Comparative veterinary and sanitary assessment of wild animal meat in the middle Urals

Wild meat has long been part of the hunter’s diet. The Urals belongs to the ecologically unsafe regions of Russia, dysfunctional for invasive zooanthroponotic diseases. The annual hunting season is a potentially dangerous event due to the possibility of infection of the hunters themselves and their family members with zooanthoponoses spreading along the food chain. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to assess the intensity of commercial wild animals meat invasion by the express diagnostics using a compessarium and histological examination of veterinary and sanitary evaluation of meat. It was important to identify the highest degree of invasion of animals types. The article presents a comparative comprehensive veterinary and sanitary assessment of the meat of wild carnivorous and omnivorous animals from the Ural region. The grade of wild animals, invasion large degree was revealed not only by intestinal forms of parasites, but also by the larval form of trichinosis. At the same time, was determined a high degree of invasion by trichinella. In case of minor invasion or its absence, wild animal meat should be allowed to be eaten by humans or in animal feed only after prolonged heat treatment, as they are one of the links in the spread of parasitic diseases

SYNTHESIS AND INVESTIGATION OF PROPERTIES Li2O-B2O3-V2O5 GLASS SYSTEM

Samples in 30Li2O-(70-x)B2O3-xV2O5 glass system (x = 30...47.5 mol. %) have been obtained. The influence of concentration of vanadium oxide on the characteristic temperatures of glasses, structure and electrical conductivity has been investigated. It was found that at the V2O5 concentration of 47.5 mol% the electrical conductivity increases. The maximum value of conductivity is 5.5·10-5 S/cm at room temperature for the composition 30.0Li2O-22.5B2O3-47.5V2O5.В данной работе получены и исследованы стекла системы 30Li2O-(70-x)B2O3-xV2O5 (x = 30…47,5 мол. %). Изучено влияние концентрации оксида ванадия на характеристические температуры стекол, структуру и электропроводность. Установлено, что при увеличении концентрации V2O5 до 47,5 мол. % происходит резкое увеличение электропроводности. Максимальное значение проводимости при комнатной температуре составляет 5,5·10-5 См/см для состава 30,0Li2O-22,5B2O3-47,5V2O5

Tiotropium versus Salmeterol for the Prevention of Exacerbations of COPD

BACKGROUND Treatment guidelines recommend the use of inhaled long-acting bronchodilators to alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of exacerbations in patients with moderate-tovery-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but do not specify whether a long-acting anticholinergic drug or a β2-agonist is the preferred agent. We investigated whether the anticholinergic drug tiotropium is superior to the β2-agonist salmeterol in preventing exacerbations of COPD. METHODS In a 1-year, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group trial, we compared the effect of treatment with 18 μg of tiotropium once daily with that of 50 μg of salmeterol twice daily on the incidence of moderate or severe exacerbations in patients with moderate-to-very-severe COPD and a history of exacerbations in the preceding year. RESULTS A total of 7376 patients were randomly assigned to and treated with tiotropium (3707 patients) or salmeterol (3669 patients). Tiotropium, as compared with salmeterol, increased the time to the first exacerbation (187 days vs. 145 days), with a 17% reduction in risk (hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77 to 0.90; P<0.001). Tiotropium also increased the time to the first severe exacerbation (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.85; P<0.001), reduced the annual number of moderate or severe exacerbations (0.64 vs. 0.72; rate ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83 to 0.96; P=0.002), and reduced the annual number of severe exacerbations (0.09 vs. 0.13; rate ratio, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.82; P<0.001). Overall, the incidence of serious adverse events and of adverse events leading to the discontinuation of treatment was similar in the two study groups. There were 64 deaths (1.7%) in the tiotropium group and 78 (2.1%) in the salmeterol group. CONCLUSIONS These results show that, in patients with moderate-to-very-severe COPD, tiotropium is more effective than salmeterol in preventing exacerbations. (Funded by Boehringer Ingelheim and Pfizer; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00563381.

