The criteria of adaptation of primary school pupils to the academic load of the increased intensity

© 2016 Belicheva.The relevance of the research problem is due to applying various training programs in the modern education system which are supposed to increase teaching efficiency. In-depth study of some subjects at schools, lyceums and gymnasiums which starts in the elementary school quite often leads to tension and failures of adaptation process in innovative institutions that makes it necessary to work out the criteria of this process. This article deals with studying such criteria as dynamics of intellectual working capacity, physical health and physical fitness of the 1-3rd graders influenced by teaching in classes with in-depth study of a foreign language. The methods of the research of this problem are: the method of proof tests, the health index assessment method, testing of physical qualities that make it possible to define the level of intellectual working capacity, physical health and physical fitness of the 1-3rd graders in their dynamics and interrelation with the intensity of the academic load. The criteria of adaptation of primary school pupils to the academic load of the increased intensity have been worked out in the article. It has been proved that the increase in the academic load increases pupils' intellectual working capacity and has no negative effect on physical fitness of the 1-3rd graders, but it increases their disease incidence that indicates a high physiological cost of organism adaptation to a more intensive academic load. The materials of the article can be useful to elementary school teachers and school psychologists in working out and planning training programs involving in-depth study of subjects

Pedagogical conditions of using binary approach to optimization of the control and diagnostic functions in the training of students

© 2016 Telegina and Galimova.The purpose of this article is theoretical substantiation and development of pedagogical conditions of using binary approach to the optimization of the control and diagnostic functions in teaching students in “General pedagogy”. In order to realize this purpose, the study used a range of complementary theoretical, empirical and statistical methods. The article presents a pedagogical conditions of the binary approach, including: incentives and motivation of interest to teachers and students to the process and the results of control and self-diagnostics and self-test; cost optimization time to implement the control and diagnostic functions; optimal number of control “points”; the optimal number of the applicability of methods of diagnostics and self-test; the most optimal and self-evaluation General pedagogical competence; clear reasoning on the part of the teacher and a deep understanding by students of the basic criteria of assessment of knowledge and competencies. Study materials are the basis for the development and using the system of test control and self-control of students' knowledge using IKT, as well as packets of control and diagnostic tasks and assignments for students in the discipline “General pedagogy”

P148 CD68 expression in inflammatory cell infiltration of nonspecific invasive breast cancer

BackgroundTumor-associated macrophages play a main role in tumor progression and dissemination. Taking into account the high heterogeneicity of tumor the different clinical impact of macrophages, infiltrating different sites of tumor, could be expected. The aim was to detect the level of CD68+ cells (macrophages) in the different site of stroma in breast tumor in comparison to clinical course.Materials and methodsOne thirty-six women with nonspecific invasive breast cancer T1-4N0-3M0, who were treated in General Oncology Department of Tomsk Cancer Research Institute (Tomsk, Russia), were included in the present study. Patients did not receive preoperative treatment. The material was fixed in 10–12% neutral formalin. Preparation of the histological material was carried out according to standard procedures. Morphological examination of the surgical specimens was performed by the standard method using a light microscope “Carl Zeiss Axio Lab.A1” (Germany) and slidescanner “MiraxMidiZeiss” (Germany). Metastatic lesion was detected in regional lymph nodes. Immunohistochemical study was performed according to standard procedures. Cytoplasmic expression of these markers was determined in the inflammatory cell infiltrate of different tumor segments: (1) in areas with soft fibrous stroma; (2) in areas with coarse fibrous stroma; (3) in the areas of the so-called “maximum stromal-and-parenchymal relationship” where the individual tumor cells, short strands and groups of tumor cells arranged in soft fibrous stroma; (4) among parenchymal elements; (5) in gaps of ductal tumor structures. Double-stained immunofluorescence was performed according to standard procedures using Leica TCS SP2 laser-scanning spectral confocal microscope (Germany). The following primary antibodies were used: mouse monoclonal anti-human CD68 (BD Biosciences) and rabbit polyclonal anti-stabilin-1 or RS1 (marker of M2 macrophages).ResultsThe highest expression of CD68 in the inflammatory cell infiltrate was detected more frequently in areas with soft fibrous stroma (54%) or the so-called “maximum stromal-and-parenchymal relationship” (79%) in patients with breast cancer. The lowest expression of CD68 was observed in areas with coarse fiber stroma (23%). The CD68-positive cells of the inflammatory infiltrate were located between parenchymal elements of tumor (88%). Inverse correlation (R=−0.67; p=0.02) observed between tumor size and the expression of CD68 in the cells of the inflammatory infiltrate in gaps of tubular tumor structures. The CD68 expression in cells of the inflammatory tumor infiltrate was correlated with the presence of metastatic regional lymph nodes. It was found that in the case of the lymph node metastases the average score of CD68 expression in cells of ductal gaps tumor structures was lower (1.4±0.5) in comparison with the negative lymph nodes case (3.1±1.0; F=10.9; p=0.007). Same time no correlation between the CD68 expression in the inflammatory cell tumor infiltrate and the rate of tumor malignancy was found. Using confocal microscopy domination of CD68+/RS1+ cells were found.ConclusionSo, low CD68 expression level in ductal gaps tumor structures is associated with the presence of metastatic regional lymph nodes

