Can ensemble learning approaches for offside detection work?

The analysis of data collected from various recreational activities and professional sports is essential to obtain more information on the activity in question or to make better data-driven decisions. Most literature related to offside detection related to the efficacy of manual offside detection or the use of an offside detection algorithm. In this study, the focus shall be on the detection of offside judgements in football/soccer using ensemble learning approaches such as random forest type algorithms, boosting type algorithms and majority voting. For random forests, we also consider three corresponding extensions: regularized random forests, guided regularized random forests, and guided random forests. Moreover, five boosting approaches are considered, namely: Discrete AdaBoost, Real AdaBoost, Gentle AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting and Extreme Gradient Boosting. Gentle AdaBoost is the best performing model on most metrics, except for sensitivity, where Extreme Gradient Boosting performs best. Furthermore, soft majority voting among the models considered is capable of improving the Cohen’s Kappa and the F1 score but does not provide improvements on other metrics.peer-reviewe

Real-World Heavy-Duty Truck Trajectories on Signalized Corridors [Dataset landing page Title]

SCAQMD Contract # 17276 USDOT Grant 69A3551747114National Transportation Library (NTL) Curation Note: As this dataset is preserved in a repository outside U.S. DOT control, as allowed by the U.S. DOT's Public Access Plan (https://doi.org/10.21949/1503647) Section 7.4.2 Data, the NTL staff has performed NO additional curation actions on this dataset. The current level of dataset documentation is the responsibility of the dataset creator. NTL staff last accessed this dataset at its repository URL on 2022-11-11. If, in the future, you have trouble accessing this dataset at the host repository, please email [email protected] describing your problem. NTL staff will do its best to assist you at that time.In the last few decades, efforts to reduce emissions from heavy-duty diesel trucks (HDDTs) and their health impacts have been focused on imposing increasingly stringent emissions standards. This has led to significant advancements in emission control technologies and alternative fuel vehicle technologies. While these technologies are effective at reducing emissions from HDDTs, the turnover of the existing HDDT population to these advanced technologies would require a large amount of investment and along time. In the near term, other efforts to reduce emissions of the existing HDDTs and mitigate their impacts on communities are needed. Many studies have shown the promise of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) technologies in reducing the energy consumption and environmental footprint of people and goods movement through various means. This research is aimed at developing and evaluating eco-friendly ITS strategies for freight vehicles and traffic, with a focus on strategies that are applicable to the transportation systems in the South Coast Air Basin. Four specific strategies are examined in this research, including: 1) connected eco-driving, 2) truck eco-routing, 3) integrated traffic control, and 4) intelligent parking assist. This report describes the evaluation of each strategy, discusses results, and provide recommendations for future implementation. The total size of the described zip file is 3.52 MB. The .csv, Comma Separated Value, file is a simple format that is designed for a database table and supported by many applications. The .csv file is often used for moving tabular data between two different computer programs, due to its open format. Any text editor or spreadsheet program will open .csv files. Text files can be view in notepad or any document reading software

Environmental change reduces body condition, but not population growth, in a high-arctic herbivore

Environmental change influences fitness-related traits and demographic rates, which in herbivores are often linked to resource-driven variation in body condition. Coupled body condition-demographic responses may therefore be important for herbivore population dynamics in fluctuating environments, such as the Arctic. We applied a transient Life-Table Response Experiment (‘transient-LTRE’) to demographic data from Svalbard barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis), to quantify their population-dynamic responses to changes in body mass. We partitioned contributions from direct and delayed demographic and body condition-mediated processes to variation in population growth. Declines in body condition (1980-2017), which positively affected reproduction and fledgling survival, had negligible consequences for population growth. Instead, population growth rates were largely reproduction-driven, in part through positive responses to rapidly advancing spring phenology. The virtual lack of body condition-mediated effects indicates that herbivore population dynamics may be more resilient to changing body condition than previously expected, with implications for their persistence under environmental change.,Data of body mass was recorded during goose catches (during the moulting period at the breeding grounds at Ny-Ålesund Svalbard). Body mass (measured in g) was then entered into data bases along with the individual ID and age class (fledgling = FL or adult = Ad). Included in the dataset is the average annual body mass for a cohort , for fledglings (1991-2016) and adults (1980-2016), and the sample size for which the average was calculated.,Where average values of body mass are missing, there was no data available in this year.

