occlusion 22% and omphalocele sac infection 18%. The complete epithelialization of the omphaloceles sac after application of dissodic 2% aqueous eosin was 68.5%. Mortality was observed in 25.5%. Conclusion: Conservative treatment of giant omphaloceles by dissodic 2% aqueous eosin is a simple, efficient and a good alternative to surgery. The mother can easily learn its procedure which reduces the duration of hospital stay
Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention with Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine and Amodiaquine Selects Pfdhfr-dhps Quintuple Mutant Genotype in Mali
Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) plus amodiaquine (AQ) is being scaled up in Sahelian countries of West Africa. However, the potential development of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to the respective component drugs is a major concern