The Role of Evaluative Tools in the Creation of the Memorial Media Portrait of Jacques Chirac (1932—2019)

The article is devoted to the study of evaluative tools used in modern French media in order to form the media image of a representative of the political elite. The techniques used in the creation of a memorial media portrait of Jacques Chirac (1932—2019), President of France from 1995 to 2007 are considered. The research material was the most prestigious French print media of various political orientations, published in late September — early October 2019 in connection with the death of the ex-President of the French Republic. The relevance of the research topic is dictated by the close attention of modern linguistics to axiological phenomena, differently presented in different types of discursive practices. The novelty of the study is due to the appeal to the analysis of the complex of evaluation tools used in the French print media when characterizing the former leader of the state during the nation’s farewell period. The estimated potential of the title of the article and its influence on the formation of the estimated vector of the entire text of the publication are shown. A systematic analysis of the assessment expression means, reflected in the memorial media portrait of the politician, is given. The factors that influenced the peculiarities of their use in this type of media portrait are revealed

Present-day Risk of Occasional Extreme Hydrological and Hydrogeological Events

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchive

Clinicopathological features of nonspecific invasive breast cancer according to its molecular subtypes

The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical and morphological features of nonspecific invasive breast cancer according to its molecular subtypes. Materials and Methods: 163 women with nonspecific invasive breast cancer (T1–4N0–3M0) were included in the present study. Luminal A type of breast cancer was detected in 101 women, luminal B type — in 23 women, overexpression of HER2/neu was identified in 14 women and triple-negative cancer — in 25 women. Results: The study revealed that various molecular subtypes of breast cancer differ in the morphological structure, the expression characteristics of the primary tumor and the rate of lymphogenous and hematogenous metastasis. Lymphogenous metastases were more frequently (in 71%) detected in HER2/neu overexpressing breast cancer than in luminal A (41%), luminal B (39%) and triple-negative tumors (40%). Hematogenous metastasis did not depend on the morphological structure of carcinoma infiltrative component, the state of tumor stroma as well as the proliferative activity in all the investigated groups. Conclusion: The revealed clinicopathological characteristics of different molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer allow to predict the possible outcome of the disease and select personalized treatment strategy for patients more reasonably

Features receptor status of tumor in synchronous and metachronous bilateral breast cancer

