The protracted collapse of ghana airways: Lessons in organizational failure

Although the importance of organizational failure has fostered a steady stream of research, a review of the literature suggests that the majority of studies have focused on firms in the private sector and in developed economies. Despite the increasing occurrence of state-owned firms failing in many developing countries, empirical research on this issue remains scant. Using an in-depth case study of Ghana Airways, this article examines the causes of failure of state-owned organizations in developing countries. This study revealed that, in addition to external factors such as liberalization, frequent changes of the top management team and the decision makers' characteristics contributed significantly to the firm's demise. The theoretical, managerial, and policy implications of these findings are discussed

The reflexive consumer

Drawing on a detailed reading of the work of Peppers and Rogers (1993, 1997, 2004, 2005), this paper argues that their work offers an emblematic problematization of traditional mass marketing, which articulates a new mentality of marketing — collaborative marketing. Collaborative marketing, implemented through the practices of CRM, reframes the role and identity of the individual consumer within producer—consumer relationships, transforming them from sovereign chooser to active collaborator, or as they are termed here, reflexive consumers. Using Foucault's concept of governmentality the paper articulates the achievement of this transformation and the central role of reflexivity in this transformation of the consumer. We conclude that in redefining the nature of marketing, RM and CRM form new relays of power linking producer and consumer and that these relays re-interpret the antagonism between freedom and subjugation that lie at the heart of producer—consumer relationships. © 2008, SAGE Publications. All rights reserved

The Meaning of Entrepreneurship: A Modular Concept

entrepreneurship, market co-ordination, innovation, technology diffusion, occupational choice, M13, B15, B25.,