Theoretical and practical aspects of the waste water electrochemical purification method’s applicability

In this article, the authors highlight one of the important directions in the field of environmental protection, namely, an increase in the amount of waste in the form of wastewater (WW) entering water bodies, most often without the required degree of purification. The main reason for the indicated problem development is the rapid growth of industrial production. The authors of the article carried out a literary search for effective and economically justified methods of industrial wastewater treatment. The article presents the results of laboratory studies proving the industrial wastewater electrochemical treatment efficiency and at the same time provides a theoretical explanation of the obtained experimental data from a physical, mathematical and chemical point of view, which allows not only to assess the choice reliability of juice processing some optimal parameters on the example of a food industry , but also take into account the design features in the development of engineering and technical devices, in particular – the electrolyzers

On the issue of disposal of waste sorption material as an additive in new products’ manufacturing

Sorption is currently a promising method for purifying wastewater from organic and inorganic substances. The authors have developed a technology for obtaining a granular composite sorbent (GCS), on the basis of large-tonnage production waste - tobacco dust. However, as a result of sorption purification of highly concentrated wastewater from food industry enterprises, a significant amount of waste sorbent is formed, the regeneration of which is economically inexpedient. This article presents the laboratory studies’ results, on the basis of which methods of GCS disposal were developed, exhausted its sorption resource for the new products’ manufacturing in construction industry

Comparative veterinary and sanitary assessment of wild animal meat in the middle Urals

Wild meat has long been part of the hunter’s diet. The Urals belongs to the ecologically unsafe regions of Russia, dysfunctional for invasive zooanthroponotic diseases. The annual hunting season is a potentially dangerous event due to the possibility of infection of the hunters themselves and their family members with zooanthoponoses spreading along the food chain. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to assess the intensity of commercial wild animals meat invasion by the express diagnostics using a compessarium and histological examination of veterinary and sanitary evaluation of meat. It was important to identify the highest degree of invasion of animals types. The article presents a comparative comprehensive veterinary and sanitary assessment of the meat of wild carnivorous and omnivorous animals from the Ural region. The grade of wild animals, invasion large degree was revealed not only by intestinal forms of parasites, but also by the larval form of trichinosis. At the same time, was determined a high degree of invasion by trichinella. In case of minor invasion or its absence, wild animal meat should be allowed to be eaten by humans or in animal feed only after prolonged heat treatment, as they are one of the links in the spread of parasitic diseases

Prediction of hydrogen sulfide emission from an energy dissipation chamber and assessment of its distribution in the ambient air

Wastewater transport in sewer networks contributes to the formation and emission of fetid and toxic sewage gases into the environment, one of which is hydrogen sulfide. The emission of gases can have a significant impact on the environment and health of maintenance workers and city residents. The object of the research is the study of the process of hydrogen sulfide emission in the energy dissipation chamber (EDC). The method of two-stage mathematical modeling in the program of finite element analysis ANSYS CFX is applied for the research. Two models have been created, the first one simulates the internal space of the EDC structure itself, and the second one simulates the EDC manhole and the volume of the surrounding air next to it. Mathematical dependences of hydrogen sulfide concentration change at three sections inside the structure are obtained for incoming wastewater flow velocities V = 1 m/s, 1.5 m/s and 2 m/s. The critical flow velocities at which the maximum single threshold limit value will exceed 1 m/s and the threshold limit value of the working area will exceed 1.52 m/s are determined. The methodology for solving the problem of assessing the impact of the EDC object on the environment is formed. The results of the study can be applied in the design of structures for a preliminary assessment and prediction of the impact of a wastewater facility, as well as the selection of the most favorable hydraulic regime

Prospects for the use of multipurpose engineering devices for wastewater treatment at industrial enterprises

In this article, the authors highlight the issues related to the prospects for the use of multipurpose engineering and technical devices for wastewater treatment with the help of which it is possible to reach regulatory applicants for various pollutants of both organic and inorganic origin. The results of the development of the electrolyzer-adsorber combined device design, which makes it possible to carry out two sequential processes for obtaining substandard effluents, namely, electrochemical oxidation and sorption, are presented. Recommendations for the calculation for industrial use of a multipurpose engineering and technical installation developed by the authors are given. The results of the rational parameters’ selection for the electrooxidation-sorption treatment of substandard waters are presented on the example of one of the food industry enterprises

QUALITY PARAMETERS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR BUSINESS IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS

The article provides a refined definition of “information system for business” as a coordinated set of material, non-material and human re-sourses components that is used to implement a set of procedures of form¬ing an information resource as a quality product that meets the needs of ex¬ternal and internal users. According to the study, information technologies play a key role in the modern business environment. Many economic enti¬ties carry out their economical activities exclusively bye using communica¬tion-digital networks and functional software which provide the infor-mation necessary for effective business management. Resently, it has been proven that the communication and information technologies have become an integral part of any modern information systems, since they increase the level of business competitiveness during use the operational management information on time.These information technologies ensure the work’s continuity of information systems for a long period of time with the possi¬bility of quick adaptation of the business to the digital transformation’s conditions, which reduce the formation’s cost of information resources.The role of such components of information technology as software, databases and computer networks, which, in turn, are key components of high-quality information systems, is disclosed