The work examines the characteristics of the receptor status of the tumor with synchronous and metachronous bilateral breast cancer. Studied surgical material from 44 patients with bilateral malignant tumors of this localization: 22 patients were recorded synchronous and 22 patients metachronous breast tumors. The predominant histological type was invasive carcinoma nonspecific type. We conducted immunohistochemical examination of the tumor tissue showed that in synchronous bilateral breast cancer is dominated by positive receptor status with the simultaneous combination of the expression of receptors for estrogen and progesterone, and the most common is the luminal A molecular genetic type of neoplasm. Metachronous tumors significantly more likely to have a negative receptor status with the lack of expression of receptors for estrogen and progesterone, and dominant among them is three times the negative molecular genetic type of tumor.Работа посвящена изучению особенностей рецепторного статуса опухоли при синхронном и метахронном билатеральном раке молочных желез. Исследовался операционный материал от 44 пациенток с двухсторонними злокачественными новообразованиями данной локализации: у 22 больных регистрировались синхронные и у 22 пациенток метахронные опухоли молочных желез. Преобладающим гистологическим типом опухоли была инвазивная карцинома неспецифического типа. Проведенное нами иммуногистохимическое исследование ткани опухоли показало, что при синхронном билатеральном раке молочных желез преобладает позитивный рецепторный статус с одновременным сочетанием экспрессии рецепторов к эстрогенам и прогестерону, а наиболее частым является люминальный А молекулярно­генетический тип новообразования. Метахронные опухоли достоверно чаще имеют негативный рецепторный статус с отсутствием экспрессии рецепторов к эстрогенам и прогестерону, а доминирующим среди них является трижды негативный молекулярно-генетический тип опухоли

The first combined russian experience of using perampanel in children and adolescents with epilepsy in everyday clinical practice

Background. Real world data help to provide more information on the effects and tolerability of therapy. However, data on the use of perampanel in Russian population of children remain limited. aim. To conduct a retrospective analysis of perampanel efficacy and tolerability in children and adolescents with epilepsy in real clinical practice. Materials and methods. A total of 106 children aged 4–18 years receiving perampanel as part of combination therapy for epilepsy were observed at 18 centers. Seizure frequency at 1–3, after 6 and 12 months of treatment, presence and type of adverse events (AEs) were analyzed. The main assessed efficacy parameters were seizure control, significant (≥50 %) decrease in seizure frequency. All other outcomes (<50 % decrease, no change or increased seizure frequency) were considered to be no effect. The assessed safety parameters were the percentage of patients with or without AEs and the percentage of perampanel withdrawals due to AEs. results. We defined 3 age groups for comparison: children 4–6, 7–11 and 12–17 years old. Perampanel efficacy was 69 % (seizure control – 23.6 %, ≥50 % decrease in seizure frequency – 45.3 %). The mean duration of the effect was 7.3 ± 4.1 months. No significant difference in efficacy between age groups was found. However, some greater efficacy of perampanel was noted in adolescents: absence of effect in the form of remission or significant decrease in seizures frequency was noted only in 25.5 %, with 40 % in children 4–11 years old. Among those with inefficacy, 3.8 % reported seizure aggravation. AEs occurred in only 23 % of patients, with the least frequent occurrence in adolescents (11.8 %) and the most frequent in children aged 7–11 years (40 %). The most frequent AEs was sluggishness and/or drowsiness. Discontinuation of perampanel due to AEs was required in 7.6 %. Conclusion. Perampanel has demonstrated high efficacy and good tolerability in real clinical practice among children from 4 years of age and adolescents with partial (focal) and secondary generalized seizures. The AEs that developed were not serious and very rarely led to withdrawal of the therapy. The results are comparable to those of phase III studies and previous real-world data. The usage of perampanel in children with primary generalized seizures should be further investigated. © 2022 ABV-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved.EisaiО.А. Рахманина / O.A. Rakhmanina: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9218-2531 И.В. Волков / I.V. Volkov: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7816-7535 О.К. Волкова / O.K. Volkova: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3314-3895 Ю.А. Александров / Yu.A. Aleksandrov: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3887-5219 М.В. Бархатов / M.V. Barkhatov: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-4677 И.С. Бахтин / I.S. Bakhtin: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3600-687X Г.М. Бережная / G.M. Berezhnaya: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3917-422X А.Ю. Карась / A.Yu. Karas: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9089-9627 Д.В. Морозов / D.V. Morozov: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-9143 И.С. Бахтин / I.S. Bakhtin: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3600-687X Т.Р. Томенко / T.R. Tomenko: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0652-1996 Ж.М. Цоцонава / Zh.M. Tsotsonava: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3275-5099 Конфликт интересов и финансирование. Публикация подготовлена при финансовой поддержке компании «Эйсай». Авторы несут полную ответственность за содержание статьи и редакционные решения. Conflict of interest and funding. This publication was funded by Eisai. The authors are fully responsible for the content of the article and editorial decisions