8 research outputs found

    Nature, properties and accessibility of acid sites in hierarchical materials

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    W pracy dowiedziono, 偶e sekwencyjne traktowanie zeolitu roztworami kwas贸w i alkali贸w jest efektywn膮 procedur膮 modyfikacji prowadz膮cej do uzyskania jednorodnego systemu mezopor贸w w obr臋bie ziaren zeolit贸w. Wygenerowanie dodatkowego systemu kana艂贸w o wi臋kszych 艣rednicach nie ma negatywnego wp艂ywu na krystaliczno艣膰 (badania XRD), mikroporowaty charakter (niskotemperaturowa sorpcja azotu) oraz obraz w艂a艣ciwo艣ci kwasowych (badania metoda spektroskopii IR). Zastosowanie cz膮steczek sond o r贸偶nej 艣rednicy kinetycznej oraz odmiennej zasadowo艣ci umo偶liwi艂o dog艂臋bn膮 analiz臋 zmian w mocy i dost臋pno艣ci centr贸w kwasowych. W pracy przedstawiono metodologi臋 sorpcji 2,6-ditertbutylopirydyny do ilo艣ciowej charakterystyki zmian w dost臋pno艣ci centr贸w protonowych. Zmiany dost臋pno艣ci centr贸w protonowych zosta艂y skorelowane ze zmianami we w艂a艣ciwo艣ciach teksturalnych uzyskanych materia艂贸w hierarchicznych. Pe艂na charakterystyka strukturalna, teksturalna i kwasowa hierarchicznych zeolit贸w MOR uzyskanych na drodze sekwencyjnego traktowania kwasem oraz alkaliami umo偶liwi艂a okre艣lenie wp艂ywu selektywnego usuwania atom贸w krzemu oraz/lub glinu na skutek tworzenia drugorz臋dowego systemu mezopor贸w na w艂a艣ciwo艣ci uzyskanych materia艂贸w. Informacji o statusie krzemu oraz glinu jak r贸wnie偶 o zmianach wywo艂anych procesami ekstrakcji dostarczy艂y badania z wykorzystaniem j膮drowego rezonansu magnetycznego. dost臋pno艣ci centr贸w protonowych. Zmiany dost臋pno艣ci centr贸w protonowych zosta艂y skorelowane ze zmianami we w艂a艣ciwo艣ciach teksturalnych uzyskanych materia艂贸w hierarchicznych. Pe艂na charakterystyka strukturalna, teksturalna i kwasowa hierarchicznych zeolit贸w MOR uzyskanych na drodze sekwencyjnego traktowania kwasem oraz alkaliami umo偶liwi艂a okre艣lenie wp艂ywu selektywnego usuwania atom贸w krzemu oraz/lub glinu na skutek tworzenia drugorz臋dowego systemu mezopor贸w na w艂a艣ciwo艣ci uzyskanych materia艂贸w. Informacji o statusie krzemu oraz glinu jak r贸wnie偶 o zmianach wywo艂anych procesami ekstrakcji dostarczy艂y badania z wykorzystaniem j膮drowego rezonansu magnetycznego.The present work was attempted to evidence that sequential treatment of zeolite in acidic and alkaline solutions is an effective procedure leading to the formation of a uniform system of mesopores within the zeolite grains. The presence of an additional system of mesopores does not have a negative impact on crystallinity (XRD), microporous character (the low temperature nitrogen sorption) and acidic properties (IR spectroscopy).The application of probes with different kinetic diameter and different basicity offered comprehensive analysis of the strength and the accessibility of the acid centres. Additionally, the methodology of 2,6- di-tert-butylpirydine sorption was evaluated to quantify the changes in the accessibility of the protonic centers induced by demetalation. The changes in the accessibility of acid sites were correlated with the textural properties of the hierarchical mordenites.Comprehensive structural and textural characterization supported by evaluation of acidic properties of hierarchical mordenites allowed to determine the impact of sequential dealumination and desilication procedure on the secondary system of mesopores and on the status Al atoms being the source of acidity. Information on the status of silicon and aluminium atoms in native and hierarchical materials have been provided by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis

    Hierarchical mordenite dedicated to the fluid catalytic cracking process : catalytic performance regarding textural and acidic properties

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    This work was attempted to show that the sequential dealumination and desilication with the use of tetraalkylammonium cations as pore directing agents (PDA) are an effective procedure for the fabrication of hierarchical mordenite zeolites with preserved crystallinity and uniform intracrystalline mesoporosity. Additionally it was demonstrated that desilication performed in the presence of PDAs offered greater mesoporosity development when compared to pure NaOH treatment. IR studies employing ammonia and pyridine as probes exhibited considerably Br酶nsted acidity of the resulting materials. The strength of protonic sites was reduced upon the treatment; nevertheless their accessibility to hindered 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine molecules became noticeably high owing to a more open hierarchical structure. Concentration of the acid sites, their strength, and accessibility were reflected in both catalytic activity and selectivity in the cracking of n-decane, 1,3,5-tri-isopropylbenzene, and vacuum gas oil

    Hierarchical Mordenite Dedicated to the Fluid Catalytic Cracking Process: Catalytic Performance Regarding Textural and Acidic Properties

    No full text
    This work was attempted to show that the sequential dealumination and desilication with the use of tetraalkylammonium cations as pore directing agents (PDA) are an effective procedure for the fabrication of hierarchical mordenite zeolites with preserved crystallinity and uniform intracrystalline mesoporosity. Additionally it was demonstrated that desilication performed in the presence of PDAs offered greater mesoporosity development when compared to pure NaOH treatment. IR studies employing ammonia and pyridine as probes exhibited considerably Br酶nsted acidity of the resulting materials. The strength of protonic sites was reduced upon the treatment; nevertheless their accessibility to hindered 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine molecules became noticeably high owing to a more open hierarchical structure. Concentration of the acid sites, their strength, and accessibility were reflected in both catalytic activity and selectivity in the cracking of n-decane, 1,3,5-tri-isopropylbenzene, and vacuum gas oil
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