Uptake and fate of lead in the common asteroid Asterias rubens (Echinodermata)

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Why should the asteroid Asterias rubens be included in biomonitoring programmes? A case study on the lead contamination of North Sea littoral biotopes

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Kinetics of lead uptake by the skeleton of the asteroid Asterias rubens (Echinodermata)

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Sorption-desorption kinetics and toxic cell concentration in marine phytoplankton microalgae exposed to Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate

Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates (LAS) are ubiquitous surfactants. Traces can be found in coastal environments. Sorption and toxicity of C12-LAS congeners were studied in controlled conditions (2-3500 µg C12LAs/L) in five marine phytoplanktonic species, using standardized methods. IC50 values ranged from 0.5 to 2 mg LAS/L. Sorption of 14C12-6 LAS isomer was measured at environmentally relevant trace levels (4 µg/L) using liquid scintillation counting. Steady-state sorption on algae was reached within 5 h in the order dinoflagellate > diatoms > green algae. The sorption data, fitted a L-type Freundlich isotherm, indicating saturation. Desorption was rapid but a low LAS fraction was still sorbed after 24 h. Toxic cell concentration was 0.38 +/- 0.09 mg/g for the studied species. LAS toxicity results from sorption on biological membranes leading to non-specific disturbance of algal growth. Results indicate that LAS concentrations in coastal environments do not represent a risk for these organisms

Seasonal and geographical variations of heavy metal levels, and kinetics of lead accumulation in the asteroid Asterias rubens, a key species of North Sea littoral ecosystems

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Distribution of heavy metals in the echinoid <i>Paracentrotus lividus</i> from the Mediterranean <i>Posidonia oceanica</i> ecosystem: seasonal and geographical variations

The concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe, Cr, Cu, and Ti were measured in specimens of the echinoid Paracentrotus lividus from three Posidonia oceanica meadows in the NW Mediterranean (Marseille, France; Ischia, Italy; Calvi, Corsica). Investigated metals were selectively distributed among the echinoid body compartments (i.e. body wall, Aristotle's lantern, digestive wall, and gonads); their concentrations were influenced by season. The present work emphasises the need to consider both body compartment and sampling period as important factors in studies intending to use P. lividus as a biomonitor species. In particular, digestive wall and, secondarily, body wall and gonads are recommended for use in biomonitoring programmes, though with some restrictions for gonads. Concentrations of most metals differed significantly in the echinoid body compartments according to the seagrass meadow considered. However, these differences were generally of low amplitude, except for Fe and Ti contaminations by these two metals showed significant departures from background concentrations in echinoids from Ischia). Results suggest that the meadows of Calvi and Marseille, although subject to different pollution status (the meadow of Calvi is considered as a reference meadow while the Marseille meadow is exposed to intense domestic and industrial discharges), showed similar patterns of metal contamination

Lead contamination of Asterias rubens, a key species of North Sea littoral ecosystems

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Effects of the Erika oil spill on the common starfish Asterias rubens, evaluated by field and laboratory studies.

Impacts of the Erika oil spill on the common starfish Asterias rubens were investigated in the field and using laboratory experiments based on contamination via food at different stages of the starfish reproductive cycle. Two months after the shipwreck, levels of hydrocarbons characteristic of Erika fuel were significantly higher in pyloric ceca and body wall of A. rubens from a contaminated site, compared with control animals from an unpolluted reference area. Concomitant immunological responses and detoxification enzyme activity (CYP1A) were enhanced in the impacted starfish, suggesting rapid biotransformation processes. This was confirmed by laboratory experiments which showed a fast PAH uptake during the 10 first days of contamination and the start of biotransformation processes from the third day. Our study confirms benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase activity (BPH) in A. rubens and demonstrates the influence of CYP1A in the conversion of insoluble PAHs into soluble derivatives in this species for the first time. The rapidity of decontamination could explain why starfish growth, level of motile activity, reproductive investment, energy storage, and larval development were not significantly affected by these contaminants.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Allometry of heavy metal bioconcentration in the echinoid Paracentrotus lividus

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