Lived experience and attitudes of people with plantar heel pain: a qualitative exploration

Abstract Background Plantar heel pain is a common source of pain and disability. Evidence-based treatment decisions for people with plantar heel pain should be guided by the best available evidence, expert clinical reasoning, and consider the needs of the patient. Education is a key component of care for any patient and needs to be tailored to the patient and their condition. However, no previous work has identified, far less evaluated, the approaches and content required for optimal education for people with plantar heel pain. The aim of this study was to gather the patients’ perspective regarding their lived experience, attitudes and educational needs in order to inform the content and provision of meaningful education delivery approaches. Methods Using a qualitative descriptive design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants with a clinical diagnosis of plantar heel pain. A topic guide was utilised that focused on the experience of living with plantar heel pain and attitudes regarding treatment and educational needs. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the Framework approach. Each transcription, and the initial findings, were reported back to participants to invite respondent validation. Results Eighteen people with plantar heel pain were interviewed. Descriptive analysis revealed eight themes including perceptions of plantar heel pain, impact on self, dealing with plantar heel pain, source of information, patient needs, patient unmet needs, advice to others and interest in online education. Participants revealed doubt about the cause, treatment and prognosis of plantar heel pain. They also expressed a desire to have their pain eliminated and education individually tailored to their condition and needs. Respondent validation revealed that the transcripts were accurate, and participants were able to recognise their own experiences in the synthesised themes. Conclusion Plantar heel pain has a negative impact on health-related quality of life. Participants wanted their pain eliminated and reported that their expectations and needs were frequently unmet. Health professionals have an important role to be responsive to the needs of the patient to improve their knowledge and influence pain and behaviour. Our study informs the content needed to help educate people with plantar heel pain

Additional file 1 of Lived experience and attitudes of people with plantar heel pain: a qualitative exploration

Additional file 1. The Framework Matrix - summary of themes and subthemes

Axial progenitors generate trunk neural crest cells at a high efficiency in vitro

Expression profiling by array. Gene expression profiling utilised total RNA extracted from ES cells (N=3); hPSC derived Cranial neural crest precursors (N=3); hPSC derived Cranial neural crest cells (N=3); hPSC derived Cranial neural crest cells after RA treatment to posteriorise (N=3); hPSC derived Neuromesodermal progenitors (N=3); hPSC derived Trunk neural crest progenitors (N=3); hPSC derived trunk neural crest cells (N=3)The in vitro generation of neural crest (NC) cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is a valuable approach to study human NC biology and isolate NC derivatives for disease modelling/regenerative medicine applications. However, conventional differentiation protocols induce only a modest yield of NC cells corresponding to the trunk level. Here we show that trunk NC cells and, their downstream derivatives, sympathoadrenal progenitors, can be produced at a high efficiency from hPSC-derived axial progenitors, the in vitro counterparts of the posteriorly-located drivers of embryonic axis elongation. Moreover, using transcriptome analysis, we define the molecular signatures associated with the emergence of human NC cells of distinct axial identities. Collectively, our findings indicate that a post-cranial NC state is achieved through two different routes: the birth of cardiac and vagal NC is facilitated by retinoic acid-induced posteriorisation of an anterior precursor whereas a trunk fate relies on a posterior axial progenitor intermediate.Frith TJ, Granata I, Stout E, Wind M, Thompson O, Stavish D, Heath PR, Hackland JO, Anastassiadis K, Gouti M, Briscoe J, Wilson V, Guarracino MR, Andrews PW, Tsakridis A, 2018, Axial progenitors generate trunk neural crest cells at a high efficiency in vitro, Gene Expression Omnibus, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE10926

Lived experience and attitudes of people with plantar heel pain: a qualitative exploration

Abstract Background Plantar heel pain is a common source of pain and disability. Evidence-based treatment decisions for people with plantar heel pain should be guided by the best available evidence, expert clinical reasoning, and consider the needs of the patient. Education is a key component of care for any patient and needs to be tailored to the patient and their condition. However, no previous work has identified, far less evaluated, the approaches and content required for optimal education for people with plantar heel pain. The aim of this study was to gather the patients’ perspective regarding their lived experience, attitudes and educational needs in order to inform the content and provision of meaningful education delivery approaches. Methods Using a qualitative descriptive design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants with a clinical diagnosis of plantar heel pain. A topic guide was utilised that focused on the experience of living with plantar heel pain and attitudes regarding treatment and educational needs. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the Framework approach. Each transcription, and the initial findings, were reported back to participants to invite respondent validation. Results Eighteen people with plantar heel pain were interviewed. Descriptive analysis revealed eight themes including perceptions of plantar heel pain, impact on self, dealing with plantar heel pain, source of information, patient needs, patient unmet needs, advice to others and interest in online education. Participants revealed doubt about the cause, treatment and prognosis of plantar heel pain. They also expressed a desire to have their pain eliminated and education individually tailored to their condition and needs. Respondent validation revealed that the transcripts were accurate, and participants were able to recognise their own experiences in the synthesised themes. Conclusion Plantar heel pain has a negative impact on health-related quality of life. Participants wanted their pain eliminated and reported that their expectations and needs were frequently unmet. Health professionals have an important role to be responsive to the needs of the patient to improve their knowledge and influence pain and behaviour. Our study informs the content needed to help educate people with plantar heel pain