The Phase-Space Density Profiles of Cold Dark Matter Halos

We examine the coarse-grained phase-space density profiles of a set of recent, high-resolution simulations of galaxy-sized Cold Dark Matter (CDM) halos. Over two and a half decades in radius the phase-space density closely follows a power-law, $\rho/\sigma^3 \propto r^{-\alpha}$, with $\alpha = 1.875$. This behaviour matches the self-similar solution obtained by Bertschinger for secondary infall in a uniformly expanding universe. On the other hand, the density profile corresponding to Bertschinger's solution (a power-law of slope $r^{2\alpha-6}$) differs significantly from the density profiles of CDM halos. We show that isotropic mass distributions with power-law phase-space density profiles form a one-parameter family of structures controlled by $\kappa$, the ratio of the velocity dispersion to the peak circular velocity. For $\kappa=\alpha=1.875$ one recovers the power-law solution $\rho \propto r^{2\alpha-6}$. For $\kappa$ larger than some critical value, $\kappa_{cr}$, solutions become non-physical, leading to negative densities near the center. The critical solution, $\kappa =\kappa_{cr}$, has the narrowest phase-space density distribution compatible with the power-law phase-space density stratification constraint. Over three decades in radius the critical solution is indistinguishable from an NFW profile. Our results thus suggest that the NFW profile is the result of a hierarchical assembly process that preserves the phase-space stratification of Bertschinger's infall model but which ``mixes'' the system maximally, perhaps as a result of repeated merging.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures; submitted to The Astrophysical Journa

An Exploration of Asian Population Geography and Demographics in Gwinnett County, Georgia

This storymap presentation is partnered with Dr. McDaniel’s GEOG 3345 course. The storymap will consist of numerous maps that have been created by me using the ArcGIS Online program. Georgia is a state with a growing population in recent decades. Population growth is a result of both domestic and international migration from many points of origin. Indeed, the Atlanta metro area is one of the fastest growing metro regions in country in terms of numeric growth. This project uses ArcGIS Online to explore the population geography and demographics of the Asian population in Gwinnett County, Georgia, within the Atlanta metropolitan statistical area. Gwinnett County is a suburban county of Atlanta that is located in the north central portion of Georgia. The 2020 population of Gwinnett County was nearly one million, making it the second-most populous county in the state of Georgia. The analysis includes an examination of variables related to income, population, education, and language, with particular emphasis on spatial patterns in the Asian community that are reflected by these attributes. The spatial analysis and maps created for this project will illustrate a variety of contemporary trends for the Asian population in Gwinnett County. By utilizing ArcGIS Online to map out the Asian demographics of Gwinnett County, one can see spatial patterns reflected by their community

Addressing the Global Tragedy of Needless Pain: Rethinking the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs

The lack of medical availability of effective pain medication is an enduring and expanding global health calamity. Despite important medical advances, pain remains severely under-treated worldwide, particularly in developing countries. This article contributes to the discussion of this global health crisis by considering international legal and institutional mechanisms to promote wider accessibility to critical narcotic drugs for pain relief

I Didn\u27t Feel Doctoral Worthy : Motivating Factors for Black Female, First-Generation Doctoral Students

I Didn\u27t Feel Doctoral Worthy : Motivating Factors for Black Female, First-Generation Doctoral Student

INVESTIGATING THE THRU-HIKING EXPERIENCE: A STUDY ON THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL SCENIC TRAIL

The phenomena of thru-hiking has been on a dramatic rise, spurring hikers to venture onto increasingly remote and challenging trails over extended periods of time. Despite the recent popularity of thru-hiking, the field remains relatively unstudied. In recreation, the expectations held beforehand have been linked to perceptions after an activity, but this has not been explored in thru-hiking. For example, there is little known on the challenges associated with thru-hiking and how these challenges are navigated. Additionally, the social experience associated with thru-hiking on and off the trail has not been studied. Further, research is lacking on immersive experiences such as thru-hiking and hikers’ transition back to ‘regular’ life. Through exploration of these areas, there will be an increased understanding of the thru-hikers and their actions, a field that is growing greatly in popularity and yet little research has been conducted. With a better understanding of thru-hikers, managers will be able to better adopt their plans and strategies to incorporate the unique characteristics of this user group. Without an increased understanding of thru-hiker attitudes and behaviors, managers will lack the necessary knowledge to effectively manage long distance hiking trails, which could negatively impact the natural resources of the trail and the hiker experience. This study addresses these gaps by investigating the thru-hiker experience of the Pacific Northwest National Scenic Trail (PNNST), a trail best known for its remoteness and rugged features. The study also examines what thru-hikers believe should be maintained or reconsidered in the face of the impending management plan. Multi-phase semi-structured interviews were conducted with 42 of the 2017 PNNST thru-hikers before their hike, directly after completion, and two months after completion. The research focused on how pre-hike expectations and previous experiences affect the experience of the thru-hiker, how thru-hikers navigate adverse circumstances, how the social aspect impacts the thru-hiker experience, and how completion of a thru-hike affects the transition back to everyday life. The findings suggest that previous experience and expectations for the trail have an impact on how thru-hikers interpret their experience, with many describing how the PNNST met or did not meet their expectations going into the trail. Thru-hikers dealt with challenges utilizing both mental and physical strategies, which were unique depending upon their previous levels of experience. Additionally, the research suggests that the thru-hiking experience will have an impact on the lives of the majority of thru-hikers going forward. This study’s findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of thru-hiking and is useful to land managers, recreational planners, and community planners for extended trails and trail towns

Dysmorphic features: isolated dysmorphologies

This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of isolated dysmorphic features

Dysmorphic features: common syndromes and sequences

This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of common syndromes and sequences fund with dysmorphic features

Assessing Barriers to Health Care Access for New Americans

Introduction. Healthcare within the United States has been at the forefront of public discussion and political representation in recent years, particularly as it relates to healthcare access and barriers to said access. Focus has been placed on low-income groups that most generally represent the face of the average American, but this leaves the question: How are new Americans faring, and do their struggles match those faced by the rest of the country? The new Americans of Burlington, Vermont serve as a small window into a unique refugee population’s experiences with healthcare in the United States. Methods. A focus group consisting of 8 women was hosted on-site at the Burlington Housing Authority Franklin Square apartments. Questions were designed to determine demographic data as well facilitate subjective discussion on participants’ healthcare experiences. Translation services were provided by the resident manager. Results. Languages spoken were Mai Mai, Swahili, and English. Five major themes for healthcare access barriers were identified: language barriers, having children, transportation barriers, financial barriers, and a lack of preventative care. Sub- themes were also identified, which formed a taxonomy of barriers to healthcare access among the representative population. Discussion/Conclusions. The difficulties faced by new Americans are numerous and interrelated, leading to a perpetual cycle of insufficient healthcare. Throughout the discussion, the financial burden of healthcare was regularly raised as one of the most prominent issues faced. This concern matches with those found in similar, previous studies, that have analyzed the difficulties faced by the rest of America.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/comphp_gallery/1254/thumbnail.jp

God, Politics and the Environment: Religious Affiliation and Voting Patterns by Congress On Environmental Legislation, 1970-2010.

Every year members of Congress vote on numerous bills that will have an impact on the vitality of our environment. But what factors, if any, contribute to the way in which Members of the House vote on environmental legislation? In this paper, we postulate that religion has a large role in influencing the voting habits of Representatives. In order to test for religion’s impact, we examined the roll call voting of Members of the House of Representatives spread over nine years from 1970-2010. We find that self- identified religious affiliation is an independently important factor in determining voting patterns of Members of Congress. This pattern holds constant over time and consistent across party lines